Pub Date : 2021-02-03DOI: 10.4236/OJST.2021.112006
Khaled Abubaker, Yuzhou Li, Sheng Yang
Background: The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess whether mini-implants have added benefit in terms of implants success rate and average bone loss over conventional-sized implants after one year of follow-up. Methods: An electronic search of randomized clinical trials was conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials (CENTRAL) and Web of Science for studies including complete or partial edentulous patients requiring two or four mini-implants or conventional/ standard-sized implants in the maxilla or mandible for implant-supported removable prostheses who completed 12 months of follow-up. Results: The search provided 194 unique articles which were screened for title and abstract. Screening generated 12 articles which went through full-text analysis using eligibility criteria, and 4 articles were included for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of these studies indicated a non-significant difference in the success rate between the two interventions (OR = 1.69 [0.74, 3.85; p = 0.21]). Bone loss estimates resulted in a significant bone reduction (Mean Difference = -0.74 [-0.95, -0.53; p - with two conventional-sized implants, the estimates were non-significant (Mean Difference = -0.24 [-0.69, 0.20; p = 0.29]). Conclusion: The current evidence does not provide solid evidence of the benefits of one intervention over the other. More studies with follow-up times of 10 and more years are needed as current studies have described the short-term outcomes.
背景：本荟萃分析的目的是评估一年随访后，与传统尺寸的植入物相比，小型植入物在植入成功率和平均骨丢失方面是否增加了益处。方法：在MEDLINE（通过PubMed）上进行随机临床试验的电子检索，Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials（Central）和Web of Science的研究，包括需要在上颌骨或下颌骨植入两个或四个迷你植入物或传统/标准尺寸植入物以用于植入物支持的可移除假体的完全或部分无牙患者，这些患者完成了12个月的随访。结果：搜索提供了194篇独特的文章，对其标题和摘要进行了筛选。筛选产生了12篇文章，这些文章使用资格标准进行了全文分析，4篇文章被纳入荟萃分析。这些研究的荟萃分析表明，两种干预措施的成功率无显著差异（OR=1.69[0.74，3.85；p=0.21]）。骨丢失估计值导致了显著的骨减少（平均差异=0.74[-0.95，-0.53；p-对于两种常规尺寸的植入物，估计值无显著性（平均差异=-0.24[-0.69，0.20；p=0.29]）。结论：目前的证据并不能提供一种干预措施相对于另一种干预的好处的确凿证据。由于目前的研究已经描述了短期结果，因此需要更多随访时间为10年或更长时间的研究。
{"title":"Comparison of Success Rate and Radiological Bone Loss in Patients with Mini-Implant versus Conventional-Sized Implant Removable Prostheses: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Khaled Abubaker, Yuzhou Li, Sheng Yang","doi":"10.4236/OJST.2021.112006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJST.2021.112006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess whether mini-implants have added benefit in terms of implants success rate and average bone loss over conventional-sized implants after one year of follow-up. Methods: An electronic search of randomized clinical trials was conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials (CENTRAL) and Web of Science for studies including complete or partial edentulous patients requiring two or four mini-implants or conventional/ standard-sized implants in the maxilla or mandible for implant-supported removable prostheses who completed 12 months of follow-up. Results: The search provided 194 unique articles which were screened for title and abstract. Screening generated 12 articles which went through full-text analysis using eligibility criteria, and 4 articles were included for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of these studies indicated a non-significant difference in the success rate between the two interventions (OR = 1.69 [0.74, 3.85; p = 0.21]). Bone loss estimates resulted in a significant bone reduction (Mean Difference = -0.74 [-0.95, -0.53; p - with two conventional-sized implants, the estimates were non-significant (Mean Difference = -0.24 [-0.69, 0.20; p = 0.29]). Conclusion: The current evidence does not provide solid evidence of the benefits of one intervention over the other. More studies with follow-up times of 10 and more years are needed as current studies have described the short-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48241581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-05DOI: 10.4236/OJST.2021.111002
A. Fukatsu, O. Tsuzukibashi, Hidenori Suzuk, Katsuhiro Asaka, Yoshinori Ono, M. Fuchigami, Taira Kobayashi, Satoshi Uchibori, Yuji Takahashi, C. Komine, Y. Konishi, Y. Ogura, H. Omori, M. Wakami, H. Murakami, M. Fukumoto
Recently, the incidence of Candida infections has substantially increased. Conventional identification methods for Candida species are technically difficult to conduct and cannot accurately distinguish each species. The purpose of the present study was to design primers to identify and detect simultaneously eight medically important Candida species using one-step multiplex PCR. PCR primers were designed based on partial sequences of intergenic spacer (IGS) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes of eight medically important Candida species. These primers were able to distinguish each Candida species and did not display cross-reactivity with representative Candida species other than the eight Candida species. Moreover, our developed one-step multiplex PCR method is accurate, specific, cost-effective, time-saving, and worked without requiring DNA extraction.
