Pub Date : 2016-06-27DOI: 10.1080/13642987.2016.1192535
D. Joly, A. Bakawan
This article explores women’s situation in Kurdistan-Iraq. We examine key issues of concern to Kurdish women and the arenas which present enablers and obstacles to their action: the family and tradition; Islam and Muslim institutions; political parties and the state; civil society associations and non-governmental organisations. We look at recently promulgated laws on violence against women and on personal status. Our research is based on in-depth interviews, legal documents, grey literature and internet sources.
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O. Martins, L. Rampal, Munn Sann Lye, Sherina Mohd Sidik, N. Othman, Z. Iliyasu, F. Salawu
Though cases of AIDS are visible in Nigeria and high awareness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), correct knowledge on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and prevention has remained low with significant numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS having low attitudes towards life and the disease itself. This study determined the baseline knowledge on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and prevention and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS of adult HIV positive patient enrolled into care at all 4 comprehensive antiretroviral therapy (ART) sites in Yola, Nigeria. Baseline reports on the knowledge and attitudes of adult HIV positive patients were obtained from a 3 arm randomized single blind clinical trial involving 386 randomly selected and allocated adult HIV patients who were enrolled into ART care at all 4 comprehensive ART sites in Yola. The intervention was 10 to 15 min clinic based Clinician Client Centred counselling and the 3 groups were; intervention group1, intervention group 2 and the control group. An interviewer administered validated and reliable structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Outcome measures were sound knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Test of significance was at α level 0.05. Overall 237 (61.4%) had sound knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention, while 346 (89.6%) of respondents had high attitudes towards HIV/AIDS. Though majority of respondents had sound knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention as well as high attitudes towards HIV/AIDS, interventions to improve knowledge and attitudes among this group of individuals would improve positive preventive strategies. Key words: Adult HIV patients, knowledge, attitudes, HIV/AIDS.
虽然尼日利亚有艾滋病病例，对人体免疫机能丧失病毒(艾滋病毒)的认识也很高，但对人体免疫机能丧失病毒(艾滋病毒)传播和预防的正确认识仍然很低，大量艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者对生活和疾病本身的态度很低。本研究确定了在尼日利亚约拉所有4个抗逆转录病毒综合治疗(ART)站点登记的成年艾滋病毒阳性患者对人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)传播和预防的基线知识以及对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的态度。成人HIV阳性患者的知识和态度的基线报告来自一项3组随机单盲临床试验，该试验涉及386名随机选择和分配的成人HIV患者，这些患者在约拉所有4个综合ART站点登记接受ART治疗。干预是10 - 15分钟基于诊所的临床医生以客户为中心的咨询，三个组是;干预组1，干预组2和对照组。采用采访者管理的有效且可靠的结构化问卷进行数据收集。结果措施是对艾滋病毒传播和预防的充分了解以及对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的态度。数据分析使用SPSS version 22。显著性检验在α水平0.05。237人(61.4%)对艾滋病毒的传播和预防有良好的认识，346人(89.6%)对艾滋病毒/艾滋病有较高的态度。虽然大多数答复者对艾滋病毒的传播和预防有充分的了解，对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的态度也很高，但改善这一群体的知识和态度的干预措施将改善积极的预防战略。关键词:成年艾滋病患者;知识;态度;
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In October 2009 the Population Council conducted a formative study in UP to determine the current status of early and exclusive breastfeeding understand the facilitating factors and barriers in adopting the desired breastfeeding practices and identify programmatic and behavior change communication (BCC) initiatives that could accelerate the adoption of early and exclusive breastfeeding practices. The project was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. (Excerpt)
{"title":"Increasing early and exclusive breastfeeding in rural Uttar Pradesh.","authors":"K. Aruldas, Khan Me, A. Hazra","doi":"10.31899/rh2.1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31899/rh2.1038","url":null,"abstract":"In October 2009 the Population Council conducted a formative study in UP to determine the current status of early and exclusive breastfeeding understand the facilitating factors and barriers in adopting the desired breastfeeding practices and identify programmatic and behavior change communication (BCC) initiatives that could accelerate the adoption of early and exclusive breastfeeding practices. The project was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. (Excerpt)","PeriodicalId":83104,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of family welfare","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69773303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Government of India has recommended that complementary feeding for infants should be started at the age of 6 months. The three recommended infant and young child feeding practices for children aged 6-23 months include: continue breastfeeding; feed semi-solid/ solid food according to the age of the child; and feed a variety of foods such as cereals fruits vegetables and milk. It is recommended that children aged 6-8 months should be given complementary food twice a day while children aged 9-23 months should be fed complementary food three times a day. The amount of food given should be equivalent to 200 Kcal per day for children aged 6-8 months 300 Kcal per day for children aged 9-11 months and 550 Kcal per day for children aged 12-23 months. NFHS-3 data show that only 22 percent of children aged 6-23 months were given appropriate complementary food in rural Uttar Pradesh (UP). DLHS-3 data indicate that only 25 percent of children aged 6-23 months had started complementary food at the recommended age of 6 months.
