Pub Date : 2016-06-01DOI: 10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780198778226.003.0003
C. Rowett
One puzzle about the so-called “Noble Lie” is how, if at all, the rulers in the ideal state (so-called “philosopher kings and queens”) could be brought to believe it. In this paper I show that the story that they are to endorse is hard to believe not because it is false but because it conveys a message that is challenging to both aristocratic and democratic ideologies. It is also couched in imagery that will make sense to the philosopher first and above all, particularly once she or he has emerged from the Cave and discovered the truth.
{"title":"Why the Philosopher Kings will Believe the Noble Lie","authors":"C. Rowett","doi":"10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780198778226.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780198778226.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"One puzzle about the so-called “Noble Lie” is how, if at all, the rulers in the ideal state (so-called “philosopher kings and queens”) could be brought to believe it. In this paper I show that the story that they are to endorse is hard to believe not because it is false but because it conveys a message that is challenging to both aristocratic and democratic ideologies. It is also couched in imagery that will make sense to the philosopher first and above all, particularly once she or he has emerged from the Cave and discovered the truth.","PeriodicalId":89211,"journal":{"name":"Oxford studies in ancient philosophy","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60646425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198712923.003.0008
K. Kukkonen
{"title":"On Aristotle’s World","authors":"K. Kukkonen","doi":"10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198712923.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198712923.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89211,"journal":{"name":"Oxford studies in ancient philosophy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60645271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780199644384.003.0008
S. McConnell
Cicero's general interest in Dicaearchus' ethical and political thought can be detected in his letters to Atticus and De legibus. At present, however, we do not possess a clear and detailed picture of Dicaearchus' influence on Cicero's own ethical and political thought. This chapter argues that, despite these obstacles, we can construct a positive account of the nature and extent of Dicaearchus' influence that offers new insights into key aspects of Cicero's philosophical thought and practice. First it offers a novel reconstruction of Dicaearchus' argument for the supremacy of the praktikos bios and his relationship with Aristotle and Theophrastus in the Peripatetic tradition. The chapter then considers how Dicaearchus figures in Cicero's political and ethical deliberations by analysing a letter to Atticus in which Dicaearchus is referred to by name. At this point we are in a position to identify the precise nature of Dicaearchus' influence on Cicero's De republica, which is the subject of the final and concluding section. Here the chapter argues that Cicero's vision of philosophy and its role in Roman political culture, as showcased in the preface to De republica, is appropriated in all fundamental respects from Dicaearchus
{"title":"Cicero and Dicaearchus","authors":"S. McConnell","doi":"10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780199644384.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780199644384.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Cicero's general interest in Dicaearchus' ethical and political thought can be detected in his letters to Atticus and De legibus. At present, however, we do not possess a clear and detailed picture of Dicaearchus' influence on Cicero's own ethical and political thought. This chapter argues that, despite these obstacles, we can construct a positive account of the nature and extent of Dicaearchus' influence that offers new insights into key aspects of Cicero's philosophical thought and practice. First it offers a novel reconstruction of Dicaearchus' argument for the supremacy of the praktikos bios and his relationship with Aristotle and Theophrastus in the Peripatetic tradition. The chapter then considers how Dicaearchus figures in Cicero's political and ethical deliberations by analysing a letter to Atticus in which Dicaearchus is referred to by name. At this point we are in a position to identify the precise nature of Dicaearchus' influence on Cicero's De republica, which is the subject of the final and concluding section. Here the chapter argues that Cicero's vision of philosophy and its role in Roman political culture, as showcased in the preface to De republica, is appropriated in all fundamental respects from Dicaearchus","PeriodicalId":89211,"journal":{"name":"Oxford studies in ancient philosophy","volume":"42 1","pages":"307-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60651597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-01DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199666164.003.0003
M. Kakkuri-Knuuttila, M. Tuominen
{"title":"Aristotle on the role of the predicables in dialectical disputations","authors":"M. Kakkuri-Knuuttila, M. Tuominen","doi":"10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199666164.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199666164.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89211,"journal":{"name":"Oxford studies in ancient philosophy","volume":"43 1","pages":"55-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60652275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The medical and philosophical system of Asclepiades of Bithynia (fl. later second century BC)(1) has been the subject of considerable controversy.(2) His physical theory of anarmoi onkoi in particular has seen intense debate, and although many of its broader features appear to be fairly well established, many of its most fundamental details remain obscure. Perhaps somewhat paradoxically, some of the most important work carried out on Asclepiades has been explicitly focused instead on Heraclides of Pontus,(3) the reconstruction of whose physical theory has often proceeded on the assumption that this was largely replicated by Asclepiades some two centuries later. But to a great extent the Asclepiadean debate has been framed in terms of the question of his intellectual debts to ancient atomism, and Epicureanism in particular, and in this respect the present study will be no different.(4) The most recent scholarship has been sharply divided over this question. Vallance has emphasized the principally medical context of Asclepiades' system, and made the case that the frangibility of the onkoi marks such a fundamental divergence from Epicurus' atomism that any influence from Epicurean physics should be rejected, and that we should look instead especially to Erasistratus.(5) Casadei, however, following on to a certain extent from the work of Pigeaud, has rightly drawn attention to the tendency in Vallance's exposition to suppress a number of fundamental elements of Asclepiades' doctrine which are undeniably also distinguishing features of Epicurean philosophy.