{"title":"One-Step Multiplex PCR for Simultaneous Detection and Identification of Eight Medically Important Candida Species","authors":"A. Fukatsu, O. Tsuzukibashi, Hidenori Suzuk, Katsuhiro Asaka, Yoshinori Ono, M. Fuchigami, Taira Kobayashi, Satoshi Uchibori, Yuji Takahashi, C. Komine, Y. Konishi, Y. Ogura, H. Omori, M. Wakami, H. Murakami, M. Fukumoto","doi":"10.4236/OJST.2021.111002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJST.2021.111002","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the incidence of Candida infections has substantially increased. Conventional identification methods for Candida species are technically difficult to conduct and cannot accurately distinguish each species. The purpose of the present study was to design primers to identify and detect simultaneously eight medically important Candida species using one-step multiplex PCR. PCR primers were designed based on partial sequences of intergenic spacer (IGS) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes of eight medically important Candida species. These primers were able to distinguish each Candida species and did not display cross-reactivity with representative Candida species other than the eight Candida species. Moreover, our developed one-step multiplex PCR method is accurate, specific, cost-effective, time-saving, and worked without requiring DNA extraction.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42472262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-05DOI: 10.4236/OJST.2021.111005
Em Kalala-Kazadi, Fidèle Nyimi-Bushabu, Hubert Ntumba-Mulumba, M. Brecx
Background: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease which is highly prevalent worldwide. The control of periodontal risk factor network is of paramount importance for the management of the disease. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and identify the factors associated with periodontitis in Congolese patients. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in four medical centers in the city of Kinshasa between April 2017 and April 2018. The study included patients aged at least 12 years old who consulted the dental services of these centers and who met the inclusion criteria. The participants underwent a structured interview and a clinical periodontal examination. The latter involved the entire dentition, and periodontal pocket and attachment level measurements were taken at six sites per tooth. The plaque and bleeding index were recorded. Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. The significance level was set at p 0.05. Results: The study included 827 patients and 42% of them had periodontitis. The most represented age group was between 20 and 29 years old. In multivariate analysis, age greater than or equal to 35 years, OR = 2.45 CI 95% (1.77 - 3.45), and the amount of plaque expressed as plaque index ≥ 1, OR = 2 CI 95% (1.31 - 3.07) were factors associated with periodontitis. Conclusion: Factors associated with periodontitis found in this study are age ≥35 years and the amount of plaque expressed as plaque index ≥ 1. The latter reveals the importance of good oral hygiene.
