Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine最新文献

MicroRNAs species are short, noncoding RNAs formed of 19–24 nucleotides. MicroRNAs play an essential role in the regulation of the humoral biochemical processes, cellular proliferation, or other biological processes in the human body. Tissue injuries, biochemical dysfunction, and physiological imbalances are followed by a significant change in the expression of microRNAs in biological fluids. With the recent advances in bioanalysis techniques, it is now possible to identify the microRNA species in biological fluids in specific situations for polytrauma patients. In this paper, we present the importance and the clinical significance of using microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for critically ill polytrauma patients.

Petrol pump workers are occupationally exposed to benzene through their contact with gasoline vapors. The toxicity of benzene has been related to its metabolism. This study investigated the association of CYP2E1 and CYP1A1m2 with sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and tail moment (TM) value in workers occupationally exposed to gasoline fumes. Blood and urine samples were collected from 50 petrol pump workers and 50 control individuals matched with respect to age and other confounding factors except for exposure to benzene through gasoline vapors. To determine the benzene exposure, hydroquinone level was analyzed in urinary samples of exposed and control individuals. Urinary mean hydroquinone level was found to be significantly high (p < 0.05) in exposed workers. Our results showed that mean SCE frequency and TM value were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in exposed workers (5.56 ± 0.80 and 19.50 ± 2.16 μm, respectively) than control individuals (2.83 ± 0.39 and 1.00 ± 0.00 μm, respectively). Regarding the effect of CYP2E1 polymorphism, it was found that mutant genotypes (homozygous and heterozygous) showed significant high mean frequency of SCE (6.11 ± 0.51 and 5.98 ± 0.54, respectively) and TM (16.13 ± 4.36 μm and 13.24 ± 2.24 μm, respectively) value in exposed individuals (p < 0.05). With regard to the CYP1A1m2 polymorphism, it was observed that mutant genotypes (homozygous and heterozygous) had higher but nonsignificant mean value of SCE frequency (5.86 ± 1.07 and 5.86 ± 1.07, respectively) and significantly higher TM value (14.97 ± 3.74 μm and 13.93 ± 2.23 μm, respectively) in exposed individuals.

This study aimed to evaluate the anti-osteoporosis effect of CSN1S2 protein from goat milk and yoghurt on a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model in rats. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into six groups: control (untreated) group (C), group treated with CSN1S2 (CM) protein from goat milk, group treated with CSN1S2 protein from goat yoghurt (CY), RA group, RA group treated with CSN1S2 protein from goat milk (RAM), and RA group treated with goat yoghurt (RAY). Mineral elements and mesostructure were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. Bone histomorphometry was analyzed using the BoneJ software. One way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were used to analyze and compare the means of all variables between groups. The phosphorus levels were not significantly different between treatment groups relative to the control group (p > 0.05), but were significantly higher in the CM and RAY groups relative to that observed in the CY group (p < 0.05). CSN1S2 protein of goat milk repaired the collagen structure in the femur trabecular bone. The trabecular thickness and volume were significantly lower in CM and CY groups relative to the control group (p < 0.05). The trabecular volume also decreased significantly in the CM group relative to the control group (p < 0.05). The trabecular thickness was significantly lower in the CY group relative to the CM group (p < 0.05), but the trabecular separation and trabecular volume were significantly greater (p < 0.05). The trabecular volumes were significantly elevated in the RAM and RAY groups relative to the CM group (p < 0.05). The trabecular thickness was significantly higher in the RAY group relative to the CM and CY groups (p < 0.05). CSN1S2 protein of goat milk is better than goat yoghurt in repairing femur crystallization and mesostructure in CFA-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats.

The purpose of the present study was to provide the first evidence of the potential function of the polyherbal combination of soybeans, brown rice, and coconut water (EMSA eritin), as it has been suggested as a therapeutic agent because it, at least in part, increases the production of functional hematopoietic stem cells after irradiation. The study was conducted with 24 male mice (Mus musculus), which were divided into six groups consisting of four mice each. This study used three EMSA eritin doses: 1.04 mg/kg body weight (B.W.), 3.125 mg/kg B.W., and 9.375 mg/kg B.W. All treatment groups, except for normal controls, were exposed to sublethal doses of irradiation and then given EMSA eritin therapy for 15 days. Growth and differentiation of CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes in the thymus and the number of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1)-expressing cells in the spleen, bone marrow, and liver were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results showed that administration of EMSA eritin was capable of significantly inducing lymphocytic proliferation and differentiation and increased the number of SDF1-expressing cells in the spleen, bone marrow, and liver. SDF1 is a chemokine essential to lymphocyte migration and hematopoietic cell development; thus, it can be concluded that EMSA eritin is a good candidate as a therapeutic agent to restore the number of hematopoietic cells after irradiation.

This study aimed to investigate whether combined supplementation with vitamin C and vitamin E was able to modify the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the ovarium of rats exposed to rhodamine B. Twenty-five female Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups (n = 5 each), including control (untreated group); rhodamine B group; rhodamine B group which received vitamin C (0.2 mg) + vitamin E (0.04 IU/g body weight); rhodamine B group which received vitamin C (0.4 mg) + vitamin E (0.04 IU/g body weight); and the rhodamine B group which received vitamin C (0.8 mg) + vitamin E (0.04 IU/g body weight). Analysis of MDA levels as a marker of lipid peroxidation was done spectrophotometrically. Analysis of SOD levels was done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technically. Endometrial histology was analyzed in hematoxylin eosin staining. This increase in ovarian MDA was significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated by the two highest dose treatments of combined vitamin C and vitamin E. Rhodamine B significantly decreased SOD levels compared to the untreated group. This decrease in ovarian SOD level was significantly attenuated by the second and third doses of the combined vitamin C and vitamin E. The vascular number and gland density were significantly lower in the rhodamine B group compared to the untreated control group (p > 0.05). All doses also significantly prevented rhodamine B-induced decrease in the vascular number and gland density. In conclusion, the protective effect of combined vitamin C and vitamin E against ovarian and endometrial toxicity in rats receiving oral rhodamine B is due to inhibition of the lipid peroxidation, modulation of SOD levels, and the endometrium repairing effect.