Biosensors are crucial for detecting various analytes relevant to bioanalytical applications. To enhance the specificity and sensitivity of biosensors, bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) have been utilized, which demonstrate significant potential for sensing applications owing to their constituent materials’ inherent properties, small size, unique architectural features, and biomimetic behavior. Among BNPs, Au–Ag BNPs are promising for sensing applications owing to their small size, high sensitivity, and distinctive characteristics. Herein, we first briefly present the development of Au–Ag BNPs and discuss the fundamentals. Subsequently, we present the relationship between the synthesis method and structure of Au–Ag BNPs. Furthermore, recent advancements in Au–Ag BNPs are highlighted for their role in enhancing biosensors, particularly for electrode modifiers, signal amplifiers, and recognition materials. Finally, we propose several existing challenges and summarize insights pertaining to the potential development of Au–Ag BNPs for biosensing applications.
{"title":"Au–Ag bimetallic nanoparticles: Synthesis, structure, and application in sensing","authors":"Ajinkya Nene , Ganesha Antarnusa , Kanika Dulta , Sorour Sadeghzade , Liwen Wang , Chandan Hunsur Ravikumar , Junaid Aman , Banlambhabok Khongthaw , Abhishek Kandwal , Prakash Somani , Ashish Kumar , Krishnamoorthy Ramachandran , Vadivel Subramaniam , Massimiliano Galluzzi , Shixue Dou , Xinghui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biosensors are crucial for detecting various analytes relevant to bioanalytical applications. To enhance the specificity and sensitivity of biosensors, bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) have been utilized, which demonstrate significant potential for sensing applications owing to their constituent materials’ inherent properties, small size, unique architectural features, and biomimetic behavior. Among BNPs, Au–Ag BNPs are promising for sensing applications owing to their small size, high sensitivity, and distinctive characteristics. Herein, we first briefly present the development of Au–Ag BNPs and discuss the fundamentals. Subsequently, we present the relationship between the synthesis method and structure of Au–Ag BNPs. Furthermore, recent advancements in Au–Ag BNPs are highlighted for their role in enhancing biosensors, particularly for electrode modifiers, signal amplifiers, and recognition materials. Finally, we propose several existing challenges and summarize insights pertaining to the potential development of Au–Ag BNPs for biosensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 331-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.001
Xianglin Wang , Hong Lian , Liang Zhao , Zhitao Qin , Yongge Yang , Tianxiao Xiao , Shuanglong Wang , Qingchen Dong
Tuning the conjugated bridges between the electron-donor and electron-acceptor moieties plays a crucial role in enhancing the memristive properties of organic materials, yet it is rarely reported. Herein, we designed and synthesized four donor–acceptor (D-A) organic small molecules, namely 4,7-bis(4-((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DF-BT), 4,7-bis((4-((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)ethynyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DF-ynl-BT), 4,7-bis(5-(4-((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DF-Th-BT), and 4,7-bis((5-(4-((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)ethynyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DF-Th-ynl-BT), featuring unique conjugated bridges. These molecules were employed as active layers in resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices to systematically investigate the influence of conjugation bridges on the electrical parameters. The results revealed that devices based on DF-BT, DF-ynl-BT, and DF-Th-BT exhibited write-once-read-many-times (WORM) characteristics, while the DF-Th-ynl-BT-based device demonstrated stable Flash-type switching behavior. Compared to DF-BT, memory devices utilizing DF-ynl-BT, DF-Th-BT, and DF-Th-ynl-BT, which incorporate additional conjugated bridges, exhibited nonvolatile memory properties with reduced threshold voltages, an improved ON/OFF current ratio, enhanced stability, and better uniformity. These findings demonstrated that tailoring the conjugated bridges in D-A molecules can effectively modulate resistive memory behavior and enhance device performance. Furthermore, the DF-Th-ynl-BT-based device was successfully integrated into logic gate circuits and display functions, highlighting its significant potential for applications in artificial intelligence (AI) neural networks.
