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Hormonal adaptation and the stress of exercise training: the role of glucocorticoids. 激素适应和运动训练的压力:糖皮质激素的作用。
Q3 Health Professions Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Anthony C Hackney, Elizabeth A Walz

Glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, are steroid hormones produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland. These hormones play vital roles in the body's defense mechanisms when dealing with stress, as well as being important in blood glucose regulation. Regrettably, misconceptions regarding the physiological actions of these hormones (in particular relative to the catabolism) have been created within the areas of sports and exercise. For example, cortisol most often is viewed as having a counter-productive role in exercise that can lead to a mal-adaptation to the exercise training process, due to the catabolic nature of this hormone relative to protein turnover. Therefore, the intent of this article is to present an overview and to offer remarks on the necessary and critically important functions of glucocorticoids during exercise, and in the adaptation process associated with exercise training. The emphasis is specifically to correct several of the misconceptions and misunderstandings that are portrayed within some research and popular literature regarding endocrine responses to exercise and exercise training.

糖皮质激素,如皮质醇,是由肾上腺皮质束状带产生的类固醇激素。这些激素在应对压力时,在身体的防御机制中起着至关重要的作用,同时在血糖调节中也很重要。遗憾的是,关于这些激素的生理作用(特别是与分解代谢有关)的误解已经在运动和锻炼领域产生。例如,皮质醇通常被认为在运动中具有反生产作用,可能导致对运动训练过程的不适应,因为这种激素的分解代谢性质与蛋白质周转有关。因此,本文的目的是对糖皮质激素在运动过程中以及与运动训练相关的适应过程中的必要和至关重要的功能进行概述和评论。重点是纠正一些研究和流行文献中关于运动和运动训练的内分泌反应的一些误解和误解。
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Trends in Sport Sciences
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