A travel time estimation method presented in this study, takes an analytical form with parameters calibrated based on microscopic simulation data. The degree of congestion is defined by ratio of volume over capacity ( v/c ), aligned with current practice. The developed model is intended to be applied in travel demand models in which future intersection delays due to signal controls are difficult to estimate. The model has three advantages compared to traditional models. First, the model considers the signal effect for a variety of traffic volume combinations without requiring explicit signal data. Second, the model estimates delay for various link length based on delay spatial distribution along a link. Third, the model shows promise of improving accuracy of link travel time compared to existing models. The mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) of the model are comparable to or better than MAPE of uniform delay of the HCM 2000 method.
{"title":"A Travel Time Estimation Method for Planning Models Considering Signalized Intersections","authors":"Chenxi Lu, F. Zhao, M. Hadi","doi":"10.1061/41127(382)215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/41127(382)215","url":null,"abstract":"A travel time estimation method presented in this study, takes an analytical form with parameters calibrated based on microscopic simulation data. The degree of congestion is defined by ratio of volume over capacity ( v/c ), aligned with current practice. The developed model is intended to be applied in travel demand models in which future intersection delays due to signal controls are difficult to estimate. The model has three advantages compared to traditional models. First, the model considers the signal effect for a variety of traffic volume combinations without requiring explicit signal data. Second, the model estimates delay for various link length based on delay spatial distribution along a link. Third, the model shows promise of improving accuracy of link travel time compared to existing models. The mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) of the model are comparable to or better than MAPE of uniform delay of the HCM 2000 method.","PeriodicalId":54913,"journal":{"name":"Ite Journal-Institute of Transportation Engineers","volume":"49 1","pages":"1993-2000"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2010-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81167698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the relationship between driver sight distance and vehicle speed and crash rates at roundabouts. Data were collected at 26 single-lane roundabouts and models were developed that predicted the 85th percentile approach speed, 85th percentile entrance speed, and the difference between the 85th percentile approach and 85th percentile entrance speeds. Models were also developed to predict vehicle crash rates at roundabouts considering driver sight distance. The results from the models confirm that vehicle speeds and crashes at modern roundabouts are related to driver sight distance. Providing more than the minimum required sight distance can lead to higher speeds that reduce safety at roundabouts.
{"title":"The Influence of Driver Sight Distance on Crash Rates and Driver Speed at Modern Roundabouts in the United States","authors":"M. Angelastro","doi":"10.7282/T3251H8M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7282/T3251H8M","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the relationship between driver sight distance and vehicle speed and crash rates at roundabouts. Data were collected at 26 single-lane roundabouts and models were developed that predicted the 85th percentile approach speed, 85th percentile entrance speed, and the difference between the 85th percentile approach and 85th percentile entrance speeds. Models were also developed to predict vehicle crash rates at roundabouts considering driver sight distance. The results from the models confirm that vehicle speeds and crashes at modern roundabouts are related to driver sight distance. Providing more than the minimum required sight distance can lead to higher speeds that reduce safety at roundabouts.","PeriodicalId":54913,"journal":{"name":"Ite Journal-Institute of Transportation Engineers","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83532170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-01DOI: 10.1036/1097-8542.YB110193
K. Voigt, B. McCombs
Securing a sustainable future is one of the most significant challenges facing transportation professionals today. This article addresses what professionals can do to make a positive impact for future generations. Goals for transportation sustainability include reducing vehicle emissions and reducing vehicle miles of travel. Intelligent transportation system (ITS) technologies can be used to meet these goals. It is recommended that transportation professions increase the integration of ITS technologies in order to promote sustainability. Systems should be designed for all users and provide modal choices. Transportation professionals should also work with land use planners to create street systems that promote connectivity and reduce encouragement of urban sprawl. The Institute of Transportation Engineers is working on the development of a certification program similar to Leadership in Environmental Excellence in Design that would recognize and promote sustainability for transportation operations.
{"title":"Transportation's Role in Sustainability","authors":"K. Voigt, B. McCombs","doi":"10.1036/1097-8542.YB110193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.YB110193","url":null,"abstract":"Securing a sustainable future is one of the most significant challenges facing transportation professionals today. This article addresses what professionals can do to make a positive impact for future generations. Goals for transportation sustainability include reducing vehicle emissions and reducing vehicle miles of travel. Intelligent transportation system (ITS) technologies can be used to meet these goals. It is recommended that transportation professions increase the integration of ITS technologies in order to promote sustainability. Systems should be designed for all users and provide modal choices. Transportation professionals should also work with land use planners to create street systems that promote connectivity and reduce encouragement of urban sprawl. The Institute of Transportation Engineers is working on the development of a certification program similar to Leadership in Environmental Excellence in Design that would recognize and promote sustainability for transportation operations.","PeriodicalId":54913,"journal":{"name":"Ite Journal-Institute of Transportation Engineers","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85441839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reports on a study that was conducted to investigate the characteristics of student travel behaviors before the implementation of a Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program. It also seeks to identify the influential factors that affect the number of children who walk or bike to school. As part of the Florida SRTS program, a pilot survey was conducted for both students and parents in Hillsborough County, Florida before the program started. Student survey results showed that student demographic characteristics such as grade, gender, the number of children in the family, and the distance from home to school influence their travel mode to school. Parent's subjective opinions were also significantly associated with student's travel mode to school. Distance, intersection safety and weather/climate were considered affective on a parent's decision on whether to allow their child to walk or bike to school.
