Pub Date : 1970-06-01DOI: 10.1095/BIOLREPROD2.SUPPLEMENT_2.1
G. Salisbury, R. Hart
This review describes primarily research performed at the University of Illinois and concerned with 1) the effect of spermatozoan age on fertility and embryonic mortality and 2) cellular changes accompanying gamete aging. Under natural conditions the aging of ova may be of far greater consequence to the reproductive performance of a species than the aging of sperm. On the other hand, under the conditions of artificial insemination of domestic animals, the aging of sperm takes on a far greater importance than under natural conditions. Evidence has been found to suggest senescence in the egg results in either failure of the defense mechanism against polyspermy or deterioration of the haploid female genome. When bull sperm are stored, an early improvement in fertility occurs and is attributed to the selective death of sperm containing aberrant chromatin or other abnormalities. On the other hand, the early improvement is followed by a decrease in fertility and an increase in embryonic mortality of fertilized eggs. These negative effects are believed to relate to a change in the genetic information contributed by the sperm.
{"title":"Gamete aging and its consequences.","authors":"G. Salisbury, R. Hart","doi":"10.1095/BIOLREPROD2.SUPPLEMENT_2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1095/BIOLREPROD2.SUPPLEMENT_2.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This review describes primarily research performed at the University of Illinois and concerned with 1) the effect of spermatozoan age on fertility and embryonic mortality and 2) cellular changes accompanying gamete aging. Under natural conditions the aging of ova may be of far greater consequence to the reproductive performance of a species than the aging of sperm. On the other hand, under the conditions of artificial insemination of domestic animals, the aging of sperm takes on a far greater importance than under natural conditions. Evidence has been found to suggest senescence in the egg results in either failure of the defense mechanism against polyspermy or deterioration of the haploid female genome. When bull sperm are stored, an early improvement in fertility occurs and is attributed to the selective death of sperm containing aberrant chromatin or other abnormalities. On the other hand, the early improvement is followed by a decrease in fertility and an increase in embryonic mortality of fertilized eggs. These negative effects are believed to relate to a change in the genetic information contributed by the sperm.\u0000","PeriodicalId":84275,"journal":{"name":"Biology of reproduction. Supplement","volume":"247 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1095/BIOLREPROD2.SUPPLEMENT_2.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61225063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1970-06-01DOI: 10.1095/BIOLREPROD2.SUPPLEMENT_2.44
Luciano Zamboni
The complex ultrastructural changes of mammalian oocytes are presented. The follicular oocyte can be divided into 3 descriptive stages. First is the quiescent stage in which the majority of cytoplasmic organelles are concentrated in a crescentric basophilic juxtanuclear area (the Balbiani Vitelline body),. Second is the maturative stage, in which the follicle cells undergo mitoses and secrete the liquor folliculi. In this stage, the most salient changes in the oocyte are the development of microvilli, completion of the first meiotic division and changes in the structural organization of the cytoplasm. Third is the preovulatory stage in which the most prominent changes are the relationship between the oocyte and the cumulus cells. The changes that occur in the fallopian tubes before and after sperm penetration are described from mouse reproductive tracts fixed in situ by vascular perfusion. Shortly before sperm penetration the spaces between the cumulus and corona cells and the surface of the ovum widens and the cytoplasmic "bridges" are broken.
{"title":"Ultrastructure of mammalian oocytes and ova.","authors":"Luciano Zamboni","doi":"10.1095/BIOLREPROD2.SUPPLEMENT_2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1095/BIOLREPROD2.SUPPLEMENT_2.44","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The complex ultrastructural changes of mammalian oocytes are presented. The follicular oocyte can be divided into 3 descriptive stages. First is the quiescent stage in which the majority of cytoplasmic organelles are concentrated in a crescentric basophilic juxtanuclear area (the Balbiani Vitelline body),. Second is the maturative stage, in which the follicle cells undergo mitoses and secrete the liquor folliculi. In this stage, the most salient changes in the oocyte are the development of microvilli, completion of the first meiotic division and changes in the structural organization of the cytoplasm. Third is the preovulatory stage in which the most prominent changes are the relationship between the oocyte and the cumulus cells. The changes that occur in the fallopian tubes before and after sperm penetration are described from mouse reproductive tracts fixed in situ by vascular perfusion. Shortly before sperm penetration the spaces between the cumulus and corona cells and the surface of the ovum widens and the cytoplasmic \"bridges\" are broken.\u0000","PeriodicalId":84275,"journal":{"name":"Biology of reproduction. Supplement","volume":"2 1","pages":"44-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1095/BIOLREPROD2.SUPPLEMENT_2.44","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61225132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative view of sperm ultrastructure.","authors":"D W Fawcett","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84275,"journal":{"name":"Biology of reproduction. Supplement","volume":"2 ","pages":"90-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22002349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sperm capacitation and fertilization in mammals.","authors":"J M Bedford","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84275,"journal":{"name":"Biology of reproduction. Supplement","volume":"2 ","pages":"128-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22002960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biophysical aspects of ovulation.","authors":"P Rondell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84275,"journal":{"name":"Biology of reproduction. Supplement","volume":"2 ","pages":"64-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22002962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gamete aging and its consequences.","authors":"G W Salisbury, R G Hart","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84275,"journal":{"name":"Biology of reproduction. Supplement","volume":"2 ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22002959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrastructure of mammalian oocytes and ova.","authors":"L Zamboni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84275,"journal":{"name":"Biology of reproduction. Supplement","volume":"2 ","pages":"44-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22002961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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