Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.24411/0869-6918-2020-10001
Catherine Malike Etongwe, Phougeishangbam Rolish Singh, W. Bert, S. Subbotin
Using morphological, morphometric and molecular analysis, eleven valid nematode species from nine genera: Amplimerlinius icarus, Criconema annuliferum, Criconemoides informis, Helicotylenchus varicaudatus, Hemicriconemoides pseudobrachyurus, Hemicycliophora thienemanni, Mesocriconema xenoplax, Paratylenchus bukowinensis, P. nanus, Rotylenchus montanus and R. robustus together with twelve unidentified species, were identified in samples collected from eighteen locations in Belgium. The unidentified species include six Paratylenchus species, one Helicotylenchus species, three criconematid species and two Rotylenchus species. A total of new partial 21 18S rRNA, 69 28S rRNA, 10 ITS rRNA and 51 COI mtDNA gene sequences were obtained and used for phylogenetic and sequence analysis. Short descriptions, morphometrics and light and scanning microscopic photos are presented for selected species. Based on the results of molecular analysis, Hemicriconemoides promissus syn. n. was proposed as a junior synonym of H. pseudobrachyurus.
{"title":"Molecular characterisation of some plant-parasitic nematodes (Nematoda: Tylenchida) from Belgium","authors":"Catherine Malike Etongwe, Phougeishangbam Rolish Singh, W. Bert, S. Subbotin","doi":"10.24411/0869-6918-2020-10001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24411/0869-6918-2020-10001","url":null,"abstract":"Using morphological, morphometric and molecular analysis, eleven valid nematode species from nine genera: Amplimerlinius icarus, Criconema annuliferum, Criconemoides informis, Helicotylenchus varicaudatus, Hemicriconemoides pseudobrachyurus, Hemicycliophora thienemanni, Mesocriconema xenoplax, Paratylenchus bukowinensis, P. nanus, Rotylenchus montanus and R. robustus together with twelve unidentified species, were identified in samples collected from eighteen locations in Belgium. The unidentified species include six Paratylenchus species, one Helicotylenchus species, three criconematid species and two Rotylenchus species. A total of new partial 21 18S rRNA, 69 28S rRNA, 10 ITS rRNA and 51 COI mtDNA gene sequences were obtained and used for phylogenetic and sequence analysis. Short descriptions, morphometrics and light and scanning microscopic photos are presented for selected species. Based on the results of molecular analysis, Hemicriconemoides promissus syn. n. was proposed as a junior synonym of H. pseudobrachyurus.","PeriodicalId":54446,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68935955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.24411/0869-6918-2020-10009
V. Oro, M. Tabaković
{"title":"Phylogeography of some European populations of the sugar beet cyst nematode","authors":"V. Oro, M. Tabaković","doi":"10.24411/0869-6918-2020-10009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24411/0869-6918-2020-10009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54446,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68935965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.24411/0869-6918-2018-10013
V. V. Yushin, V. Malakhov, M. Claeys, W. Bert
The immature spermatozoa stored in the testis and female postvulval uterine sac (PUS), and mature spermatozoa from the uterus of the free-living marine nematode Daptonema sp. (Monhysterida: Monhysterina: Xyalidae) were studied. The spermatozoa have a nucleus without a nuclear envelope. The central cytoplasm of the immature spermatozoa from the testis and the distal part of the PUS is occupied by a mass of pale fibrous bodies (FB) surrounded by mitochondria and osmiophilic membranous organelles (MO). The spermatozoa in the proximal half of PUS have a wide peripheral layer of electron lucent filamentous cytoplasm. The uterus lumen contains an aggregation of mature spermatozoa of which the periphery is transformed into pseudopods. The FB replaced by a voluminous electron-lucent halo bounded by a continuous layer of MO, mitochondria and fibrous matter. The MO may be intact, but numerous MO are fused with the plasma membrane, having been transformed into transparent pouches, each one opening to the exterior via a pore. Ultrastructural data showed that the activation is regulated in the female when spermatozoa migrate toward the uterus and transform into amoeboid mature spermatozoa. In general, the spermatozoa of Daptonema sp. and some other Monhysterina closely resemble those of the taxa belonging to the order Rhabditida. However, the `rhabditid' pattern of spermatozoon structure and development is most likely the plesiomorphic state in Rhabditida and close sister groups.
