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2020 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials (ISEIM)最新文献

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Conduction Phenomena of AC- and DC-XLPE Analyzed by Q(t) Method 用Q(t)法分析交、直流交联聚乙烯的导电现象
Pub Date : 2020-09-13 DOI: 10.1541/ieejfms.141.584
Y. Sekiguchi, Kohei Hosomizu, T. Yamazaki
Relaxation time τ (=ε/k) is one of the important dielectric properties, and the τ can be obtained by Q(t) method with an relatively simple treatment. The procedure of the consideration to obtain τ, and measurement results of AC- and DC-XLPE are shown in this article. To consider τ efficiently and effectively, a parameter “charge ratio” was introduced. The charge ratio means a ratio of Q(tm) which is a charge amount Q(t) at a certain measurement time tm and Q(0) which is an initial rise of voltage application, that is Q(tm)/Q(0). The obtained τ is 300 s for AC-XLPE and more than 28800 s (8 h) for DC-XLPE at 60°C under 60 kV/mm.
弛豫时间τ (=ε/k)是重要的介电性质之一,可以用相对简单的Q(t)方法得到。本文给出了计算τ的过程,以及交流和直流xlpe的测量结果。为了有效地考虑τ,引入了“电荷比”参数。电荷比是指在一定测量时间tm下的电荷量Q(t) Q(tm)与施加电压的初始上升Q(0)之比,即Q(tm)/Q(0)。在60℃、60 kV/mm条件下,AC-XLPE的τ为300 s, DC-XLPE的τ大于28800 s (8 h)。
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引用次数: 1
Surface and Internal Charge Measurement in Fluorinated Polymer Irradiated by Electron Using Non-contact Type PEA Method Measurement Apparatus 用非接触式PEA法测量电子辐照氟化聚合物表面和内部电荷
Pub Date : 2020-09-13 DOI: 10.1541/ieejfms.141.665
Kaisei Enoki, Kazuki Endo, H. Miyake, Y. Tanaka
Spacecrafts are exposed by the radioactive rays, such as high energy electrons and protons, plasma. The surface insulating materials of spacecraft are charged because of exposing by such high energy charged particles. This charging phenomenon is the origin of the electrostatic discharge and may lead to the fatal error of those operations. For the improving the reliability of spacecraft operation, we should understand charge accumulation phenomena based on the real surface condition. Therefore, our grope and other researchers have tried to develop systems to measure the surface and bulk charges of materials. As the results, we developed new space charge measurement equipment using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method. That system can apply the pulsed electric filed to the sample through the vacuum gap using a grid electrode located 125 μm above the sample. Electrons through the grid electrode to the sample. Therefore, this apparatus can measure the surface and internal charge accumulation in the bulk of materials. Although we had measured only internal charge accumulation by the conventional PEA method, we obtained a seamless charge profile from the surface to internal of the sample by such newly developed system. In this report, we measured space charge distribution in the fluorinated materials by above developed system under electron irradiation. We found the following results. The negative charge accumulation distributed from the irradiation surface to penetration depth in the bulk. The amount of irradiated electrons accumulation was more than 30 times as much as the results obtained by a conventional measurement system. From those results, the space charge distribution has been able to measure under conditions consistent with close to actual use.
航天器暴露在放射性射线中,如高能电子和质子、等离子体。航天器表面绝缘材料由于受到高能带电粒子的照射而带电。这种充电现象是静电放电的根源,并可能导致那些操作的致命错误。为了提高航天器运行的可靠性,我们必须根据实际的表面状况来了解电荷积累现象。因此,我们的团队和其他研究人员一直在努力开发测量材料表面电荷和体积电荷的系统。为此,我们研制了一种新型脉冲电声(PEA)空间电荷测量装置。该系统可以利用位于样品上方125 μm的栅极通过真空间隙将脉冲电场施加到样品上。电子通过栅极到达样品。因此,该仪器可以测量大块材料的表面和内部电荷积累。虽然我们用传统的PEA方法只测量了内部电荷积累,但我们用这种新开发的系统获得了从样品表面到内部的无缝电荷分布。本文利用上述系统在电子辐照下测量了含氟材料的空间电荷分布。我们发现了以下结果。负电荷积累在体中由辐照面向穿透深度分布。辐照电子积累量是传统测量系统的30倍以上。从这些结果中,可以测量出与实际使用条件相一致的空间电荷分布。
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引用次数: 2
Dielectrophoretic Devices Fabricated by Proton Beam Writing for Concentration, Assembly, and Detection of Nanoparticles 质子束写入制备用于纳米颗粒浓缩、组装和检测的介电装置
Pub Date : 2020-09-13 DOI: 10.1541/ieejfms.141.574
Toshiki Kimura, Ryousuke Kawashima, Ken Yamamoto, S. Uchida, Y. Ishii, H. Nishikawa
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a phenomenon with directional movement of micro particles due to the DEP force under uneven AC electric field. We utilize polymer surface with microstructures such as μm-scale pit arrays for DEP devices to assemble or concentrate nanoparticles. For micro-structuring of the polymer such as PMMA with thickness of 5–10 μm, we applied proton beam writing (PBW) which is a direct-write lithographic technique for high-aspect ratio microstructures of polymeric materials such as PMMA and epoxy resin. Pit arrays such as 5 x 5 arrays of circular pits with diameter of 5 μm on the 5–10 μm thick PMMA. We were able to demonstrate collection and assembly of gold and Ag nanoparticles (diameter of 100 to 250 nm) on the PMMA pit arrays from the colloidal suspension of the metallic nanoparticles in water. The DEP experiments were performed with the amplitude (10–20 V) and frequency (1–100 kHz) of applied ac voltages with additional dc offset voltage of less than 1V. We also discuss possible application of this technique to the detection of micro and nanoparticles such as plastics, dielectrics and metals in environmental water.
