Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000089
Lourdes B Alpizar Caballero, Lourdes dC Borges Oquendo
The Cuban people are made up of three major migratory currents, the Chinese are one of them. They brought their culture, the methods and procedures of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the 19th century. Few were able to return and so they created a family in Cuba; some of his descendants dedicated themselves to medicine. In order to investigate the practices that were predecessors of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Cuba in the 19th century, a qualitative phenomenological research was carried out, reviewing what was published by various sources, applying documentary analysis, logical historical analysis, abstraction, synthesis and systematization of the results on the regularities of the work and human behavior of Chinese doctors in the Cuban 19th and 20th centuries. This made it possible to identify six Chinese doctors in the 19th century in Cuba who gave rise to the beginning some practices of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Cuba, and five from the 20th century, descendants of coolies who dedicated themselves to other specialties of medicine. It was found that despite their geographical and time disperse, they were all notorious for their outstanding professional and human behavior, with a trail of accumulated successes in achieving "almost the impossible" with the patient. They have left their mark on Cuban culture.
{"title":"Main exponents of some Traditional Chinese Medicine practices in Cuba in the 19 th century and some notable doctors of Chinese descent in the 20th century.","authors":"Lourdes B Alpizar Caballero, Lourdes dC Borges Oquendo","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000089","url":null,"abstract":"The Cuban people are made up of three major migratory currents, the Chinese are one of them. They brought their culture, the methods and procedures of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the 19th century. Few were able to return and so they created a family in Cuba; some of his descendants dedicated themselves to medicine. In order to investigate the practices that were predecessors of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Cuba in the 19th century, a qualitative phenomenological research was carried out, reviewing what was published by various sources, applying documentary analysis, logical historical analysis, abstraction, synthesis and systematization of the results on the regularities of the work and human behavior of Chinese doctors in the Cuban 19th and 20th centuries. This made it possible to identify six Chinese doctors in the 19th century in Cuba who gave rise to the beginning some practices of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Cuba, and five from the 20th century, descendants of coolies who dedicated themselves to other specialties of medicine. It was found that despite their geographical and time disperse, they were all notorious for their outstanding professional and human behavior, with a trail of accumulated successes in achieving \"almost the impossible\" with the patient. They have left their mark on Cuban culture.","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"113 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135138118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000085
Jie Lin, Saboor Saeed
This paper discusses the dissemination and development of Chinese medicine in Pakistan. Religious records show that Chinese medicine was introduced to Pakistanas early as 1400 years ago, while Hijama (Chinese cupping) was used by Prophet Hazrat Muhammad to cure different types of diseases. Exchanges and cooperations between China and Pakistan continue to the present day. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, cupping therapy and herbal medicine are practiced with significant merits in today’s Pakistan. In the future, with the proposal of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the landmark project of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC),Chinese medicine can be strengthened through cooperations at the hebal medicine trade level, the research and development level, the educational level and the social association level. Chinese medicine will work together with Pakistani medicine to save people’s lives in Pakistan and help them stay healthy and improve their quality of life.
{"title":"The Dissemination and Development of Chinese Medicine in Pakistan","authors":"Jie Lin, Saboor Saeed","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000085","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the dissemination and development of Chinese medicine in Pakistan. Religious records show that Chinese medicine was introduced to Pakistanas early as 1400 years ago, while Hijama (Chinese cupping) was used by Prophet Hazrat Muhammad to cure different types of diseases. Exchanges and cooperations between China and Pakistan continue to the present day. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, cupping therapy and herbal medicine are practiced with significant merits in today’s Pakistan. In the future, with the proposal of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the landmark project of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC),Chinese medicine can be strengthened through cooperations at the hebal medicine trade level, the research and development level, the educational level and the social association level. Chinese medicine will work together with Pakistani medicine to save people’s lives in Pakistan and help them stay healthy and improve their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"104 44","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135138435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000087
Tamara Venit Shelton
Chinese medicine has a long history in the United States, dating back to its colonial period and extending up to the present. This essay focuses on the earliest generation of practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine in the United States. Although acupuncture is the modality most commonly associated with Chinese medicine in today’s medical marketplace, up until the 1970s, Chinese healers in the United States typically specialized in herbalism. Well before mass emigration from China to the United States began, Chinese material medica crossed the oceans, in both directions: Chinese medicinal teas and herbs came west while Appalachian ginseng went east. Beginning in the 1850s, Chinese immigrants came to the United States and transplanted their health practices, sometimes quite literally by propagating medicinal plants in their adopted home. Over time, Chinese doctors learned how to sell their services to non-Chinese patients by presenting herbalism as “nature’s remedies.”
