Pub Date : 2019-09-01Epub Date: 2019-11-25DOI: 10.1590/0101-60830000000212
Joshua Hyong-Jin Cho, Sara M Shu, Ariya Mahbod, Michael R Irwin
Background: Inflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of depression, and circulating inflammatory cytokines have been associated with depressive symptoms. However, measuring circulating cytokines have inherent methodological limitations. In vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated intracellular cytokines (ICCs) overcome these limitations. Furthermore, because psychosocial and physiological stressors activate inflammatory responses and LPS-stimulated ICCs reflect the inflammatory responsivity of monocytes to such stressors, ICCs may reflect individual stress responsivity.
Methods: This cross-sectional study examined whether LPS-stimulated expression of ICCs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is a sensitive inflammation measure correlated with depressive symptoms in 180 community-dwelling older adults. We tested correlations of not only intracellular but also circulating inflammatory markers with depressive symptoms assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Intracellular markers included expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and both in PBMCs. Circulating markers included IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in plasma.
Results: None of the correlations were statistically significant. However, in contrast to circulating markers, the correlations of ICCs were consistently in the expected direction, i.e., higher ICC expression correlating with higher depression severity.
Discussion: Despite the non-significant findings, further research is required for the evaluation of LPS-stimulated ICC expression as biomarkers of depressive symptoms.
{"title":"Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated intracellular cytokines and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"Joshua Hyong-Jin Cho, Sara M Shu, Ariya Mahbod, Michael R Irwin","doi":"10.1590/0101-60830000000212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of depression, and circulating inflammatory cytokines have been associated with depressive symptoms. However, measuring circulating cytokines have inherent methodological limitations. <i>In vitro</i> lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated intracellular cytokines (ICCs) overcome these limitations. Furthermore, because psychosocial and physiological stressors activate inflammatory responses and LPS-stimulated ICCs reflect the inflammatory responsivity of monocytes to such stressors, ICCs may reflect individual stress responsivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study examined whether LPS-stimulated expression of ICCs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is a sensitive inflammation measure correlated with depressive symptoms in 180 community-dwelling older adults. We tested correlations of not only intracellular but also circulating inflammatory markers with depressive symptoms assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Intracellular markers included expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and both in PBMCs. Circulating markers included IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in plasma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the correlations were statistically significant. However, in contrast to circulating markers, the correlations of ICCs were consistently in the expected direction, i.e., higher ICC expression correlating with higher depression severity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Despite the non-significant findings, further research is required for the evaluation of LPS-stimulated ICC expression as biomarkers of depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54467,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7943184/pdf/nihms-1674039.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25471304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-01DOI: 10.1590/0101-60830000000135
Vasco F J Cumbe, Andrea N Pala, António J P Palha, Ana R P Gaio, Manuel F Esteves, Jair de Jesus Mari, Milton Wainberg
Background: Burnout is a multidimensional syndrome and includes symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment at work. Oncology health care providers are at high risk to develop symptoms of burnout because of work-related stressors. Adaptive coping strategies adopted to deal with stressors may prevent the development of burnout.
Objective: The present study aims to assess the association between burnout, functional coping strategies, and occupational factors in a sample of oncology providers, mostly nurses.
Methods: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Problem Solving Inventory "Inventário de Resolução de Problemas" were administered. Descriptive, correlational, and linear regression analyses were performed.
Results: The study showed that emotional exhaustion correlated with lower levels of adaptive coping, less years of experience in Oncology, and a greater amount of hours worked per week. Personal accomplishment was associated with the adaptive coping strategies. No further statistically significant associations were identified.
Discussion: Our findings support the importance of adaptive coping strategies in order to prevent symptoms of burnout when health professionals face potentially stressful occupational factors. Training aimed at improving adaptive coping skills may prevent burnout syndrome for health care professionals working in Oncology.