介质电泳(DEP)是在不均匀的交流电场作用下,由于DEP力的作用,微粒子发生定向运动的现象。我们利用具有微米级凹坑阵列等微结构的聚合物表面用于DEP器件组装或浓缩纳米粒子。对于厚度为5-10 μm的聚合物(如PMMA)的微结构,我们采用了质子束刻写(PBW)技术,这是一种用于PMMA和环氧树脂等聚合物材料的高纵横比微结构的直写光刻技术。凹坑阵列,如5 × 5直径为5 μm的圆形凹坑阵列,在5 ~ 10 μm厚的PMMA上。我们能够演示金纳米粒子和银纳米粒子(直径为100到250纳米)在PMMA坑阵列上的收集和组装,这些纳米粒子来自于水中的金属纳米粒子的胶体悬浮液。DEP实验在施加交流电压的幅度(10-20 V)和频率(1-100 kHz)下进行,外加直流偏置电压小于1V。我们还讨论了该技术在环境水中塑料、电介质和金属等微粒子和纳米粒子检测中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Breakdown Characteristics of Cone-type ε-FGM Spacer for Gas Insulated Switchgears 气体绝缘开关柜用锥形ε-FGM隔片击穿特性
Pub Date : 2020-09-13 DOI: 10.1541/ieejfms.141.546
Yusaku Miyazaki, Atsuhiro Izu, Zhao-yan Liang, H. Kojima, H. Masui, H. Mitsudome, H. Yanase, K. Okamoto, Keiji Watanabe, K. Kato, N. Hayakawa
For the downsizing of gas insulated switchgears (GIS), a novel electric field grading technique is highly expected. In order to meet this demand, we have been investigating the electric field control and relaxation technique by “functionally graded materials” with the spatial distribution of permittivity (ε-FGM). In this paper, we fabricated the 1/4-sized cone-type ε-FGM spacer for 245 kV-class GIS and verified its breakdown voltage improvement effect by both experiment and simulation.
为了实现气体绝缘开关设备的小型化,一种新的电场分级技术被寄予厚望。为了满足这一需求,我们一直在研究利用介电常数(ε-FGM)空间分布的“功能梯度材料”的电场控制和弛豫技术。本文制作了用于245 kv级GIS的1/4尺寸锥形ε-FGM隔震片,并通过实验和仿真验证了其提高击穿电压的效果。
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引用次数: 5
Insulation Performance of Safety-Related Electrical Penetrations for Pressurized Water Reactors under Simulated Severe Accident Conditions 模拟严重事故条件下压水堆安全相关电侵彻的绝缘性能
Pub Date : 2020-09-13 DOI: 10.1541/ieejfms.141.552
Watanabe Aiki, Ikeda Masaaki, Minakawa Takefumi, H. Naoshi, Ohki Yoshimichi
Electrical penetrations (EPs) in nuclear power plants play important roles in keeping a primary containment vessel airtight and in connecting electrical cables from the inside to the outside. Safety-related EPs, which are categorized as “severe-accident (SA) equipment,” are required to maintain their intended functions under various SA environmental conditions after having been aged under the normal operating conditions throughout their service lives. To investigate the insulation performance of EPs in a SA environment, we tested two EPs that are equivalent to those used in pressurized water reactors in Japan. One EP specimen was pre-aged in a concurrent thermal and radiation environment at 100°C and 100 Gy/h for several thousand hours to simulate the degradation induced during the designated service period. The other EP specimen was used without pre-aging. To simulate the degradation induced by radiation during a SA, the EPs were irradiated with gamma rays to a total dose of 500 kGy at a dose rate of 7 kGy/h. Subsequently, the EP specimens were exposed to saturated steam at 155°C and 0.45 MPaG for 168 h. The electrical insulation resistance between the insulated cores of cables in each EP specimen were monitored during the steam exposure. The minimum insulation resistances that we measured during the steam exposure for EP specimens with and without the pre-aging are about 109 and 108Ω, respectively, confirming that they retain sufficiently good insulation performance.
核电厂的电穿透(EPs)在保持主安全壳的密闭性和从内部到外部连接电缆方面发挥着重要作用。被归类为“严重事故(SA)设备”的安全相关EPs,在其整个使用寿命期间,在正常使用条件下老化,并在各种SA环境条件下保持其预期功能。为了研究EPs在SA环境中的绝缘性能,我们测试了两个相当于日本压水堆中使用的EPs。一个EP试样在100℃、100 Gy/h的热辐射同步环境中预时效几千小时,以模拟在指定的使用期间引起的降解。另一种EP试样未经预时效处理。为了模拟SA期间辐射引起的降解,以7 kGy/h的剂量率辐照总剂量为500 kGy的EPs。随后,将EP试样在155℃、0.45 MPaG的饱和蒸汽中暴露168 h。在蒸汽暴露期间,监测每个EP试样中电缆绝缘芯线之间的绝缘电阻。我们在蒸汽暴露期间测量的预老化和未预老化EP试样的最小绝缘电阻分别约为109和108Ω,证实它们保持了足够好的绝缘性能。
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引用次数: 2
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2020 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials (ISEIM)
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