{"title":"Tailoring memory performance via engineering conjugated bridges in benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole based donor–acceptor small molecules","authors":"Xianglin Wang , Hong Lian , Liang Zhao , Zhitao Qin , Yongge Yang , Tianxiao Xiao , Shuanglong Wang , Qingchen Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuning the conjugated bridges between the electron-donor and electron-acceptor moieties plays a crucial role in enhancing the memristive properties of organic materials, yet it is rarely reported. Herein, we designed and synthesized four donor–acceptor (D-A) organic small molecules, namely 4,7-bis(4-((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DF-BT), 4,7-bis((4-((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)ethynyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DF-<em>ynl</em>-BT), 4,7-bis(5-(4-((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DF-<em>Th</em>-BT), and 4,7-bis((5-(4-((9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)ethynyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DF-<em>Th</em>-<em>ynl</em>-BT), featuring unique conjugated bridges. These molecules were employed as active layers in resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices to systematically investigate the influence of conjugation bridges on the electrical parameters. The results revealed that devices based on DF-BT, DF-<em>ynl</em>-BT, and DF-<em>Th</em>-BT exhibited write-once-read-many-times (WORM) characteristics, while the DF-<em>Th</em>-<em>ynl</em>-BT-based device demonstrated stable Flash-type switching behavior. Compared to DF-BT, memory devices utilizing DF-<em>ynl</em>-BT, DF-<em>Th</em>-BT, and DF-<em>Th</em>-<em>ynl</em>-BT, which incorporate additional conjugated bridges, exhibited nonvolatile memory properties with reduced threshold voltages, an improved ON/OFF current ratio, enhanced stability, and better uniformity. These findings demonstrated that tailoring the conjugated bridges in <span>D</span>-A molecules can effectively modulate resistive memory behavior and enhance device performance. Furthermore, the DF-<em>Th</em>-<em>ynl</em>-BT-based device was successfully integrated into logic gate circuits and display functions, highlighting its significant potential for applications in artificial intelligence (AI) neural networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 360-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.002
Rushikesh G. Bobade , Bidhan Pandit , Akhil P. Khedulkar , Shoyebmohamad F. Shaikh , Revanappa C. Ambare
This study focused on the synthesis of cerium oxide (CeO2) electrodes using the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method to enhance supercapacitor performance. The fabricated thin films exhibited a face-centered cubic structure of cerium oxide with a distinctive cauliflower-like nanostructure. This unique morphology increased the surface area, facilitated efficient ion diffusion, and significantly improved the electrochemical performance. The CeO2 electrodes achieved a high specific capacitance of 659 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, as measured by cyclic voltammetry. The electrodes delivered a maximum energy density of 64 Wh/kg and a power density of 3499 W/kg. These results demonstrated that CeO2 thin films are promising candidates for advanced supercapacitors and hold great potential for future energy storage applications.
{"title":"High-performance cerium oxide thin film electrodes prepared by layered deposition technique for enhanced supercapacitor performance","authors":"Rushikesh G. Bobade , Bidhan Pandit , Akhil P. Khedulkar , Shoyebmohamad F. Shaikh , Revanappa C. Ambare","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focused on the synthesis of cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) electrodes using the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method to enhance supercapacitor performance. The fabricated thin films exhibited a face-centered cubic structure of cerium oxide with a distinctive cauliflower-like nanostructure. This unique morphology increased the surface area, facilitated efficient ion diffusion, and significantly improved the electrochemical performance. The CeO<sub>2</sub> electrodes achieved a high specific capacitance of 659 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, as measured by cyclic voltammetry. The electrodes delivered a maximum energy density of 64 Wh/kg and a power density of 3499 W/kg. These results demonstrated that CeO<sub>2</sub> thin films are promising candidates for advanced supercapacitors and hold great potential for future energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 388-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.003
B.A. Anandh, A. Shankar Ganesh, P. Nandakumar, D. Saranya
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a transformative technology in photovoltaics due to their high absorption coefficient and potential for low-cost, high-efficiency solar energy conversion. Optimizing the electron transport layer (ETL) remains a critical challenge, as it significantly influences charge carrier dynamics and overall device performance. This study explores strontium (Sr) doped hydrothermally synthesized molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) as ETL to enhance the power conversation efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs. The encapsulation of Sr within MoSe2 (Sr@MoSe2) demonstrates a notable enhancement in photovoltaic parameters, achieving a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 13.73 mA/cm², an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.04 V, a fill factor (FF) of 82%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.12%, compared to pristine MoSe2 (Jsc = 11.05 mA/cm², Voc = 1.03 V, FF = 70%, PCE = 7.97%). Transient photovoltage and impedance spectroscopy analysis confirm that Sr modification facilitates improved charge extraction and reduces recombination losses at the ETL perovskite interface. These results underscore the effectiveness of Sr incorporation in enhancing both the efficiency and operational stability of perovskite solar cells. This work not only provides a promising strategy for ETL optimization but also opens avenues for future research into tailored material engineering for next-generation photovoltaic devices.