{"title":"Transplanted: Chinese Herbal Medicine in the United States, from the Early Republic to the Era of Exclusion","authors":"Tamara Venit Shelton","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000087","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese medicine has a long history in the United States, dating back to its colonial period and extending up to the present. This essay focuses on the earliest generation of practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine in the United States. Although acupuncture is the modality most commonly associated with Chinese medicine in today’s medical marketplace, up until the 1970s, Chinese healers in the United States typically specialized in herbalism. Well before mass emigration from China to the United States began, Chinese material medica crossed the oceans, in both directions: Chinese medicinal teas and herbs came west while Appalachian ginseng went east. Beginning in the 1850s, Chinese immigrants came to the United States and transplanted their health practices, sometimes quite literally by propagating medicinal plants in their adopted home. Over time, Chinese doctors learned how to sell their services to non-Chinese patients by presenting herbalism as “nature’s remedies.”","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"125 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000086
Nicolás Viotti
Various resources of the so-called traditional Chinese medicine, such as taijiquan (太极拳), massage, diets or acupuncture, have become widely available in the everyday therapeutic culture of contemporary Argentina. While these resources can be found in the first half of the 20th century, it is evident that from the 1960s onward their presence is more evident, with a strong emphasis from the 1980s on. This paper aims to describe the reception and popularization of body and therapeutic techniques of traditional Chinese medicine in Argentina in the 1980s through the case of Daniel Alegre, a key figure in the dissemination of Chinese therapeutic techniques. In order to do so, it focuses on certain key mediators in the popularization of techniques such as taijiquan and Chinese massage: teachers, promoters, and specialized magazines. All these mediators are key artifacts in the processes of massification and dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine in a broader emerging horizon associated with two simultaneous processes, the Chinese cultural transnationalization and the boom of new forms of holistic management of personal well-being.
{"title":"Origins and popularization of Traditional Chinese Therapies in Argentina at the end of 20th Century: the case of Daniel Alegre","authors":"Nicolás Viotti","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000086","url":null,"abstract":"Various resources of the so-called traditional Chinese medicine, such as taijiquan (太极拳), massage, diets or acupuncture, have become widely available in the everyday therapeutic culture of contemporary Argentina. While these resources can be found in the first half of the 20th century, it is evident that from the 1960s onward their presence is more evident, with a strong emphasis from the 1980s on. This paper aims to describe the reception and popularization of body and therapeutic techniques of traditional Chinese medicine in Argentina in the 1980s through the case of Daniel Alegre, a key figure in the dissemination of Chinese therapeutic techniques. In order to do so, it focuses on certain key mediators in the popularization of techniques such as taijiquan and Chinese massage: teachers, promoters, and specialized magazines. All these mediators are key artifacts in the processes of massification and dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine in a broader emerging horizon associated with two simultaneous processes, the Chinese cultural transnationalization and the boom of new forms of holistic management of personal well-being.","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"105 31","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000083
Patricia Palma
Traditional Chinese medicine arrived from China to Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1840s due to the massive migration of Chinese people to the region. In a few years, the press noticed the presence of Chinese herbalists practicing in different cities and countries regardless of the demographic weight of the Chinese community. The fascination with Chinese doctors implicated not only the press, but also the literature, a phenomenon particularly observed in Cuba. In the first decades of the 20th century, the reactivation of Chinese immigration to the region fostered an anti-Chinese climate that materialized in more significant migratory restrictions and control of their businesses, such as what happened with Chinese herbalists. These herbalists who practiced inside and outside the Chinese community started to object to criticism and persecution by the conservative press and professional doctors. Despite this, Chinese doctors will continue to maintain their support of a significant number of ill persons. This work seeks to illuminate the historical relevance of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Latin America and the Caribbean, focusing on the casesof Peru, Chile, and Cuba. This last country was far from China culturally and geographically, but as in many other small towns in the region, Chinese medicine presented an alternative to the treatment of illnesses.
{"title":"Dissemination of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Latin America and the Caribbean: The cases of Peru, Chile and Cuba","authors":"Patricia Palma","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000083","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional Chinese medicine arrived from China to Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1840s due to the massive migration of Chinese people to the region. In a few years, the press noticed the presence of Chinese herbalists practicing in different cities and countries regardless of the demographic weight of the Chinese community. The fascination with Chinese doctors implicated not only the press, but also the literature, a phenomenon particularly observed in Cuba. In the first decades of the 20th century, the reactivation of Chinese immigration to the region fostered an anti-Chinese climate that materialized in more significant migratory restrictions and control of their businesses, such as what happened with Chinese herbalists. These herbalists who practiced inside and outside the Chinese community started to object to criticism and persecution by the conservative press and professional doctors. Despite this, Chinese doctors will continue to maintain their support of a significant number of ill persons. This work seeks to illuminate the historical relevance of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Latin America and the Caribbean, focusing on the casesof Peru, Chile, and Cuba. This last country was far from China culturally and geographically, but as in many other small towns in the region, Chinese medicine presented an alternative to the treatment of illnesses.","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000082
Ehsan Doostmohammadi
In recent years, the international recognition of traditional Chinese medicine has continuously increased, and that medical practice has gradually become incorporated into the medical systems of many nations. As an important country in the Belt and Road Initiative, Iran has enormous potential for cooperation with China in medical and health care. High-level officials of the two countries attach great importance to cooperation in both areas. Despite the recent rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine in Iran, that medical practice still faces many problems; examples here are the lack of practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine as well as the paucity of comprehensive cooperation among herbal medicine factories, publishing houses, traditional medicine colleges, and universities in the two countries. The present study collected and analyzed materials related to the practice of traditional Chinese medicine in Iran; in that way, it made a deep examination of the current situation, problems, and development prospects regarding traditional Chinese medicine in Iran with the aim of providing ideas and references to promote the international development of that form of medicine. Following an analysis of the development trends of traditional Chinese medicine in Iran in recent years, it became evident that the prospects for such medicine in that country are extensive, and the practice has excellent potential.
