Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.123016
A. Mayo
{"title":"Precipitation Cycles Relative to Storm Tracks, ENSO and PDO, and Drought—Continental Interior Central Western USA","authors":"A. Mayo","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.123016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.123016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70503743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.121005
Nyakundi Victor, Plal Eric, Kandu Kyeba
{"title":"The Risk of Flooding to Architecture and Infrastructure amidst a Changing Climate in Lake Baringo, Kenya","authors":"Nyakundi Victor, Plal Eric, Kandu Kyeba","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.121005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.121005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70503935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.121006
M. Ali, Md. Ashraful Islam Khan, M. Baten, Hafsa Jahan Hiya, M. Farukh, Shuvojit Sarkar
{"title":"Reclamation of Coastal Soil Salinity towards Sustainable Rice Production and Mitigating Global Warming Potentials in the Changing Climate","authors":"M. Ali, Md. Ashraful Islam Khan, M. Baten, Hafsa Jahan Hiya, M. Farukh, Shuvojit Sarkar","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.121006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.121006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70503946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.122013
I. B. Yonah, Philemon Henry King’uza, L. Chang’a, Mecklina Merchades Babyegeye, H. Mahoo, A. Kijazi
{"title":"The Inter-Annual Variability of Rainfall Onset and Its Implication on Crop Planting in Selected East Africa Countries","authors":"I. B. Yonah, Philemon Henry King’uza, L. Chang’a, Mecklina Merchades Babyegeye, H. Mahoo, A. Kijazi","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.122013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.122013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70504063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.123015
M. Raghuvanshi, R. K. Sawal, Stanzin Landol, Ngawang Dorje, L. Pandey, Spalbar Enoch, M. Raza, A. Saxena
{"title":"Invasive Common Reed (<i>Phragmites australis</i> (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.): A Serious Ecological Threat to Ladakh Tethys Himalayan Biodiversity in Changing Climate","authors":"M. Raghuvanshi, R. K. Sawal, Stanzin Landol, Ngawang Dorje, L. Pandey, Spalbar Enoch, M. Raza, A. Saxena","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.123015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.123015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70504120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.124023
Willy Noah Melingui, Ahmat Tom, Oumarou Hamandjoda
The lack of synergy between infrastructure financing mechanisms and mechanisms for combating climate change does not favor the definition of sustainable infrastructure in Cameroon. The definition of a sustainable infrastructure could meet the requirements of these mechanisms, thanks to the control of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions during its installation, in relation to a predefined value. However, the promotion of efforts to reduce emissions from new infrastructures is not subject to a local market. This situation is a limit in the implementation of the policies defined in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). This article proposes a framework for promoting reduction efforts for a national carbon market, in favor of hydroelectric infrastructures. Thanks to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) environmental assessment tool, we are going to determine the carbon quota for a specific power. The study carried out on the hydroelectric power station of Mekin (HydroMekin) leads us to a reduction effort of 68.2% compared to the threshold defined at 14.057 gCO2eq/kWhe. The framework, developed, contributes to defining the environmental parameters in the decarbonation strategy during the implementation of new hydroelectric infrastructures and the market carbon design elements special to the construction phase of these infrastructures.
{"title":"Allowance of the Emission Quota Using Life Cycle Assessment for the Creation of a National Carbon Market: Framework Developed for Hydroelectric Projects in Cameroon","authors":"Willy Noah Melingui, Ahmat Tom, Oumarou Hamandjoda","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.124023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.124023","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of synergy between infrastructure financing mechanisms and mechanisms for combating climate change does not favor the definition of sustainable infrastructure in Cameroon. The definition of a sustainable infrastructure could meet the requirements of these mechanisms, thanks to the control of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions during its installation, in relation to a predefined value. However, the promotion of efforts to reduce emissions from new infrastructures is not subject to a local market. This situation is a limit in the implementation of the policies defined in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). This article proposes a framework for promoting reduction efforts for a national carbon market, in favor of hydroelectric infrastructures. Thanks to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) environmental assessment tool, we are going to determine the carbon quota for a specific power. The study carried out on the hydroelectric power station of Mekin (HydroMekin) leads us to a reduction effort of 68.2% compared to the threshold defined at 14.057 gCO2eq/kWhe. The framework, developed, contributes to defining the environmental parameters in the decarbonation strategy during the implementation of new hydroelectric infrastructures and the market carbon design elements special to the construction phase of these infrastructures.","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.123017
S. Naghiloo, J. Vamosi
{"title":"Are Polyploid Species Less Vulnerable to Climate Change? A Simulation Study in North American <i>Crataegus</i>","authors":"S. Naghiloo, J. Vamosi","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.123017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.123017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70503803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.121008
L. H. Nunes, Guilherme Henrique Gabriel, J. Marengo
{"title":"More Erratic and More Extreme: Trends in Precipitation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil","authors":"L. H. Nunes, Guilherme Henrique Gabriel, J. Marengo","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.121008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.121008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70503961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the effects of climate change on archaeological sites, using as a case study the archaeological site of Ancient Messene in Greece, and proposes an integrated adaptation strategy. In order to determine the site’s most significant risks, a climate data analysis was conducted, taking into account three different climate emission scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways) and two future periods (2031-2060, 2071-2100). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) vulnerability assessment methodology was adopted to assess the vulnerability of the archaeological site to the effects of climate change. This is the first time such a methodology has been followed in Greece. The analysis revealed that the site’s critical hazards are fire, desertification, and flooding. The geographical location of the site in an intensely dry microclimate and the lack of safe and functional electromechanical and road infrastructure increase its vulnerability. The materials of the monuments are indirectly and directly impacted by climate change, whereas the vegetation is negatively impacted by the frequency of extreme events, especially wildfires. Based on the analysis results, a five-axis adaptation strategy was developed.