{"title":"The mature and immature spermatozoa of the free-living marine nematode Daptonema sp. (Nematoda: Monhysterida: Xyalidae)","authors":"V. V. Yushin, V. Malakhov, M. Claeys, W. Bert","doi":"10.24411/0869-6918-2018-10013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24411/0869-6918-2018-10013","url":null,"abstract":"The immature spermatozoa stored in the testis and female postvulval uterine sac (PUS), and mature spermatozoa from the uterus of the free-living marine nematode Daptonema sp. (Monhysterida: Monhysterina: Xyalidae) were studied. The spermatozoa have a nucleus without a nuclear envelope. The central cytoplasm of the immature spermatozoa from the testis and the distal part of the PUS is occupied by a mass of pale fibrous bodies (FB) surrounded by mitochondria and osmiophilic membranous organelles (MO). The spermatozoa in the proximal half of PUS have a wide peripheral layer of electron lucent filamentous cytoplasm. The uterus lumen contains an aggregation of mature spermatozoa of which the periphery is transformed into pseudopods. The FB replaced by a voluminous electron-lucent halo bounded by a continuous layer of MO, mitochondria and fibrous matter. The MO may be intact, but numerous MO are fused with the plasma membrane, having been transformed into transparent pouches, each one opening to the exterior via a pore. Ultrastructural data showed that the activation is regulated in the female when spermatozoa migrate toward the uterus and transform into amoeboid mature spermatozoa. In general, the spermatozoa of Daptonema sp. and some other Monhysterina closely resemble those of the taxa belonging to the order Rhabditida. However, the `rhabditid' pattern of spermatozoon structure and development is most likely the plesiomorphic state in Rhabditida and close sister groups.","PeriodicalId":54446,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68935511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.24411/0869-6918-2018-10004
A. Seid, C. Fininsa, T. Mekete, W. Wesemael, W. Decraemer
In tomato, the only commercially available source of resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKN) is the Mi-1 gene that confers resistance to Meloidogyne incognita, M javanica and M arenaria. However, its effectiveness was limited at higher soil temperatures. A study was initiated with the objective to check the durability of the potential resistance genes found in some tomato breeding lines after screening in controlled glasshouse conditions <= 27 degrees C by exposing them to higher soil temperatures at 28, 32 and 36 degrees C for 24 and 48 h periods. The aggressive Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations originally collected from Ethiopia were used. When seedlings reached the four-leaf stage, each tube was inoculated with 50 freshly (< 24 h) hatched infective second-stage juveniles (J2). Immediately after inoculation, the seedlings were exposed continuously for 24 and 48 h in a warm water bath at 28, 32 and 36 degrees C, respectively. A control was kept separately in ambient temperature (24 degrees C 2 degrees C). The external ambient temperature and the soil temperature inside the tube while in the water bath were simultaneously recorded using a TESTO data logger. Temperature, tomato breeding lines and time had a significant effect on the number of J2 of Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations that penetrated the roots. The utility of the potential resistance found in the breeding lines during the controlled growth chamber resistance screening experiment was limited at higher soil temperatures, especially at 32 and 36 degrees C. At 36 degrees C there was no significant difference found on the mean number of penetrated J2 of Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations inside the roots of all the tested breeding lines compared to 'Marmande' (a susceptible control) after 48 h of heat exposure after inoculation. More J2 were found in the roots of the tested breeding lines after 48 h compared to 24 h heat exposure after inoculation for each soil temperature level tested and for both populations of M incognita. It is clear from our observations that local tomato breeding lines with resistance potential can be used when soil temperatures remain below 32 degrees C. Differences were observed between breeding lines depending on the RKN population used at higher temperatures and this knowledge can help in further optimising the development of sustainable resistance under local Ethiopian circumstances.
