Pub Date : 2022-01-24DOI: 10.18176/archmeddeporte.00066
Mona Alizadeh, Shahnaz Shahrbanian, A. Hackney
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare three types of resistance training including traditional, circular and interval in non-athletic men with obesity in comparison to a control group for neuregulin 4, adiponectin and leptin responses. Material and method The sample of the study included 44 non-athletic men with obesity, who were randomly divided into the 4 equal groups (10 per each group): traditional, circular, and interval resistance training as well as a control group. Neuregulin 4, leptin and adiponectin were analyzed using ELISA commercial kits. Results The results of mixed-design ANOVA with repeated measures showed that there was a significant interaction between the type of resistance training used and time on neuregulin 4 (F (3, 40) = 80.22, P= 0.005, ES = 0.85), leptin (F (3, 40) = 27.53, P= 0.005, ES = 0.67) and adiponectin (F (3, 40) = 12.44, P= 0.005, ES = 0.48). Considering the main effect of groups, results indicated that there was a significant difference between types of resistance training and control group in neuregulin 4 (F (1, 40) =41.31, P=0.005, ES = 0.75), adiponectin (F (1, 40) =15.08, P=0.005, ES = 0.53) and leptin (F (1, 40) =32.05, P = 0.005, ES = 0.70). Conclusion Findings suggest that resistance training, especially interval resistance training can lead to increase the plasma level of neuregulin 4, adiponectin and decrease leptin in non-athletic men with obesity. Interval training showed superior effects on all study outcomes followed by circular and traditional training, respectively.
目的本研究的目的是比较三种类型的阻力训练，包括传统，循环和间歇训练的非运动肥胖男性与对照组相比，神经调节蛋白4，脂联素和瘦素的反应。材料和方法研究样本包括44名非运动肥胖男性，他们被随机分为4组(每组10人):传统、循环、间歇阻力训练和对照组。采用ELISA试剂盒分析神经调节蛋白4、瘦素和脂联素。结果重复测量的混合设计方差分析结果显示，抗阻训练类型与时间对神经调节蛋白4 (F (3,40) = 80.22, P= 0.005, ES = 0.85)、瘦素(F (3,40) = 27.53, P= 0.005, ES = 0.67)和脂联素(F (3,40) = 12.44, P= 0.005, ES = 0.48)的影响显著。考虑各组主效应，结果显示，不同类型抗阻训练组与对照组在神经调节蛋白4 (F (1,40) =41.31, P=0.005, ES = 0.75)、脂联素(F (1,40) =15.08, P=0.005, ES = 0.53)和瘦素(F (1,40) =32.05, P=0.005, ES = 0.70)方面存在显著差异。结论抗阻训练，特别是间歇抗阻训练可导致非运动男性肥胖患者血浆神经调节蛋白4、脂联素水平升高，瘦素水平降低。间歇训练对所有研究结果的影响均优于循环训练和传统训练。
{"title":"Comparison of the effects of 12 weeks of three types of resistance training (traditional, circular and interval) on the levels of neuregulin 4, adiponectin and leptin in non-athletic men with obesity.","authors":"Mona Alizadeh, Shahnaz Shahrbanian, A. Hackney","doi":"10.18176/archmeddeporte.00066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18176/archmeddeporte.00066","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives\u0000The purpose of this study was to compare three types of resistance training including traditional, circular and interval in non-athletic men with obesity in comparison to a control group for neuregulin 4, adiponectin and leptin responses.\u0000\u0000\u0000Material and method\u0000The sample of the study included 44 non-athletic men with obesity, who were randomly divided into the 4 equal groups (10 per each group): traditional, circular, and interval resistance training as well as a control group. Neuregulin 4, leptin and adiponectin were analyzed using ELISA commercial kits.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000The results of mixed-design ANOVA with repeated measures showed that there was a significant interaction between the type of resistance training used and time on neuregulin 4 (F (3, 40) = 80.22, P= 0.005, ES = 0.85), leptin (F (3, 40) = 27.53, P= 0.005, ES = 0.67) and adiponectin (F (3, 40) = 12.44, P= 0.005, ES = 0.48). Considering the main effect of groups, results indicated that there was a significant difference between types of resistance training and control group in neuregulin 4 (F (1, 40) =41.31, P=0.005, ES = 0.75), adiponectin (F (1, 40) =15.08, P=0.005, ES = 0.53) and leptin (F (1, 40) =32.05, P = 0.005, ES = 0.70).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Findings suggest that resistance training, especially interval resistance training can lead to increase the plasma level of neuregulin 4, adiponectin and decrease leptin in non-athletic men with obesity. Interval training showed superior effects on all study outcomes followed by circular and traditional training, respectively.","PeriodicalId":92987,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de medicina del deporte : publicacion de la Federacion Espanola de Medicina del Deporte","volume":"5 1","pages":"389-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87491834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amy R Lane, Carlos A Magallanes, Anthony C Hackney
The objective of this short review is to discuss how exercise training in men can result in changes in the reproductive system similar to those observed in women who develop athletic amenorrhea or suffer the Female Athlete Triad. Men chronically exposed to training for endurance sports exhibit persistently reduced basal free and total testosterone concentrations without concurrent luteinizing hormone elevations. These men are deemed to have the "Exercise-Hypogonadal Male Condition" (EHMC). Broadly, dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal regulatory axis is associated with either of these states. In women this effect on the axis is linked to the existence of a low energy availability (LEA) state, research in men relative to LEA is ongoing. The exact physiological mechanism inducing the reduction of testosterone in these men is currently unclear but is postulated to be a dysfunction within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal regulatory axis. The potential exists for the reduced testosterone concentrations within EHMC men to be disruptive and detrimental to some anabolic-androgenic testosterone-dependent physiological processes. Findings, while limited, suggest spermatogenesis problems may exist in some cases; thus, infertility risk in such men is a critical concern. Present evidence suggests the EHMC condition is limited to men who have been persistently involved in chronic endurance exercise training for an extended period of time, and thus is not a highly prevalent occurrence. Nevertheless, it is critical that endocrinologist and fertility clinicians become more aware of the existence of EHMC as a potential problem-diagnosis in their male patients who exercise.
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