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Human genetic technology: who shall control? 人类基因技术:谁来控制?
R H Blank

The biotechnical "revolution" has fast come upon us. It promises to produce both substantial benefits and difficult dilemmas for individuals and society. Despite the growing attention being paid to biotechnology, a major unanswered question is who shall control the development and use of the powerful array of human genetic and reproductive innovations. Should the decisions be left to individual consumers and private industry or should they be made by the government or other social institutions? After briefly reviewing development in human genetics and reproduction and describing trends toward commercialization of them, this article discusses the dilemmas these trends raise for a democratic society. It argues for the urgent need to delineate societal goals and priorities for the future and for technology assessment as early as possible in the developmental process. The article concludes by presenting some examples of the social policy problems now emerging.

生物技术的“革命”已经迅速向我们袭来。它承诺为个人和社会带来实质性的利益和困难的困境。尽管人们对生物技术的关注日益增加,但一个悬而未决的主要问题是谁将控制大量人类遗传和生殖创新的发展和使用。这些决定应该留给个人消费者和私营企业,还是应该由政府或其他社会机构来做?本文简要回顾了人类遗传学和生殖学的发展及其商业化趋势,讨论了这些趋势给民主社会带来的困境。报告认为,迫切需要确定未来的社会目标和优先事项,并在发展过程中尽早进行技术评估。文章最后列举了一些目前正在出现的社会政策问题的例子。
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The Cornell journal of social relations
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