背景：牙周炎是一种多因素疾病，在世界范围内普遍存在。牙周危险因素网络的控制对疾病的管理至关重要。目的：本研究的目的是评估刚果患者牙周炎的发病率并确定与牙周炎相关的因素。材料和方法：这项横断面研究于2017年4月至2018年4月在金沙萨市的四个医疗中心进行。这项研究包括了至少12岁的患者，他们咨询了这些中心的牙科服务，并符合纳入标准。参与者接受了结构化访谈和临床牙周检查。后者涉及整个牙列，在每颗牙齿的六个部位进行牙周袋和附着水平测量。记录斑块和出血指数。Logistic回归用于确定相关因素。显著性水平设定为p 0.05。结果：该研究包括827名患者，其中42%患有牙周炎。最具代表性的年龄组在20至29岁之间。在多变量分析中，年龄大于或等于35岁，or=2.45 CI 95%（1.77-3.45），斑块数量表示为斑块指数≥1，or=2 CI 95%（1.31-3.07）是与牙周炎相关的因素。结论：本研究发现与牙周炎相关的因素是年龄≥35岁，斑块数量以斑块指数≥1表示。后者揭示了良好口腔卫生的重要性。
{"title":"Frequency and Factors Associated with Periodontitis in Congolese Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Em Kalala-Kazadi, Fidèle Nyimi-Bushabu, Hubert Ntumba-Mulumba, M. Brecx","doi":"10.4236/OJST.2021.111005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJST.2021.111005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease which is highly prevalent worldwide. The control of periodontal risk factor network is of paramount importance for the management of the disease. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and identify the factors associated with periodontitis in Congolese patients. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in four medical centers in the city of Kinshasa between April 2017 and April 2018. The study included patients aged at least 12 years old who consulted the dental services of these centers and who met the inclusion criteria. The participants underwent a structured interview and a clinical periodontal examination. The latter involved the entire dentition, and periodontal pocket and attachment level measurements were taken at six sites per tooth. The plaque and bleeding index were recorded. Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. The significance level was set at p 0.05. Results: The study included 827 patients and 42% of them had periodontitis. The most represented age group was between 20 and 29 years old. In multivariate analysis, age greater than or equal to 35 years, OR = 2.45 CI 95% (1.77 - 3.45), and the amount of plaque expressed as plaque index ≥ 1, OR = 2 CI 95% (1.31 - 3.07) were factors associated with periodontitis. Conclusion: Factors associated with periodontitis found in this study are age ≥35 years and the amount of plaque expressed as plaque index ≥ 1. The latter reveals the importance of good oral hygiene.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43899084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-05DOI: 10.4236/OJST.2021.111003
O. Diallo, A. Diallo, A. Conde, Thierno Abdourahmane Balde, Karamoko Alpha Diallo, G. Parker
Introduction: Cleft palate (CP) is a congenital dysmorphosis that results from a failure of the palatal processes of the maxillary buds and nasal septum to merge. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of complications of the modified Furlow technique and to evaluate its anatomical and functional outcomes. Materials and Method: This was a retrospective study that took place over a period of 4 years (from January 1st, 2015 to December 31th, 2018) in the Department of Odontostomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery at the National Hospital of Donka (Conakry, Guinea). Data retrieval consisted of records from patients operated on for cleft palate according to Furlow’s modified technique only. The operative technique consisted of marginal incisions of the cleft according to the technique of the double Z-plasty of Furlow. Subsequently, the defect created between the 2 flaps and the anterior edge of the cleft was filled by two fat masses of Bichat sutured to each other with Vicryl 3-0. Four years after surgery, the patients were recalled for an evaluation of the anatomical and functional results. Results: 13 patients underwent surgical loading according to the modified Furlow technique. The average age of the patients was 6.9 years with an age range of 7 months and 17 years. Females were the most affected, with 61.54% of cases and a sex ratio of 0.62. The primary repair rate was 84.61% of cases. Immediate operative follow-up was simple with epithelialization of the flaps in all patients. Four (4) years after the surgeries, 12 patients were reevaluated (92.30%), among them one case (8.33%) of fistula complication was noted. The mobility of the veil and the phonation were good in 85.71% and 60% respectively. Articular disorders with nasonation were found in 2 patients (16.67%). Swallowing was normal in 85.72% of cases. Conclusion: The modified Furlow technique is an important contribution to cleft palate surgery significantly reducing the occurrence of postoperative complications. However, the delay of the surgical operation remains a real obstacle for obtaining a normal phonation.