{"title":"Strontium encapsulated molybdenum diselenide as an enhanced electron transport layer for high efficiency perovskite solar cells","authors":"B.A. Anandh, A. Shankar Ganesh, P. Nandakumar, D. Saranya","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a transformative technology in photovoltaics due to their high absorption coefficient and potential for low-cost, high-efficiency solar energy conversion. Optimizing the electron transport layer (ETL) remains a critical challenge, as it significantly influences charge carrier dynamics and overall device performance. This study explores strontium (Sr) doped hydrothermally synthesized molybdenum diselenide (MoSe<sub>2</sub>) as ETL to enhance the power conversation efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs. The encapsulation of Sr within MoSe<sub>2</sub> (Sr@MoSe<sub>2</sub>) demonstrates a notable enhancement in photovoltaic parameters, achieving a short-circuit current density (<em>J</em>sc) of 13.73 mA/cm², an open-circuit voltage (<em>V</em>oc) of 1.04 V, a fill factor (FF) of 82%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.12%, compared to pristine MoSe<sub>2</sub> (<em>J</em>sc = 11.05 mA/cm², <em>V</em>oc = 1.03 V, FF = 70%, PCE = 7.97%). Transient photovoltage and impedance spectroscopy analysis confirm that Sr modification facilitates improved charge extraction and reduces recombination losses at the ETL perovskite interface. These results underscore the effectiveness of Sr incorporation in enhancing both the efficiency and operational stability of perovskite solar cells. This work not only provides a promising strategy for ETL optimization but also opens avenues for future research into tailored material engineering for next-generation photovoltaic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 399-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.03.002
Yvning Guan, Wen Xu, Hongqi Ai
Enhancing the activity of α-secretase has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). The exploration of small molecules that can enhance α-secretase activity and their mechanisms provides insights for future AD treatments and the development of novel activators. In this study, ADAM10, a major α-secretase, is used as a model and is bound with the ligands (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and ferulic acid (FA) in a 1:2 ratio (ADAM10:EGCG/FA = 1:2/2) and equimolar ratio (ADAM10:EGCG:FA = 1:1:1) to investigate the effects on ADAM10 activation and reveal the synergistic mechanism of the EGCG and FA combination. The activity of ADAM10 was enhanced by the combination of EGCG and FA, compared to that achieved with EGCG or FA alone, where EGCG plays a dominant role, whereas FA plays a supportive role. The combined use of EGCG induces strong hydrophobic interactions between ADAM10 and FA, causing FA to dissociate from the S1 domain, thereby preventing the inhibition of ADAM10 activity by pure FA. The presence of FA allows EGCG to bind more precisely within the active cavity of ADAM10, thereby increasing the binding strength. Overall, the combination of EGCG and FA significantly increased the distance between the S1 domain and the cysteine-rich C-terminus, further opening up the cavity containing the active sites, consequently exposing more active sites and enhancing the activity of ADAM10.
{"title":"Mechanism of synergistic enhancement of α-secretase (ADAM10) activity by EGCG and FA","authors":"Yvning Guan, Wen Xu, Hongqi Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the activity of α-secretase has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). The exploration of small molecules that can enhance α-secretase activity and their mechanisms provides insights for future AD treatments and the development of novel activators. In this study, ADAM10, a major α-secretase, is used as a model and is bound with the ligands (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and ferulic acid (FA) in a 1:2 ratio (ADAM10:EGCG/FA = 1:2/2) and equimolar ratio (ADAM10:EGCG:FA = 1:1:1) to investigate the effects on ADAM10 activation and reveal the synergistic mechanism of the EGCG and FA combination. The activity of ADAM10 was enhanced by the combination of EGCG and FA, compared to that achieved with EGCG or FA alone, where EGCG plays a dominant role, whereas FA plays a supportive role. The combined use of EGCG induces strong hydrophobic interactions between ADAM10 and FA, causing FA to dissociate from the S1 domain, thereby preventing the inhibition of ADAM10 activity by pure FA. The presence of FA allows EGCG to bind more precisely within the active cavity of ADAM10, thereby increasing the binding strength. Overall, the combination of EGCG and FA significantly increased the distance between the S1 domain and the cysteine-rich C-terminus, further opening up the cavity containing the active sites, consequently exposing more active sites and enhancing the activity of ADAM10.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 372-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.005
Daniel Manhouli Daawe , Cedric Karel Fonzeu Monguen , Stephane Kenmoe , Patrick Mountapmbeme Kouotou
This study reports the synthesis of three sets of high-performance manganese (Mn)-doped Co3O4 porous nanocrystals (PNCs) (5%Mn@Co3O4, 10%Mn@Co3O4, and 15%Mn@Co3O4) using a simple chemical co-precipitation method. These catalysts were then used for the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO). This investigation focused on the effects of Co2+ or Co3+ substitution by Mn2+ or Mn3+ within the Co3O4 matrix on various properties of the PNCs, including their physicochemical characteristics, morphology, microstructure, reducibility, thermal stability, and their impact on the catalytic performance. Comprehensive characterization using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Hydrogen-Temperature Programmed Reduction and (H2-TPR), was employed to elucidate the factors responsible for effective CO oxidation. Compared to pure Mn3O4 and Co3O4, the Mn@Co3O4 PNCs catalysts exhibited a more controllable microstructure and better dispersion of the active phase. The 5%Mn@Co3O4 catalyst demonstrated the highest activity, achieving 90% CO oxidation at 197 °C. This superior performance is attributed to its large specific surface area, excellent reduction capacity, and abundant oxygen species and vacancies. H2-TPR and XPS analyses provided further insights into the reaction mechanism. Density functional theory calculations showed that the formation of bulk oxygen vacancies is more favorable when Mn3+ is substituted at the Co2+ sites. Overall, the chemical coprecipitation method offers a straightforward and cost-effective approach for producing Mn@Co3O4 catalysts suitable for CO abatement in exhaust and flue gases.