{"title":"Increasing appropriate complementary feeding in rural Uttar Pradesh.","authors":"K. Aruldas, Khan Me, A. Hazra","doi":"10.31899/rh2.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31899/rh2.1036","url":null,"abstract":"The Government of India has recommended that complementary feeding for infants should be started at the age of 6 months. The three recommended infant and young child feeding practices for children aged 6-23 months include: continue breastfeeding; feed semi-solid/ solid food according to the age of the child; and feed a variety of foods such as cereals fruits vegetables and milk. It is recommended that children aged 6-8 months should be given complementary food twice a day while children aged 9-23 months should be fed complementary food three times a day. The amount of food given should be equivalent to 200 Kcal per day for children aged 6-8 months 300 Kcal per day for children aged 9-11 months and 550 Kcal per day for children aged 12-23 months. NFHS-3 data show that only 22 percent of children aged 6-23 months were given appropriate complementary food in rural Uttar Pradesh (UP). DLHS-3 data indicate that only 25 percent of children aged 6-23 months had started complementary food at the recommended age of 6 months.","PeriodicalId":83104,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of family welfare","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69772895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DLHS-3 (2006-07) data reveal that in rural Uttar Pradesh (UP) only about one-fourth of women delivered their last child in an institution. In 2005 the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) was launched as an intervention to address the barriers to institutional delivery through the introduction of community-based women volunteers called Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs). Women in rural areas in low performing states are given cash assistance for an institutional delivery and for a home delivery conducted by a skilled birth attendant (SBA). ASHAs are given a performance linked fee; they are paid for each woman they motivate for ANC and institutional delivery. ASHAs receive an initial training of three weeks in various aspects of maternal and child care. While initial evaluations of the JSY show improved rates of institutional delivery and that ASHAs provide valuable support during pregnancy and childbirth the scheme needs closer examination to assess how its performance could be enhanced so as to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5.
{"title":"Increasing institutional delivery and access to emergency obstetric care services in rural Uttar Pradesh.","authors":"Varma Ds, Khan Me, A. Hazra","doi":"10.31899/rh2.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31899/rh2.1045","url":null,"abstract":"DLHS-3 (2006-07) data reveal that in rural Uttar Pradesh (UP) only about one-fourth of women delivered their last child in an institution. In 2005 the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) was launched as an intervention to address the barriers to institutional delivery through the introduction of community-based women volunteers called Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs). Women in rural areas in low performing states are given cash assistance for an institutional delivery and for a home delivery conducted by a skilled birth attendant (SBA). ASHAs are given a performance linked fee; they are paid for each woman they motivate for ANC and institutional delivery. ASHAs receive an initial training of three weeks in various aspects of maternal and child care. While initial evaluations of the JSY show improved rates of institutional delivery and that ASHAs provide valuable support during pregnancy and childbirth the scheme needs closer examination to assess how its performance could be enhanced so as to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5.","PeriodicalId":83104,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of family welfare","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69773364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Female foeticide: a sociological perspective.","authors":"M Kaur","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83104,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of family welfare","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26581565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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