背景:职业倦怠是一种多维综合征,包括情绪衰竭、人格解体和个人工作成就感降低等症状。由于与工作相关的压力,肿瘤医护人员是出现职业倦怠症状的高危人群。为应对压力而采取的适应性应对策略可预防职业倦怠的产生:本研究旨在评估肿瘤医护人员(主要是护士)倦怠、功能性应对策略和职业因素之间的关联:方法:采用社会人口调查问卷、马斯拉赫职业倦怠量表和问题解决量表 "Inventário de Resolução de Problemas"。研究进行了描述性分析、相关分析和线性回归分析:研究表明,情绪衰竭与较低的适应性应对水平、较少的肿瘤学工作年限和较多的每周工作时间相关。个人成就感与适应性应对策略相关。讨论:我们的研究结果支持了适应性应对策略的重要性:我们的研究结果表明,当医护人员面临潜在的职业压力因素时,适应性应对策略对于预防职业倦怠症状非常重要。旨在提高适应性应对技能的培训可预防肿瘤科医护人员的职业倦怠综合征。
{"title":"Burnout syndrome and coping strategies in Portuguese oncology health care providers.","authors":"Vasco F J Cumbe, Andrea N Pala, António J P Palha, Ana R P Gaio, Manuel F Esteves, Jair de Jesus Mari, Milton Wainberg","doi":"10.1590/0101-60830000000135","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0101-60830000000135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Burnout is a multidimensional syndrome and includes symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment at work. Oncology health care providers are at high risk to develop symptoms of burnout because of work-related stressors. Adaptive coping strategies adopted to deal with stressors may prevent the development of burnout.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aims to assess the association between burnout, functional coping strategies, and occupational factors in a sample of oncology providers, mostly nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Problem Solving Inventory \"<i>Inventário de Resolução de Problemas</i>\" were administered. Descriptive, correlational, and linear regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study showed that emotional exhaustion correlated with lower levels of adaptive coping, less years of experience in Oncology, and a greater amount of hours worked per week. Personal accomplishment was associated with the adaptive coping strategies. No further statistically significant associations were identified.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings support the importance of adaptive coping strategies in order to prevent symptoms of burnout when health professionals face potentially stressful occupational factors. Training aimed at improving adaptive coping skills may prevent burnout syndrome for health care professionals working in Oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54467,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6258179/pdf/nihms973094.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36735709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0101-60830000000027
Mark J Niciu, Daniel C Mathews, Dawn F Ionescu, Erica M Richards, Maura L Furey, Peixiong Yuan, Allison C Nugent, Ioline D Henter, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Carlos A Zarate
Background: Recently, surrogate neurobiological biomarkers that correlate with target engagement and therapeutic response have been developed and tested in early phase studies of mood disorders.
Objective: The identification of biomarkers could help develop personalized psychiatric treatments that may impact public health.
Methods: These biomarkers, which are associated with clinical response post-treatment, can be directly validated using multimodal approaches including genetic tools, proteomics/metabolomics, peripheral measures, neuroimaging, biostatistical predictors, and clinical predictors.
Results: To date, early phase biomarker studies have sought to identify measures that can serve as "biosignatures", or biological patterns of clinical response. These studies have also sought to identify clinical predictors and surrogate outcomes associated with pathophysiological domains consistently described in the National Institute of Mental Health's (NIMH) new Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). Using the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist ketamine as an example, we identified changes in several domains (clinical, cognitive, and neurophysiological) that predicted ketamine's rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar depression.
Discussion: These approaches may ultimately provide clues into the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders and may have enormous impact Backon the development of novel therapeutics.
背景:最近,与靶标参与和治疗反应相关的替代神经生物学生物标志物已经被开发出来,并在情绪障碍的早期研究中进行了测试。目的:鉴定生物标志物有助于开发个性化的精神病学治疗,可能影响公众健康。方法:这些与治疗后临床反应相关的生物标志物可以使用多种方法直接验证,包括遗传工具、蛋白质组学/代谢组学、外周测量、神经影像学、生物统计学预测因子和临床预测因子。结果:迄今为止,早期阶段的生物标志物研究已经试图确定可以作为“生物特征”的措施,或临床反应的生物学模式。这些研究还试图确定与国家精神卫生研究所(NIMH)新研究领域标准(RDoC)一致描述的病理生理领域相关的临床预测因素和替代结果。以n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸(NMDA)拮抗剂氯胺酮为例,我们确定了几个领域(临床、认知和神经生理)的变化,这些变化预测了氯胺酮对难治疗的重度抑郁症(MDD)或双相抑郁症患者的快速和持续的抗抑郁作用。讨论:这些方法可能最终为精神疾病的神经生物学提供线索,并可能对新疗法的发展产生巨大影响。
{"title":"Biomarkers in mood disorders research: developing new and improved therapeutics.","authors":"Mark J Niciu, Daniel C Mathews, Dawn F Ionescu, Erica M Richards, Maura L Furey, Peixiong Yuan, Allison C Nugent, Ioline D Henter, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Carlos A Zarate","doi":"10.1590/0101-60830000000027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, surrogate neurobiological biomarkers that correlate with target engagement and therapeutic response have been developed and tested in early phase studies of mood disorders.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The identification of biomarkers could help develop personalized psychiatric treatments that may impact public health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>These biomarkers, which are associated with clinical response post-treatment, can be directly validated using multimodal approaches including genetic tools, proteomics/metabolomics, peripheral measures, neuroimaging, biostatistical predictors, and clinical predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To date, early phase biomarker studies have sought to identify measures that can serve as \"biosignatures\", or biological patterns of clinical response. These studies have also sought to identify clinical predictors and surrogate outcomes associated with pathophysiological domains consistently described in the National Institute of Mental Health's (NIMH) new Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). Using the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist ketamine as an example, we identified changes in several domains (clinical, cognitive, and neurophysiological) that predicted ketamine's rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar depression.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These approaches may ultimately provide clues into the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders and may have enormous impact Backon the development of novel therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":54467,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/0101-60830000000027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33270340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}