{"title":"Climate Change vs Cultural Heritage: An Adaptation Strategy for the Archaeological Site of Ancient Messene","authors":"Vasiliki Pougkakioti, Miltiades Lazoglou, Eleni Maistrou","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.123021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.123021","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the effects of climate change on archaeological sites, using as a case study the archaeological site of Ancient Messene in Greece, and proposes an integrated adaptation strategy. In order to determine the site’s most significant risks, a climate data analysis was conducted, taking into account three different climate emission scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways) and two future periods (2031-2060, 2071-2100). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) vulnerability assessment methodology was adopted to assess the vulnerability of the archaeological site to the effects of climate change. This is the first time such a methodology has been followed in Greece. The analysis revealed that the site’s critical hazards are fire, desertification, and flooding. The geographical location of the site in an intensely dry microclimate and the lack of safe and functional electromechanical and road infrastructure increase its vulnerability. The materials of the monuments are indirectly and directly impacted by climate change, whereas the vegetation is negatively impacted by the frequency of extreme events, especially wildfires. Based on the analysis results, a five-axis adaptation strategy was developed.","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ajcc.2023.123022
Johnson Orfega Mage, Rhoda Mojisola Olanrewaju, Ifeanyi Chris Onwuadiochi
Global temperature has been increasing causing differences in precipitation response in different physiographic regions as feedback mechanism. The aim of this work is to model the implications of the global warming conditions on precipitation occurrences in the valley and highland areas of Nigeria. Harmonic analysis on the average monthly rainfall observations was performed for 56 years (1961-2016) using the Turbo Pascal for windows programming language in order to implement the computation. This was carried out by fitting a periodic function of sinusoidal character to enhance the determination of the contribution of each harmonic, the amplitude of each harmonic and the time at which each harmonic is maximum. The result of harmonic plots of the grand average monthly rainfall for the valley area of Makurdi and highland area of Jos shows that there exists a similarity in the trend of variations of harmonic series plots of the data as either plots exhibit single rainfall maxima or peak, meaning that rainfall patterns are mono-modal in nature. Modeled result of average monthly rainfall for the valley area of Makurdi shows an increase in rainfall occurrences from the month of January to August but a decrease from September to December, meaning an expectation of more rains immediately after onsets and lesser rains before cessations. The modeled result for the highland area of Jos however shows a decrease in the occurrence of rainfall in the months of January and February but an increase from the month of March to December. The implication is that there will be water deficiency for late crops and aquifer recharge in the valley areas while highland areas will experience delayed onset of agricultural calendar. The study recommends timely release and adherence to weather/climate forecasts.
全球气温持续升高导致不同地理区域降水响应的反馈机制存在差异。这项工作的目的是模拟全球变暖条件对尼日利亚山谷和高地地区降水发生的影响。为了实现计算，使用Turbo Pascal for windows编程语言对56年(1961-2016)的月平均降雨量观测进行了谐波分析。这是通过拟合正弦特征的周期函数来实现的，以增强对每个谐波的贡献、每个谐波的振幅和每个谐波达到最大值的时间的确定。马库尔迪河谷地区和乔斯高原地区的月平均大雨量调和图结果表明，调和序列图的变化趋势具有相似性，均表现为单一降水最大值或峰值，即降雨模式具有单峰性。马库尔迪河谷地区的月平均降雨量模拟结果显示，从1月到8月，降雨量增加，但从9月到12月，降雨量减少，这意味着预计降雨后立即会有更多的降雨，而在降雨结束前降雨量会减少。然而，乔斯高地地区的模拟结果显示，1月和2月的降雨量减少，但从3月到12月的降雨量增加。这意味着，河谷地区将出现晚收作物缺水和含水层补给的问题，而高原地区将经历农业日历的延迟开始。该研究建议及时发布和遵守天气/气候预报。
{"title":"Modeled Implications of Global Warming Conditions on Precipitation Totals in Valley and Highland Areas of Nigeria","authors":"Johnson Orfega Mage, Rhoda Mojisola Olanrewaju, Ifeanyi Chris Onwuadiochi","doi":"10.4236/ajcc.2023.123022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2023.123022","url":null,"abstract":"Global temperature has been increasing causing differences in precipitation response in different physiographic regions as feedback mechanism. The aim of this work is to model the implications of the global warming conditions on precipitation occurrences in the valley and highland areas of Nigeria. Harmonic analysis on the average monthly rainfall observations was performed for 56 years (1961-2016) using the Turbo Pascal for windows programming language in order to implement the computation. This was carried out by fitting a periodic function of sinusoidal character to enhance the determination of the contribution of each harmonic, the amplitude of each harmonic and the time at which each harmonic is maximum. The result of harmonic plots of the grand average monthly rainfall for the valley area of Makurdi and highland area of Jos shows that there exists a similarity in the trend of variations of harmonic series plots of the data as either plots exhibit single rainfall maxima or peak, meaning that rainfall patterns are mono-modal in nature. Modeled result of average monthly rainfall for the valley area of Makurdi shows an increase in rainfall occurrences from the month of January to August but a decrease from September to December, meaning an expectation of more rains immediately after onsets and lesser rains before cessations. The modeled result for the highland area of Jos however shows a decrease in the occurrence of rainfall in the months of January and February but an increase from the month of March to December. The implication is that there will be water deficiency for late crops and aquifer recharge in the valley areas while highland areas will experience delayed onset of agricultural calendar. The study recommends timely release and adherence to weather/climate forecasts.","PeriodicalId":69702,"journal":{"name":"美国气候变化期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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