{"title":"Evaluation of Results of the Furlow’s Modified Technique in the Management of Cleft Palate in the Teaching Hospital of Conakry","authors":"O. Diallo, A. Diallo, A. Conde, Thierno Abdourahmane Balde, Karamoko Alpha Diallo, G. Parker","doi":"10.4236/OJST.2021.111003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJST.2021.111003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cleft palate (CP) is a congenital dysmorphosis that results from a failure of the palatal processes of the maxillary buds and nasal septum to merge. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of complications of the modified Furlow technique and to evaluate its anatomical and functional outcomes. Materials and Method: This was a retrospective study that took place over a period of 4 years (from January 1st, 2015 to December 31th, 2018) in the Department of Odontostomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery at the National Hospital of Donka (Conakry, Guinea). Data retrieval consisted of records from patients operated on for cleft palate according to Furlow’s modified technique only. The operative technique consisted of marginal incisions of the cleft according to the technique of the double Z-plasty of Furlow. Subsequently, the defect created between the 2 flaps and the anterior edge of the cleft was filled by two fat masses of Bichat sutured to each other with Vicryl 3-0. Four years after surgery, the patients were recalled for an evaluation of the anatomical and functional results. Results: 13 patients underwent surgical loading according to the modified Furlow technique. The average age of the patients was 6.9 years with an age range of 7 months and 17 years. Females were the most affected, with 61.54% of cases and a sex ratio of 0.62. The primary repair rate was 84.61% of cases. Immediate operative follow-up was simple with epithelialization of the flaps in all patients. Four (4) years after the surgeries, 12 patients were reevaluated (92.30%), among them one case (8.33%) of fistula complication was noted. The mobility of the veil and the phonation were good in 85.71% and 60% respectively. Articular disorders with nasonation were found in 2 patients (16.67%). Swallowing was normal in 85.72% of cases. Conclusion: The modified Furlow technique is an important contribution to cleft palate surgery significantly reducing the occurrence of postoperative complications. However, the delay of the surgical operation remains a real obstacle for obtaining a normal phonation.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49138035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-05DOI: 10.4236/OJST.2021.111004
Takamichi Yamada, Kei Ogawa, Takehiko Shimizu
Masticatory hypofunction and soft food affect the tooth rows, occlusion, and jawbone. This study aimed to clarify the influence of tooth loss and a soft diet on morphology of the tooth root during the growth period. We divided 3-week-old Wistar rats into the following three groups: Hard diet group (rats raised on solid standard diet), Powder diet group (rats raised on powdered standard feed diet), and Extraction group (rats raised on powdered standard diet with maxillary molars extraction). Length, width, cross-sectional area, and volume of the root of the mandibular M1 and M2 were measured using micro-CT analysis. Non-decalcified thin-slice specimens of sagittal sections of the M1 were obtained at the age of 20 weeks, and the roots were observed. The root length of all roots in the Extraction group was significantly longer than that in the other groups. The root width and cross-sectional area at the apical side 1/4 of all roots in the Extraction group were significantly smaller than those in the other groups. The root volume of the M1 mesial root in the Extraction group was significantly smaller than that in the other groups. This study clarified that when masticatory stimulus in the immature teeth is reduced by the extraction of opposing teeth and a powder diet, the root length increases due to the promotion of cellular cementum addition at the apex, and the root width and cross-sectional area decrease due to the suppression of cellular cementum addition at the apical side 1/4 of the roots.
