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Greenspace Inversely Associated with the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in the Mid-Atlantic United States. 在美国大西洋中部,绿地与阿尔茨海默病的风险呈负相关。
Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-02-28 DOI: 10.3390/earth2010009
Jianyong Wu, Laura Jackson

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of dementia in older adults. Treatment of AD symptoms is very challenging and expensive. Appropriate diet as well as mental and physical activity may delay or reduce the occurrence of AD. It is unknown whether environmental factors offer potentially protective effects against the development of AD. We explored the possible beneficial effects of greenspace (trees and herbaceous cover) on the rate of AD in the mid-Atlantic US. Data for initial AD medical claims during 2011-2013 were obtained from Medicare records for 2999 ZIP codes. The percentages of land cover classes in each ZIP code were calculated based on high-resolution land cover imagery. Associations between AD and greenspace, blue space (water), and other variables were examined using zero-inflated Poisson models. The rate of AD was negatively associated with greenspace (for a greenspace increase of 10%, risk ratio (RR) = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89-0.94), and blue space (for a water area increase of 10%, RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81-0.89). The inverse relationships between greenspace and the risk of AD held across season, gender, and race. The rate of AD was positively associated with the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05 for an increase in PM2.5 of 1 μg/m3). Our results suggest that greenspace may have protective effects for AD, although potential mechanisms are unclear and require further investigation.

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种慢性神经退行性疾病,是老年人中最常见的痴呆形式。阿尔茨海默病症状的治疗是非常具有挑战性和昂贵的。适当的饮食以及精神和身体活动可以延缓或减少阿尔茨海默病的发生。目前尚不清楚环境因素是否对AD的发展具有潜在的保护作用。我们探讨了绿化空间(树木和草本覆盖)对美国大西洋中部地区AD发病率的可能有益影响。2011-2013年初始AD医疗索赔数据来自2999个邮政编码的Medicare记录。每个邮政编码的土地覆盖类别的百分比是根据高分辨率的土地覆盖图像计算的。利用零膨胀泊松模型研究了AD与绿色空间、蓝色空间(水)和其他变量之间的关系。AD的发病率与绿地(绿地面积增加10%,风险比(RR) = 0.91, 95%可信区间(CI): 0.89-0.94)和蓝色空间(水域面积增加10%,RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81-0.89)呈负相关。绿色空间与AD风险之间的负相关关系跨越季节、性别和种族。AD发病率与细颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度呈正相关(PM2.5每增加1 μg/m3, RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05)。我们的研究结果表明,绿地可能对AD有保护作用,尽管潜在的机制尚不清楚,需要进一步研究。
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引用次数: 10
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Earth (Basel, Switzerland)
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