{"title":"Growth of Chinese Medicine in Iran: Past, Present, and Prospects","authors":"Ehsan Doostmohammadi","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000082","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the international recognition of traditional Chinese medicine has continuously increased, and that medical practice has gradually become incorporated into the medical systems of many nations. As an important country in the Belt and Road Initiative, Iran has enormous potential for cooperation with China in medical and health care. High-level officials of the two countries attach great importance to cooperation in both areas. Despite the recent rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine in Iran, that medical practice still faces many problems; examples here are the lack of practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine as well as the paucity of comprehensive cooperation among herbal medicine factories, publishing houses, traditional medicine colleges, and universities in the two countries. The present study collected and analyzed materials related to the practice of traditional Chinese medicine in Iran; in that way, it made a deep examination of the current situation, problems, and development prospects regarding traditional Chinese medicine in Iran with the aim of providing ideas and references to promote the international development of that form of medicine. Following an analysis of the development trends of traditional Chinese medicine in Iran in recent years, it became evident that the prospects for such medicine in that country are extensive, and the practice has excellent potential.","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"17 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000084
Huijun Qiao, Jingyuan Liu, Weiguo Hu, Yuyang Yang
With the development of TCM acupuncture and moxibustion, research on acupuncture and moxibustion in the western world is deepening. The concept of acupuncture and moxibustion popular in the West is formed. By investigating the localization of acupuncture and moxibustion in the western world， this paper introduces several kinds of acupuncture and moxibustion popular in the West and concludes the spread of acupuncture and moxibustion popular in the West through hospitals and clinics, academic works, social organizations, education and training. This paper provides a global vision developing domestic acupuncture and moxibustion and promoting academic prosperity and technical progress of world acupuncture and moxibustion system.
{"title":"International Communication of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Popular in the West","authors":"Huijun Qiao, Jingyuan Liu, Weiguo Hu, Yuyang Yang","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000084","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of TCM acupuncture and moxibustion, research on acupuncture and moxibustion in the western world is deepening. The concept of acupuncture and moxibustion popular in the West is formed. By investigating the localization of acupuncture and moxibustion in the western world， this paper introduces several kinds of acupuncture and moxibustion popular in the West and concludes the spread of acupuncture and moxibustion popular in the West through hospitals and clinics, academic works, social organizations, education and training. This paper provides a global vision developing domestic acupuncture and moxibustion and promoting academic prosperity and technical progress of world acupuncture and moxibustion system.","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"96 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000081
Changzhen Gong
2023 marks the fiftieth anniversary of legal regulation of acupuncture in the United States, as the first acupuncture law was enacted in Nevada. Acupuncture, like any other medical modality, is regulated at the state level, with each state formulating and enforcing its own laws and statutes over time. This article narrates the legislative process and major developments of the acupuncture profession in Minnesota, in the context of legislative developments across the country. It tells how this midsize, Midwest state’s acupuncture profession became regulated, and examines the challenges faced by the profession before and after state statutes were enacted. Minnesota stands as a representative example of the legislative process in other states.
{"title":"Acupuncture Legislation in the United States: Minnesota as a Case Study","authors":"Changzhen Gong","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000081","url":null,"abstract":"2023 marks the fiftieth anniversary of legal regulation of acupuncture in the United States, as the first acupuncture law was enacted in Nevada. Acupuncture, like any other medical modality, is regulated at the state level, with each state formulating and enforcing its own laws and statutes over time. This article narrates the legislative process and major developments of the acupuncture profession in Minnesota, in the context of legislative developments across the country. It tells how this midsize, Midwest state’s acupuncture profession became regulated, and examines the challenges faced by the profession before and after state statutes were enacted. Minnesota stands as a representative example of the legislative process in other states.","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135963919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.1097/mc9.0000000000000069
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
{"title":"Collecting Knowledge about Medicinal Ingredients in Northwestern Sichuan in the 1950s: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/mc9.0000000000000069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mc9.0000000000000069","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.","PeriodicalId":52574,"journal":{"name":"中医药文化","volume":"485 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135158487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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