Case orthopaedic journal最新文献

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Powered Lower-Limb Exoskeletons to Restore Gait for Individuals with Paraplegia - a Review. 恢复截瘫患者步态的动力下肢外骨骼 - 综述。

Case orthopaedic journal

Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Sarah R Chang, Rudi Kobetic, Musa L Audu, Roger D Quinn, Ronald J Triolo

Individuals with paraplegia due to spinal cord injury rank restoration of walking high on the list of priorities to improving their quality of life. Powered lower-limb exoskeleton technology provides the ability to restore standing up, sitting down, and walking movements for individuals with paraplegia. The robotic exoskeletons generally have electrical motors located at the hip and knee joint centers, which move the wearers' lower limbs through the appropriate range of motion for gait according to control systems using either trajectory control or impedance control. Users of exoskeletons are able to walk at average gait speeds of 0.26 m/s and distances ranging between 121-171 m. However, the achieved gait speeds and distances fall short of those required for full community ambulation (0.8 m/s and at least 230 m), restricting use of the devices to limited community use with stand-by assist or supervised rehabilitation settings. Improvement in the gait speed and distance may be achievable by combining a specially designed powered exoskeleton with neuromuscular stimulation technologies resulting in a hybrid system that fully engages the user and achieves the necessary requirements to ambulate in the community environment with benefits of muscle contraction.

因脊髓损伤而截瘫的患者将恢复行走列为提高生活质量的首要任务。电动下肢外骨骼技术能够帮助截瘫患者恢复站立、坐下和行走动作。机器人外骨骼的髋关节和膝关节中心一般都装有电机，可根据使用轨迹控制或阻抗控制的控制系统，使穿戴者的下肢在适当的运动范围内行走。外骨骼使用者的平均步速为 0.26 米/秒，行走距离在 121-171 米之间。然而，所达到的步速和距离还达不到完全社区行走的要求（0.8 米/秒和至少 230 米），因此该装置只能在有限的社区使用，并提供备用辅助或在监督下进行康复训练。通过将专门设计的动力外骨骼与神经肌肉刺激技术相结合，形成一个混合系统，使用户充分参与，并通过肌肉收缩的益处达到在社区环境中行走的必要要求，从而提高步速和距离。

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引用次数: 0

THE COP9 SIGNALOSOME, A NOVEL, ESSENTIAL REGULATOR OF SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT AND TUMORIGENESIS. cop9 信号体是骨骼发育和肿瘤发生的一个新的重要调节因子。

Case orthopaedic journal

Pub Date : 2011-01-01

Lindsay Bashur, Dongxing Chen, Guang Zhou

In recent years, the evolutionarily conserved complex named COP9 signalosome has emerged as an essential and versatile regulator of biological and pathological responses across species. Various components of COP9 signalosome, including CSN5 (also named JAB1), play critical roles in a wide array of developmental process. Using genetically engineered mouse models, our laboratory has recently identified CSN5/JAB1 as an essential regulator of skeletal development, in part through negatively regulating BMP signaling. BMP signaling is important for fracture healing and bone regeneration. BMPs have been used for treating acute fractures and for improving the success of spinal fusions. Therefore, harnessing the CSN5/JAB1-mediated inhibition of BMP signaling might be a novel strategy to improve the efficacy of BMP treatment and to reduce medical costs in the future. Furthermore, the up-regulation of COP9 signalosome has been associated with various cancers, including osteosarcoma. Thus, the COP9 signalosome can also be a valid target for treating osteosarcoma and other tumors.

近年来，名为 COP9 信号体的进化保守复合物已成为物种间生物和病理反应的重要多功能调控因子。COP9 信号体的各种成分，包括 CSN5（也称 JAB1），在一系列发育过程中发挥着关键作用。利用基因工程小鼠模型，我们的实验室最近发现 CSN5/JAB1 是骨骼发育的重要调节因子，部分作用是通过负向调节 BMP 信号传导。BMP 信号对骨折愈合和骨再生非常重要。BMP 已被用于治疗急性骨折和提高脊柱融合术的成功率。因此，利用 CSN5/JAB1 介导的 BMP 信号转导抑制可能是提高 BMP 治疗效果和降低未来医疗成本的一种新策略。此外，COP9 信号体的上调与包括骨肉瘤在内的多种癌症有关。因此，COP9 信号体也可以成为治疗骨肉瘤和其他肿瘤的有效靶点。

引用次数: 0

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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