{"title":"Loss of Masticatory Function Affects Morphology of the Tooth Root in Rats","authors":"Takamichi Yamada, Kei Ogawa, Takehiko Shimizu","doi":"10.4236/OJST.2021.111004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJST.2021.111004","url":null,"abstract":"Masticatory hypofunction and soft food affect the tooth rows, occlusion, and jawbone. This study aimed to clarify the influence of tooth loss and a soft diet on morphology of the tooth root during the growth period. We divided 3-week-old Wistar rats into the following three groups: Hard diet group (rats raised on solid standard diet), Powder diet group (rats raised on powdered standard feed diet), and Extraction group (rats raised on powdered standard diet with maxillary molars extraction). Length, width, cross-sectional area, and volume of the root of the mandibular M1 and M2 were measured using micro-CT analysis. Non-decalcified thin-slice specimens of sagittal sections of the M1 were obtained at the age of 20 weeks, and the roots were observed. The root length of all roots in the Extraction group was significantly longer than that in the other groups. The root width and cross-sectional area at the apical side 1/4 of all roots in the Extraction group were significantly smaller than those in the other groups. The root volume of the M1 mesial root in the Extraction group was significantly smaller than that in the other groups. This study clarified that when masticatory stimulus in the immature teeth is reduced by the extraction of opposing teeth and a powder diet, the root length increases due to the promotion of cellular cementum addition at the apex, and the root width and cross-sectional area decrease due to the suppression of cellular cementum addition at the apical side 1/4 of the roots.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43535300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojst.2021.119032
Hidenori Suzuki, O. Tsuzukibashi, A. Fukatsu
We established a novel identification method for oral Rothia species using one-step multiplex PCR analysis to investigate whether the monitoring of oral Rothia species levels is useful for peri-implantitis risk assessment, and to examine the oxygen concentration that these organisms need for growth in vitro. The mean number and proportion of Rothia aeria in peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) samples was significantly higher in the healthy implant group than in the peri-implantitis group (P < 0.05). Moreover, R. aeria under aerobic conditions vigorously grew compared with those under anaerobic conditions, and this organism grew only at the upper layer where high oxygen concentrations existed in a semi-liquid nutrient medium. Therefore, the monitoring of R. aeria levels may be suitable as an indicator of healthy peri-implant tissue conditions for the prevention of peri-implantitis.
{"title":"Health Indicator Bacteria That Is Useful for Risk Assessment of Peri-Implantitis","authors":"Hidenori Suzuki, O. Tsuzukibashi, A. Fukatsu","doi":"10.4236/ojst.2021.119032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojst.2021.119032","url":null,"abstract":"We established a novel identification method for oral Rothia species using one-step multiplex PCR analysis to investigate whether the monitoring of oral Rothia species levels is useful for peri-implantitis risk assessment, and to examine the oxygen concentration that these organisms need for growth in vitro. The mean number and proportion of Rothia aeria in peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) samples was significantly higher in the healthy implant group than in the peri-implantitis group (P < 0.05). Moreover, R. aeria under aerobic conditions vigorously grew compared with those under anaerobic conditions, and this organism grew only at the upper layer where high oxygen concentrations existed in a semi-liquid nutrient medium. Therefore, the monitoring of R. aeria levels may be suitable as an indicator of healthy peri-implant tissue conditions for the prevention of peri-implantitis.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Oral lesions observed in Chewing Tobacco (CT) consumers are histological alterations caused by direct contact with the tissues of the oral cavity. The objectives of this study were to determine the socio-demographic status of consumers and describe the clinical characteristics of the oral lesions observed. Material and Method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study last-ing 12 months (January 2017 to January 2018), in the prefectures of Kankan and Siguiri as a framework. Individuals who use chewing tobacco and whose oral examination revealed oral lesions were included in this study. Results: The frequency of oral lesions induced by the consumption of chewing tobacco was 90%. Dental pain was the most cited reason for using CT by respondents, i.e., 25.41%. The most concerned age group was that of 50 - 64 years or 23.81 with a male predominance of 84.13% (n = 53). A number of 61 respondents came from rural areas. Farmers were the predominant socio-professional group, i.e., 63.49% (n = 40). In 60.32% (n = 38) of respondents, the duration of CT consumption was greater than 10 years. Black villous tongues followed by neoplastic ulcerations were the most common oral lesions with 32 (50.79%) and 14 (22.22%) cases, respectively. The site of the lesion was the tongue
