Annales de l'Institut Pasteur. Microbiologie最新文献

A group of 39 strains isolated from pigeons, parakeets, parrots, sheep, goats, cats, guinea-pigs, mice and humans were immunotyped by a one-way or two-way cross-reaction micro-immunofluorescence test. Eight immunotypes were found. Among them, two new immunotypes were characterized: a cat conjunctivitis strain and a mouse inapparent respiratory infection strain. The immunotypes of feline pneumonitis and guinea-pig conjunctivitis, recently described by Perez-Martinez and Storz, were confirmed. Three human strains were similar to avian isolates, while a fourth was identical to that of feline pneumonitis; this suggests a possible contamination of humans by cats.

One-hundred and fifteen infants aged 1 to 31 days from two intensive-care units were grouped into 6 classes according to clinical criteria (enterocolitis with or without anatomopathological examination and pneumatosis intestinalis, "haemorrhagic colitis", acute diarrhoea or absence of intestinal disorders). The total number of viable bacteria, the number of Clostridium and, in some cases, the presence of rota- and/or coronavirus were determined in their stools. The incidence of Clostridium in the stools of infants with enterocolitis (with or without pneumatosis intestinalis) or haemorrhagic colitis was not significantly different from that of infants without intestinal disorders, whereas stools of infants with acute diarrhoea less often contained Clostridium than those of other infants. C. butyricum, C. difficile, C. perfringens, C. tertium, and C. sordellii were identified. Correspondence analysis comparing the variable, "clinical profile", with 23 other variables, suggested that the variables of gemellity, a birthweight below 1900 g, a gestational age of less than 35 weeks, respiratory distress, umbilical catheterization and a Clostridium count above 10(7)/g at the onset of clinical signs, i.e. between 8 to 12 days of age, were linked to the clinical profile of necrotizing enterocolitis with pneumatosis intestinalis. Conversely, the absence of gemellity, a high birthweight and gestational age, the absence of respiratory distress or umbilical catheterization, the onset of diarrhoea within 8 days, and the presence of rota- and/or coronavirus in the stools were linked with a clinical profile of acute diarrhoea.

An ileo-rectal anastomosis was created in growing pigs. The caecum and colon were left in place and their contents slowly emptied through a cannula located in the distal colon; accordingly, no food arrived in this caeco-colic compartment. Animals were slaughtered 14 to 54 days after the surgical operation. Using a quantitative differential analysis technique, the large intestine microflora were studied upon operation and at slaughter. It was observed that the number of strictly anaerobic bacteria did not vary or only slightly increased according to cell population counts. The most marked variations involved disappearance of the Lactobacillus population in all animals and disappearance of some morphological types of bacteria found in the dominant flora at the beginning of the experiment.

This supplement reports the characters of 24 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1985 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 7 serovars belong to subspecies I, 14 to subspecies II, 1 to subspecies IIIb, 1 to subspecies IV and 1 to subspecies V.