Gastrointestinal cancer : research & therapy最新文献

英文中文

Factors Associated with Scheduled Endoscopy Non-Compliance – A Literature Review 与内窥镜检查不符合相关的因素-文献综述

Gastrointestinal cancer : research & therapy

Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.26420/gastrointestcancerresther.2021.1032

F. Yazdanpanah, I. Mayer, R. Rahmani

Non-Compliance with endoscopy appointments places a major burden on the healthcare system and can lead to delay in the diagnosis and treatment of potentially life-threatening conditions. Although several studies have investigated causes, trends, and interventions to improve compliance with endoscopy appointments, we present a comprehensive, high-quality, and focused literature review on this important topic. A search of the PubMed database revealed 72 papers that were screened for eligibility according to their title and text; among these 72, a total of 42 papers are focused on non-compliance with endoscopy, and 12 investigated ways to improve compliance. The average non-compliance rate for endoscopy was found 22.25%. Patients’ age (younger than 60-year-old), low socioeconomic status, history of healthcare visits non-adherence, medical history, and season/month of the appointment all contribute to non-compliance with endoscopy appointments. On the other hand, decreasing scheduling lead time and some specific modes of appointment confirmations could improve appointment-keeping behavior.

不遵守内窥镜检查预约给医疗保健系统带来了重大负担，并可能导致潜在威胁生命的疾病的诊断和治疗延迟。虽然有几项研究调查了内窥镜检查的原因、趋势和干预措施，以提高依从性，但我们对这一重要主题进行了全面、高质量和集中的文献综述。对PubMed数据库的搜索显示，根据标题和文本筛选了72篇论文的资格;在这72篇论文中，共有42篇论文关注了内镜检查的不依从性，12篇论文探讨了提高依从性的方法。内镜检查平均不遵医嘱率为22.25%。患者年龄(小于60岁)、低社会经济地位、不遵医嘱就诊史、病史和预约的季节/月份都是导致内窥镜预约不遵医嘱的原因。另一方面，减少预约提前时间和一些特定的预约确认模式可以改善预约遵守行为。

引用次数: 0

Gene Expression Analysis of Sporadic Early-Onset Rectal Adenocarcinoma. 散发性早发性直肠腺癌基因表达分析。

Gastrointestinal cancer : research & therapy

Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-03

V Nfonsam, W Xu, J Koblinski, J Jandova

Background: Overall declines in incidence of rectal cancer (RC) in patients older than 50 years have been mostly attributed to improvement in treatment modalities and introduction of age-based screening. Recent studies, however, have shown a rise in the incidence of RC in patients younger than 50 years. The etiology of early-onset (EO) RC is not well understood. The aim of this study is to elucidate the molecular features of (EO) RC and show its uniqueness compared to late-onset (LO) disease.

Methods: Two cohorts of patients with sporadic RC were identified. Tumors and matching non-involved tissues from six (EO) RC patients (< 50 years) and six (LO) RC patients (>65 years) were obtained from Pathology archives. Deparaffinized tissues were macro-dissected from FFPE sections, RNA isolated and used for expression profiling of 770 cancer related genes representing 13 canonical pathways. Statistical analysis was performed using the Gene Expression R-script module within the nCounter software v2.6. A gene was considered to be above background if the average count for the target gene was greater than the average counts for the eight negative control genes and if the P value of the t-test was less than 0.05.

Results: When we compared rectal tumors to non-involved rectal tissues, changes in expression levels of 171 genes were statistically significant in early-onset group and 151 genes in late-onset group. Further comparative gene expression analysis between early- and late-onset rectal tumors normalized to their matching non-involved tissues revealed that changes in expression of 65 genes were unique to early-onset rectal tumors with 16 genes being up- and 49 genes down-regulated using the cutoff criteria of expression levels difference >2 fold and p-value <0.01. At the pathway level, MAPK signaling was the most deregulated pathway in early-onset rectal tumors compared to PI3K-AKT signaling pathway being the most deregulated in late-onset rectal tumors.

Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that sporadic early-onset rectal cancer is characterized by distinct molecular events compared to late-onset disease.

背景:50岁以上患者直肠癌(RC)发病率的总体下降主要归因于治疗方式的改进和基于年龄的筛查的引入。然而，最近的研究表明，年龄小于50岁的患者中RC的发病率有所上升。早发性(EO) RC的病因尚不清楚。本研究的目的是阐明(EO) RC的分子特征，并显示其与晚发性(LO)疾病相比的独特性。方法:确定两组散发性RC患者。从病理学档案中获得6例(EO) RC患者(< 50岁)和6例(LO) RC患者(>65岁)的肿瘤和匹配的非受累组织。从FFPE切片上宏观解剖脱烃组织，分离RNA并用于代表13个典型途径的770个癌症相关基因的表达谱分析。使用nCounter软件v2.6中的Gene Expression R-script模块进行统计分析。如果目标基因的平均计数大于8个阴性对照基因的平均计数，且t检验的P值小于0.05，则认为该基因高于背景。结果:将直肠肿瘤与非受累直肠组织进行比较，早发组171个基因表达量变化有统计学意义，晚发组151个基因表达量变化有统计学意义。进一步对比分析早发性和晚发性直肠肿瘤与与其匹配的非累及组织归一化后的基因表达，发现65个基因的表达变化是早发性直肠肿瘤所特有的，以表达水平差异>2倍和p值为截止标准，16个基因表达上调，49个基因表达下调。本研究结果表明，散发性早发性直肠癌与晚发性疾病相比具有不同的分子事件特征。

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