{"title":"Oral Lesions Observed in Tobacco Consumers: Socio-Demographical and Clinical Aspects in the Prefectures of Kankan and Siguiri Republic of Guinea","authors":"Diallo Oumar Raphiou, Conde Alhassane, Diallo Ibrahim, Baldé Mamadou Aliou","doi":"10.4236/ojst.2021.1111039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojst.2021.1111039","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oral lesions observed in Chewing Tobacco (CT) consumers are histological alterations caused by direct contact with the tissues of the oral cavity. The objectives of this study were to determine the socio-demographic status of consumers and describe the clinical characteristics of the oral lesions observed. Material and Method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study last-ing 12 months (January 2017 to January 2018), in the prefectures of Kankan and Siguiri as a framework. Individuals who use chewing tobacco and whose oral examination revealed oral lesions were included in this study. Results: The frequency of oral lesions induced by the consumption of chewing tobacco was 90%. Dental pain was the most cited reason for using CT by respondents, i.e., 25.41%. The most concerned age group was that of 50 - 64 years or 23.81 with a male predominance of 84.13% (n = 53). A number of 61 respondents came from rural areas. Farmers were the predominant socio-professional group, i.e., 63.49% (n = 40). In 60.32% (n = 38) of respondents, the duration of CT consumption was greater than 10 years. Black villous tongues followed by neoplastic ulcerations were the most common oral lesions with 32 (50.79%) and 14 (22.22%) cases, respectively. The site of the lesion was the tongue","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4236/OJST.2021.115015
N. Al-Tairi, Jabr Atiq Al-Radom
Although maxillofacial fractures are not as common in children as in adults, trauma is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. The aim of this study was to review the pattern and prevalence of pediatric maxillofacial fractures in a sample of the Yemeni population aged 18 years and below. A retrospective analysis of patient records and radiographs was conducted for the 4 year period between June 2016 and October 2020. A total of 71 patients had 87 fractures divided into three age groups, i.e., preschool group (0 - 6 years), primary school group (7 - 12 years) and teenage group (13 - 18 years). The male to female ratio was 2.38:1 and the highest incidence occurred in the age group 13 to 18 years. The main etiological factor was road traffic accidents (RTA), however, falls were the primary etiology in the preschool age group. We conclude that maxillofacial trauma in pediatric patients is associated mainly with RTA and fall and; the mandible is more affected than other maxillofacial structures with the condyle being the most frequently fractured mandibular site.
{"title":"Prevalence and Etiology of Pediatric Maxillofacial Fractures in a Group of Yemeni Children and Adolescents","authors":"N. Al-Tairi, Jabr Atiq Al-Radom","doi":"10.4236/OJST.2021.115015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJST.2021.115015","url":null,"abstract":"Although maxillofacial fractures are not as common in children as in adults, trauma is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. The aim of this study was to review the pattern and prevalence of pediatric maxillofacial fractures in a sample of the Yemeni population aged 18 years and below. A retrospective analysis of patient records and radiographs was conducted for the 4 year period between June 2016 and October 2020. A total of 71 patients had 87 fractures divided into three age groups, i.e., preschool group (0 - 6 years), primary school group (7 - 12 years) and teenage group (13 - 18 years). The male to female ratio was 2.38:1 and the highest incidence occurred in the age group 13 to 18 years. The main etiological factor was road traffic accidents (RTA), however, falls were the primary etiology in the preschool age group. We conclude that maxillofacial trauma in pediatric patients is associated mainly with RTA and fall and; the mandible is more affected than other maxillofacial structures with the condyle being the most frequently fractured mandibular site.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojst.2021.1111038
Fnu Namrata, Z. Loewy
The U.S. has experienced very high numbers of positive COVID-19 cases, along with high unemployment rates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Simi-larly, on a global level, the pandemic has resulted in an increase in the unemployment rate, loss of insurance and an overall adverse social impact. In the social sector, there has been a huge gap in supply and demand; this has been especially apparent in the healthcare industry. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant negative impact on high-contact industries, including denti-stry. Causative factors have included social distancing, shortage of healthcare professionals and loss of insurance due to unemployment. The result has been a void in preventative oral health services. Limited information on the disproportionate access to oral healthcare, due to the increase in unemployment and corresponding loss of insurance during the COVID-19 pandemic is availa-ble. This study was designed to investigate the disparities in access to oral healthcare amidst the global economic crisis and rise in unemployment.
