Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000458
Ramdas G. Kanissery, Biwek Gairhe, C. McAvoy, G. Sims
Despite their crop protection benefits, herbicides may produce a wide range of possible environmental implications due to their persistence in the ecosystem. They can enter the soil from direct spraying onto the soil surface, irrigation runoff, or release from dead vegetation. Microbial degradation is the main mechanisms responsible for the transformation and detoxification of most herbicidal compounds in soil. The microbial availability of herbicides for biodegradation in the soil is primarily determined by factors like adsorption, desorption, biodegradation and non-extractable residue formation. Exploring these processes can lead to better understanding the efficacy and fate of the herbicide in the environment. Here we present a short review of the processes affecting the bioavailability of herbicides in the soil and their subsequent influence on the environmental fate of these
{"title":"Herbicide Bioavailability Determinant Processes in the Soil","authors":"Ramdas G. Kanissery, Biwek Gairhe, C. McAvoy, G. Sims","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000458","url":null,"abstract":"Despite their crop protection benefits, herbicides may produce a wide range of possible environmental implications due to their persistence in the ecosystem. They can enter the soil from direct spraying onto the soil surface, irrigation runoff, or release from dead vegetation. Microbial degradation is the main mechanisms responsible for the transformation and detoxification of most herbicidal compounds in soil. The microbial availability of herbicides for biodegradation in the soil is primarily determined by factors like adsorption, desorption, biodegradation and non-extractable residue formation. Exploring these processes can lead to better understanding the efficacy and fate of the herbicide in the environment. Here we present a short review of the processes affecting the bioavailability of herbicides in the soil and their subsequent influence on the environmental fate of these","PeriodicalId":90885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioremediation & biodegradation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-6199.1000458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70299129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000457
A. Bibi, W. Nisa, A. Qasim, Tahir H. Malik
Quality and magnitude of World’s food have been improved using pesticides. However, these pesticides, such as Hexachlorocyclohexane, have unfavorably affected the quality of environment and health of human beings. These not only used in Agriculture but in public health activities. Their use has been banned in developed countries, but these are still being used in some developing countries including Pakistan. Present study was aimed at sssessment, of HCHs concentration to be removed by rhizoremediation with Solanum nigrum; Solanum nigrum growth performance and identification of inoculate to be best for rhizo-microbial remediation. Pot experiments at 0, 5 and 10 mg/kg HCHs spiked soil were conducted for 90 days. Soil physicochemical properties (pH, TOC, OM, EC, MBC) were measured. Residual HCHs concentration in spiked soil was 1.73, 2.33, 3.9 and 6.1 mg/kg for 5% HCHs +Solanum nigrum+Inoculate; 5% HCHs+Inoculate; 10% HCHs Solanum nigrum+Inoculate; 10%HCHs+Inoculate respectively. While HCHs accumulation in Solanum nigrum in different treatments was 1.233, 2.133, 2.6667 mg/kg for 5% HCHs+Solanum nigrum+Inoculate; 10% HCHs+Solanum nigrum; 10% HCHs+Solanum nigrum+inoculate respectively. Strain which effectively improved the plant root and biomass was ST47 which improved root length almost 6.9 cm. Results elucidated the use of Solanum nigrum along with ST47 strain as the effective and promising remediation technique for HCHs degradation.
{"title":"Rhizoremediation of Hexachlorocyclohexane Through Pesticide Contaminated Soil by Solanum nigrum","authors":"A. Bibi, W. Nisa, A. Qasim, Tahir H. Malik","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000457","url":null,"abstract":"Quality and magnitude of World’s food have been improved using pesticides. However, these pesticides, such as Hexachlorocyclohexane, have unfavorably affected the quality of environment and health of human beings. These not only used in Agriculture but in public health activities. Their use has been banned in developed countries, but these are still being used in some developing countries including Pakistan. Present study was aimed at sssessment, of HCHs concentration to be removed by rhizoremediation with Solanum nigrum; Solanum nigrum growth performance and identification of inoculate to be best for rhizo-microbial remediation. Pot experiments at 0, 5 and 10 mg/kg HCHs spiked soil were conducted for 90 days. Soil physicochemical properties (pH, TOC, OM, EC, MBC) were measured. Residual HCHs concentration in spiked soil was 1.73, 2.33, 3.9 and 6.1 mg/kg for 5% HCHs +Solanum nigrum+Inoculate; 5% HCHs+Inoculate; 10% HCHs Solanum nigrum+Inoculate; 10%HCHs+Inoculate respectively. While HCHs accumulation in Solanum nigrum in different treatments was 1.233, 2.133, 2.6667 mg/kg for 5% HCHs+Solanum nigrum+Inoculate; 10% HCHs+Solanum nigrum; 10% HCHs+Solanum nigrum+inoculate respectively. Strain which effectively improved the plant root and biomass was ST47 which improved root length almost 6.9 cm. Results elucidated the use of Solanum nigrum along with ST47 strain as the effective and promising remediation technique for HCHs degradation.","PeriodicalId":90885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioremediation & biodegradation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-6199.1000457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70299495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000e148
Jacqueline McComb, Turquoise C Alexander, Fengxiang X Han, Paul B Tchounwou
Jacqueline McComb1, Turquoise C. Alexander1, Fengxiang X. Han1, 2* and Paul B. Tchounwou1 1Environmental Science Ph.D. Program, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA 2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi, USA *Corresponding author: Fengxiang X. Han, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 John R Lynch Street Jackson, MS 39217, USA, Tel: (662) 325 – 7668; E-mail: fengxiang.han@jsums.edu
{"title":"Understanding Biogeochemical Cycling of Trace Elements and Heavy Metals in Estuarine Ecosystems.","authors":"Jacqueline McComb, Turquoise C Alexander, Fengxiang X Han, Paul B Tchounwou","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000e148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000e148","url":null,"abstract":"Jacqueline McComb1, Turquoise C. Alexander1, Fengxiang X. Han1, 2* and Paul B. Tchounwou1 1Environmental Science Ph.D. Program, Jackson State University, 1400 J.R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA 2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi, USA *Corresponding author: Fengxiang X. Han, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 John R Lynch Street Jackson, MS 39217, USA, Tel: (662) 325 – 7668; E-mail: fengxiang.han@jsums.edu","PeriodicalId":90885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioremediation & biodegradation","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-6199.1000e148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33058489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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