在番茄中，唯一可获得的抗根结线虫(RKN)的商业来源是Mi-1基因，该基因赋予对未知根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、爪哇芽孢杆菌(M javanica)和沙芽孢杆菌(M arenaria)的抗性。然而，在较高的土壤温度下，其有效性受到限制。一项研究的目的是检查一些番茄育种品系中发现的潜在抗性基因在对照温室条件<= 27℃下筛选后的持久性，将它们暴露在28、32和36℃的较高土壤温度下24和48小时。使用了最初从埃塞俄比亚收集的具有侵略性的Jittu和Babile M incognita以及Jittu和Koka M javanica种群。当幼苗达到四叶期时，每根试管接种50只刚孵化(< 24 h)的侵染二期幼虫(J2)。接种后立即在28℃、32℃和36℃的温水浴中连续暴露24和48 h。对照组单独置于环境温度(24℃~ 2℃)中。使用TESTO数据记录仪同时记录水浴时管内的外部环境温度和土壤温度。温度、番茄育种品系和时间对吉图和巴比莱、吉图和爪哇卡种群渗透根部的J2数量有显著影响。在控制生长室抗性筛选试验中发现的选育品系的潜在抗性在较高的土壤温度下受到限制;特别是在32和36℃时，在36℃时，接种后48 h热暴露后，Jittu和Babile M incognita以及Jittu和Koka M javanica群体根内J2的平均穿透数与Marmande(敏感对照)相比无显著差异。在不同土壤温度水平下接种48 h后，与接种24 h后相比，在不同土壤温度水平下接种的两个群体的根中发现了更多的J2。从我们的观察中可以清楚地看出，当土壤温度低于32摄氏度时，可以使用具有抗性潜力的当地番茄选品系。根据在较高温度下使用的RKN种群的不同，可以观察到选品系之间的差异，这一知识可以帮助进一步优化埃塞俄比亚当地情况下可持续抗性的发展。
{"title":"Heat stability of resistance in selected tomato breeding lines against Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica populations under elevated soil temperatures","authors":"A. Seid, C. Fininsa, T. Mekete, W. Wesemael, W. Decraemer","doi":"10.24411/0869-6918-2018-10004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24411/0869-6918-2018-10004","url":null,"abstract":"In tomato, the only commercially available source of resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKN) is the Mi-1 gene that confers resistance to Meloidogyne incognita, M javanica and M arenaria. However, its effectiveness was limited at higher soil temperatures. A study was initiated with the objective to check the durability of the potential resistance genes found in some tomato breeding lines after screening in controlled glasshouse conditions <= 27 degrees C by exposing them to higher soil temperatures at 28, 32 and 36 degrees C for 24 and 48 h periods. The aggressive Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations originally collected from Ethiopia were used. When seedlings reached the four-leaf stage, each tube was inoculated with 50 freshly (< 24 h) hatched infective second-stage juveniles (J2). Immediately after inoculation, the seedlings were exposed continuously for 24 and 48 h in a warm water bath at 28, 32 and 36 degrees C, respectively. A control was kept separately in ambient temperature (24 degrees C 2 degrees C). The external ambient temperature and the soil temperature inside the tube while in the water bath were simultaneously recorded using a TESTO data logger. Temperature, tomato breeding lines and time had a significant effect on the number of J2 of Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations that penetrated the roots. The utility of the potential resistance found in the breeding lines during the controlled growth chamber resistance screening experiment was limited at higher soil temperatures, especially at 32 and 36 degrees C. At 36 degrees C there was no significant difference found on the mean number of penetrated J2 of Jittu and Babile M incognita and Jittu and Koka M javanica populations inside the roots of all the tested breeding lines compared to 'Marmande' (a susceptible control) after 48 h of heat exposure after inoculation. More J2 were found in the roots of the tested breeding lines after 48 h compared to 24 h heat exposure after inoculation for each soil temperature level tested and for both populations of M incognita. It is clear from our observations that local tomato breeding lines with resistance potential can be used when soil temperatures remain below 32 degrees C. Differences were observed between breeding lines depending on the RKN population used at higher temperatures and this knowledge can help in further optimising the development of sustainable resistance under local Ethiopian circumstances.","PeriodicalId":54446,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Nematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68935459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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