(6) The most significant of these include his particulate theory of matter, his antiteleological conception of nature, and his rejection of any theory of qualitative change. But these correspondences would certainly not be sufficient to qualify Asclepiades' system simply as a reproduction of Epicureanism, and there is clear evidence that Asclepiades stood in opposition to Epicurus in certain fundamental respects. In a recent study which has done much to establish Asclepiades' credentials as a philosopher, focusing especially on his philosophy of mind, Polito has underlined certain distinctly non-Epicurean elements in his system, such as his radical determinism and his denial of a localized ruling-part-of-the-soul.(7) It thus seems clear that, despite some important parallels between their systems, Asclepiades cannot be regarded as an Epicurean physician. The evidence we have for his doctrine, and the authority which was accorded him by later writers, clearly attests to his status as an independent and innovative thinker in his own right. While Asclepiades' theory must, in my view, be analysed within the context of the Epicurean atomistic tradition, it must equally be acknowledged that any identifiable relationship between Epicurus and Asclepiades is likely to be one of considerable complexity.In this paper I shall attempt to explore further the nature of the relationship between Epicurus and A
{"title":"THE QUALITATIVE STATUS OF THE ONKOI IN ASCLEPIADES' THEORY OF MATTER.","authors":"David Leith","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The medical and philosophical system of Asclepiades of Bithynia (fl. later second century BC)(1) has been the subject of considerable controversy.(2) His physical theory of anarmoi onkoi in particular has seen intense debate, and although many of its broader features appear to be fairly well established, many of its most fundamental details remain obscure. Perhaps somewhat paradoxically, some of the most important work carried out on Asclepiades has been explicitly focused instead on Heraclides of Pontus,(3) the reconstruction of whose physical theory has often proceeded on the assumption that this was largely replicated by Asclepiades some two centuries later. But to a great extent the Asclepiadean debate has been framed in terms of the question of his intellectual debts to ancient atomism, and Epicureanism in particular, and in this respect the present study will be no different.(4) The most recent scholarship has been sharply divided over this question. Vallance has emphasized the principally medical context of Asclepiades' system, and made the case that the frangibility of the onkoi marks such a fundamental divergence from Epicurus' atomism that any influence from Epicurean physics should be rejected, and that we should look instead especially to Erasistratus.(5) Casadei, however, following on to a certain extent from the work of Pigeaud, has rightly drawn attention to the tendency in Vallance's exposition to suppress a number of fundamental elements of Asclepiades' doctrine which are undeniably also distinguishing features of Epicurean philosophy.(6) The most significant of these include his particulate theory of matter, his antiteleological conception of nature, and his rejection of any theory of qualitative change. But these correspondences would certainly not be sufficient to qualify Asclepiades' system simply as a reproduction of Epicureanism, and there is clear evidence that Asclepiades stood in opposition to Epicurus in certain fundamental respects. In a recent study which has done much to establish Asclepiades' credentials as a philosopher, focusing especially on his philosophy of mind, Polito has underlined certain distinctly non-Epicurean elements in his system, such as his radical determinism and his denial of a localized ruling-part-of-the-soul.(7) It thus seems clear that, despite some important parallels between their systems, Asclepiades cannot be regarded as an Epicurean physician. The evidence we have for his doctrine, and the authority which was accorded him by later writers, clearly attests to his status as an independent and innovative thinker in his own right. While Asclepiades' theory must, in my view, be analysed within the context of the Epicurean atomistic tradition, it must equally be acknowledged that any identifiable relationship between Epicurus and Asclepiades is likely to be one of considerable complexity.In this paper I shall attempt to explore further the nature of the relationship between Epicurus and A","PeriodicalId":89211,"journal":{"name":"Oxford studies in ancient philosophy","volume":"36 ","pages":"283-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2977080/pdf/ukmss-28665.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29468627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511977831.007
Rachana Kamtekar
readers of Greek ethics tend to favour those accounts of the virtuous ideal according to which virtue involves the development of our non-rational—appetitive and emotional— motivations aswell as of our rationalmotivations. So our contemporaries find much of interest and sympathy in Aristotle’s conception of virtue as a condition inwhich reasondoes not simply override our appetites and emotions, but these non-rational motivations themselves ‘speak with the same voice as reason’.2 By contrast, the Stoic
{"title":"Speaking with the same voice as reason Personification in Plato’s psychology","authors":"Rachana Kamtekar","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511977831.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511977831.007","url":null,"abstract":" readers of Greek ethics tend to favour those accounts of the virtuous ideal according to which virtue involves the development of our non-rational—appetitive and emotional— motivations aswell as of our rationalmotivations. So our contemporaries find much of interest and sympathy in Aristotle’s conception of virtue as a condition inwhich reasondoes not simply override our appetites and emotions, but these non-rational motivations themselves ‘speak with the same voice as reason’.2 By contrast, the Stoic","PeriodicalId":89211,"journal":{"name":"Oxford studies in ancient philosophy","volume":"31 1","pages":"167-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/CBO9780511977831.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57100561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9082-2_10
M. Nussbaum
{"title":"Eros and the Wise: The Stoic Response to a Cultural Dilemma","authors":"M. Nussbaum","doi":"10.1007/978-94-015-9082-2_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9082-2_10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89211,"journal":{"name":"Oxford studies in ancient philosophy","volume":"32 6","pages":"231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-94-015-9082-2_10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50979162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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