{"title":"Disparities in Oral Healthcare Access Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Fnu Namrata, Z. Loewy","doi":"10.4236/ojst.2021.1111038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojst.2021.1111038","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. has experienced very high numbers of positive COVID-19 cases, along with high unemployment rates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Simi-larly, on a global level, the pandemic has resulted in an increase in the unemployment rate, loss of insurance and an overall adverse social impact. In the social sector, there has been a huge gap in supply and demand; this has been especially apparent in the healthcare industry. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant negative impact on high-contact industries, including denti-stry. Causative factors have included social distancing, shortage of healthcare professionals and loss of insurance due to unemployment. The result has been a void in preventative oral health services. Limited information on the disproportionate access to oral healthcare, due to the increase in unemployment and corresponding loss of insurance during the COVID-19 pandemic is availa-ble. This study was designed to investigate the disparities in access to oral healthcare amidst the global economic crisis and rise in unemployment.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojst.2021.1111041
S. Adam, H. Sama, E. Pegbessou, Yao Messanvi Akpoto, P. Agoda, W. Foma, Haréfétéguéna Bissa, B. Amana, M. Djibril, E. Boko, E. Kpemissi
Introduction: Malignant skin tumors are very frequent lesions, induced by sustained sun exposure. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a dangerous cancer of the skin. It’s more frequent in white people than black people. Squamous cell carcinomas sometimes pose a real problem of local reconstruction after their removal. Reconstructions may involve the production of regional pe-dunculated flaps to repair the loss of substance. We report the case of a la-bio-jugal squamous cell carcinoma in an HIV-positive patient. The excision of the tumor required repair by a CT scan did not note any regional tumor invasion. We indicated tumor excision, functional lymph node dissection, and reconstruction by a flap of the pectoralis major muscle. The operative procedure was performed under general anesthesia. The edge cuts after carcinoma removal were healthy. Three months later, the patient is seen again with a local right submandibular recurrence. Radiotherapy was offered to him. Discussion: Squamous cell carcinomas are frequent in sub-Saharan Africa with preferential localization to oropharynx and oral cavity. More and more viral infections such as HIV, HBV and HCV are implicated in the occurrence of squamous cell carcinomas of the ENT and neck and facial sphere. HIV appears to be a contributing factor in young populations. Multidisciplinary management with anti-infective treatment coupled with new therapies could reduce the risk of recurrence and me-tastases.
{"title":"Labio-Jugal Squamous Cell Carcinoma on HIV Site: Surgical Excision and Reconstruction with a Musculocutaneous Flap of the Pectoralis Major: A Case Report","authors":"S. Adam, H. Sama, E. Pegbessou, Yao Messanvi Akpoto, P. Agoda, W. Foma, Haréfétéguéna Bissa, B. Amana, M. Djibril, E. Boko, E. Kpemissi","doi":"10.4236/ojst.2021.1111041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojst.2021.1111041","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Malignant skin tumors are very frequent lesions, induced by sustained sun exposure. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a dangerous cancer of the skin. It’s more frequent in white people than black people. Squamous cell carcinomas sometimes pose a real problem of local reconstruction after their removal. Reconstructions may involve the production of regional pe-dunculated flaps to repair the loss of substance. We report the case of a la-bio-jugal squamous cell carcinoma in an HIV-positive patient. The excision of the tumor required repair by a CT scan did not note any regional tumor invasion. We indicated tumor excision, functional lymph node dissection, and reconstruction by a flap of the pectoralis major muscle. The operative procedure was performed under general anesthesia. The edge cuts after carcinoma removal were healthy. Three months later, the patient is seen again with a local right submandibular recurrence. Radiotherapy was offered to him. Discussion: Squamous cell carcinomas are frequent in sub-Saharan Africa with preferential localization to oropharynx and oral cavity. More and more viral infections such as HIV, HBV and HCV are implicated in the occurrence of squamous cell carcinomas of the ENT and neck and facial sphere. HIV appears to be a contributing factor in young populations. Multidisciplinary management with anti-infective treatment coupled with new therapies could reduce the risk of recurrence and me-tastases.","PeriodicalId":56569,"journal":{"name":"口腔学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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