{"title":"Identifying factors affecting the number of students walking or biking to school","authors":"Huaguo Zhou, Jiguang Zhao, P. Hsu, J. Rouse","doi":"10.1061/40996(330)253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/40996(330)253","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on a study that was conducted to investigate the characteristics of student travel behaviors before the implementation of a Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program. It also seeks to identify the influential factors that affect the number of children who walk or bike to school. As part of the Florida SRTS program, a pilot survey was conducted for both students and parents in Hillsborough County, Florida before the program started. Student survey results showed that student demographic characteristics such as grade, gender, the number of children in the family, and the distance from home to school influence their travel mode to school. Parent's subjective opinions were also significantly associated with student's travel mode to school. Distance, intersection safety and weather/climate were considered affective on a parent's decision on whether to allow their child to walk or bike to school.","PeriodicalId":54913,"journal":{"name":"Ite Journal-Institute of Transportation Engineers","volume":"42 1","pages":"40-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2009-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75834466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study is reported which attempted to develop guidelines to aid traffic engineers in deciding whether permissive left-turn phasing is appropriate for use at a given location. A literature review was made, a survey of highway district traffic engineers was conducted to locate intersections with permissive phasing, and before-and-after accident data were collected. The results are given of the inventory and the accident analysis, and recommended guidelines are presented. It is noted that protected/permissive is the preferable method of left-turn phasing because of savings in time compared with protected-only phasing. However, there is an associated increase in accident potential, and conditions under which it should not be used are listed.
{"title":"GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF PROTECTED/PERMISSIVE LEFT-TURN PHASING","authors":"K. Agent","doi":"10.13023/KTC.RR.1985.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13023/KTC.RR.1985.19","url":null,"abstract":"A study is reported which attempted to develop guidelines to aid traffic engineers in deciding whether permissive left-turn phasing is appropriate for use at a given location. A literature review was made, a survey of highway district traffic engineers was conducted to locate intersections with permissive phasing, and before-and-after accident data were collected. The results are given of the inventory and the accident analysis, and recommended guidelines are presented. It is noted that protected/permissive is the preferable method of left-turn phasing because of savings in time compared with protected-only phasing. However, there is an associated increase in accident potential, and conditions under which it should not be used are listed.","PeriodicalId":54913,"journal":{"name":"Ite Journal-Institute of Transportation Engineers","volume":"38 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82429469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-06-01DOI: 10.1061/9780784480748.029
S. Fein
San Francisco International Airport is located in San Mateo County, fourteen miles south of downtown San Francisco, on the west shore of San Francisco Bay. The Bayshore Freeway (U. S. 101) provides access to the airport from the north and south, and Inter-state 380 connects route 101. Owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco, San Francisco International Airport (SFIA) is the eighth busiest airport in the world. On a typical day, 65,000 air passengers are processed through SFIA. A complex system of pedestrian and vehicular circulation is essential in order to handle all these travelers, plus thousands of well-wishers and welcomers, and 30,000 airport employees. Realizing that complete, accurate, and readily available information is one of the keys to inducing greater use of existing public transit services, Airport staff has helped to develop a user-interactive, computerized Ground Transportation Information System.
{"title":"SAN FRANCISCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT","authors":"S. Fein","doi":"10.1061/9780784480748.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784480748.029","url":null,"abstract":"San Francisco International Airport is located in San Mateo County, fourteen miles south of downtown San Francisco, on the west shore of San Francisco Bay. The Bayshore Freeway (U. S. 101) provides access to the airport from the north and south, and Inter-state 380 connects route 101. Owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco, San Francisco International Airport (SFIA) is the eighth busiest airport in the world. On a typical day, 65,000 air passengers are processed through SFIA. A complex system of pedestrian and vehicular circulation is essential in order to handle all these travelers, plus thousands of well-wishers and welcomers, and 30,000 airport employees. Realizing that complete, accurate, and readily available information is one of the keys to inducing greater use of existing public transit services, Airport staff has helped to develop a user-interactive, computerized Ground Transportation Information System.","PeriodicalId":54913,"journal":{"name":"Ite Journal-Institute of Transportation Engineers","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"1984-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81052343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1979-04-01DOI: 10.13023/KTC.RR.1979.519
K. Agent
In this study exclusive left-turn phasing was replaced with permissive left-turn phasing at four trial intersections. Intersection delay and accident studies were done before and after the trial installations. Also, a questionnaire was distributed to determine public opinion concerning the signal. Among the results of this study it was found that: permissive phasing at several locations in Lexington, Kentucky resulted in a 50 percent reduction in left-turn delay compared with exclusive phasing (total intersection delay was reduced 24 percent); permissive phasing resulted in an increase in accidents; questionnaire responses showed 90 percent of drivers in the area to be in favor of permissive left-turn phasing; signing to advise motorists of the meaning of permissive phasing is required; and advance publicity should precede installations.
{"title":"AN EVALUATION OF PERMISSIVE LEFT-TURN PHASING","authors":"K. Agent","doi":"10.13023/KTC.RR.1979.519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13023/KTC.RR.1979.519","url":null,"abstract":"In this study exclusive left-turn phasing was replaced with permissive left-turn phasing at four trial intersections. Intersection delay and accident studies were done before and after the trial installations. Also, a questionnaire was distributed to determine public opinion concerning the signal. Among the results of this study it was found that: permissive phasing at several locations in Lexington, Kentucky resulted in a 50 percent reduction in left-turn delay compared with exclusive phasing (total intersection delay was reduced 24 percent); permissive phasing resulted in an increase in accidents; questionnaire responses showed 90 percent of drivers in the area to be in favor of permissive left-turn phasing; signing to advise motorists of the meaning of permissive phasing is required; and advance publicity should precede installations.","PeriodicalId":54913,"journal":{"name":"Ite Journal-Institute of Transportation Engineers","volume":"97 1","pages":"16-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80548398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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