Joan M O'Connell, Jennifer E Rockell, Judith C Ouellet, Sherri Yoder, Kimberly E Lind, Charlton Wilson, Andrew Friedson, Spero M Manson
Aims: American Indians and Alaska Native (AI/ANs) peoples experience significant health disparities compared to the U.S. general population. We report comorbidities among AI/ANs with diabetes to guide efforts to improve their health status.
Methods: Drawing upon data for over 640,000 AI/ANs who used services funded by the Indian Health Service, we identified 43,518 adults with diabetes in fiscal year 2010. We reported the prevalence of comorbidities by age and cardiovascular disease (CVD) status. Generalized linear models were estimated to describe associations between CVD and other comorbidities.
Results: Nearly 15% of AI/AN adults had diabetes. Hypertension, CVD and kidney disease were comorbid in 77.9%, 31.6%, and 13.3%, respectively. Nearly 25% exhibited a mental health disorder; 5.7%, an alcohol or drug use disorder. Among AI/ANs with diabetes absent CVD, 46.9% had 2 or more other chronic conditions; the percentage among adults with diabetes and CVD was 75.5%. Hypertension and tobacco use disorders were associated with a 71% (95% CI for prevalence ratio: 1.63 - 1.80) and 33% (1.28 - 1.37) higher prevalence of CVD, respectively, compared to adults without these conditions.
Conclusion: Detailed information on the morbidity burden of AI/ANs with diabetes may inform enhancements to strategies implemented to prevent and treat CVD and other comorbidities.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease and Other Comorbidities Among American Indian and Alaska Native Adults with Diabetes.","authors":"Joan M O'Connell, Jennifer E Rockell, Judith C Ouellet, Sherri Yoder, Kimberly E Lind, Charlton Wilson, Andrew Friedson, Spero M Manson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>American Indians and Alaska Native (AI/ANs) peoples experience significant health disparities compared to the U.S. general population. We report comorbidities among AI/ANs with diabetes to guide efforts to improve their health status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drawing upon data for over 640,000 AI/ANs who used services funded by the Indian Health Service, we identified 43,518 adults with diabetes in fiscal year 2010. We reported the prevalence of comorbidities by age and cardiovascular disease (CVD) status. Generalized linear models were estimated to describe associations between CVD and other comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly 15% of AI/AN adults had diabetes. Hypertension, CVD and kidney disease were comorbid in 77.9%, 31.6%, and 13.3%, respectively. Nearly 25% exhibited a mental health disorder; 5.7%, an alcohol or drug use disorder. Among AI/ANs with diabetes absent CVD, 46.9% had 2 or more other chronic conditions; the percentage among adults with diabetes and CVD was 75.5%. Hypertension and tobacco use disorders were associated with a 71% (95% CI for prevalence ratio: 1.63 - 1.80) and 33% (1.28 - 1.37) higher prevalence of CVD, respectively, compared to adults without these conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Detailed information on the morbidity burden of AI/ANs with diabetes may inform enhancements to strategies implemented to prevent and treat CVD and other comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":93429,"journal":{"name":"EC endocrinology and metabolic research","volume":"6 2","pages":"5-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8580367/pdf/nihms-1751606.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39702703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aliya Feroe, Richard Broene, David Albuquerque, Patricia Ruiz
Exposure to environmental chemicals can produce effects on the endocrine system through epigenetic mechanisms. These can considerably decrease or increase the sensitivity of multiple hormones depending on the dose, route, or time of exposure. The exposure of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during the in utero period could be a critical window, altering the epigenome profile. Recently, several researchers suggest a role of EDCs in the obesity epidemic. In this brief review, we focused on how four EDCs (bisphenol A, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and tributyltin) may underlay transgenerational epigenetic effects. We also discuss the adipogenesis signaling pathway and the impact of exposure to individual or mixtures of EDCs on the developing endocrine system. Understanding the molecular determinants of epigenetic memory across generations will provide essential insight into how environmental exposure can affect the health of individuals, as well as subsequent generations.
{"title":"Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals, Transgenerational Epigenetics and Metabolic Diseases.","authors":"Aliya Feroe, Richard Broene, David Albuquerque, Patricia Ruiz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to environmental chemicals can produce effects on the endocrine system through epigenetic mechanisms. These can considerably decrease or increase the sensitivity of multiple hormones depending on the dose, route, or time of exposure. The exposure of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during the <i>in utero</i> period could be a critical window, altering the epigenome profile. Recently, several researchers suggest a role of EDCs in the obesity epidemic. In this brief review, we focused on how four EDCs (bisphenol A, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and tributyltin) may underlay transgenerational epigenetic effects. We also discuss the adipogenesis signaling pathway and the impact of exposure to individual or mixtures of EDCs on the developing endocrine system. Understanding the molecular determinants of epigenetic memory across generations will provide essential insight into how environmental exposure can affect the health of individuals, as well as subsequent generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93429,"journal":{"name":"EC endocrinology and metabolic research","volume":"21 ","pages":"31-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8563023/pdf/nihms-1700397.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39842280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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