{"title":"Investigation of Mn-doping effects on the structural, morphological, thermal, and catalytic properties of Co3O4 spinel nanoparticle catalysts for CO oxidation","authors":"Daniel Manhouli Daawe , Cedric Karel Fonzeu Monguen , Stephane Kenmoe , Patrick Mountapmbeme Kouotou","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the synthesis of three sets of high-performance manganese (Mn)-doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> porous nanocrystals (PNCs) (5%Mn@Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, 10%Mn@Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and 15%Mn@Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) using a simple chemical co-precipitation method. These catalysts were then used for the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO). This investigation focused on the effects of Co<sup>2+</sup> or Co<sup>3+</sup> substitution by Mn<sup>2+</sup> or Mn<sup>3+</sup> within the Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> matrix on various properties of the PNCs, including their physicochemical characteristics, morphology, microstructure, reducibility, thermal stability, and their impact on the catalytic performance. Comprehensive characterization using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Hydrogen-Temperature Programmed Reduction and (H<sub>2</sub>-TPR), was employed to elucidate the factors responsible for effective CO oxidation. Compared to pure Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, the Mn@Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> PNCs catalysts exhibited a more controllable microstructure and better dispersion of the active phase. The 5%Mn@Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> catalyst demonstrated the highest activity, achieving 90% CO oxidation at 197 °C. This superior performance is attributed to its large specific surface area, excellent reduction capacity, and abundant oxygen species and vacancies. H<sub>2</sub>-TPR and XPS analyses provided further insights into the reaction mechanism. Density functional theory calculations showed that the formation of bulk oxygen vacancies is more favorable when Mn<sup>3+</sup> is substituted at the Co<sup>2+</sup> sites. Overall, the chemical coprecipitation method offers a straightforward and cost-effective approach for producing Mn@Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> catalysts suitable for CO abatement in exhaust and flue gases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 425-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.04.001
Atriy B. Ghetiya , Sunil H. Chaki , Jiten P. Tailor , Ankurkumar J. Khimani , Sandip V. Bhatt , M.P. Deshpande
In recent years, Rhenium-based chalcogenides have gained traction as promising materials for optoelectronic applications. The photoresponse of the as-grown rhenium chalcogenide ReS2-xSex (x = 0, 1, 2) single crystals was investigated under varying incident wavelengths and bias conditions of 0 and +3 V. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were performed to assess the crystal structure and surface quality for photodetection applications. The photodetection properties indicate favorable potential for switching applications within the photocurrent range of 10−9 A. Notably, the photoresponse of ReS2-xSex (x = 0, 1, 2) exhibited significant enhancement, achieving responsivity of 4.78 × 10−3 A/W, detectivity of 9.16 × 109 Jones, and response time of <0.2 s. These values demonstrate the potential of these single crystals for advanced optoelectronic applications.
{"title":"Composition-dependent opto electronic characteristics of rhenium chalcogenide ReS2-xSex (x = 0, 1, 2) single crystals","authors":"Atriy B. Ghetiya , Sunil H. Chaki , Jiten P. Tailor , Ankurkumar J. Khimani , Sandip V. Bhatt , M.P. Deshpande","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, Rhenium-based chalcogenides have gained traction as promising materials for optoelectronic applications. The photoresponse of the as-grown rhenium chalcogenide ReS<sub>2-</sub><em><sub>x</sub></em>Se<em><sub>x</sub></em> (<em>x</em> = 0, 1, 2) single crystals was investigated under varying incident wavelengths and bias conditions of 0 and +3 V. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were performed to assess the crystal structure and surface quality for photodetection applications. The photodetection properties indicate favorable potential for switching applications within the photocurrent range of 10<sup>−9</sup> A. Notably, the photoresponse of ReS<sub>2<em>-</em></sub><sub><em>x</em></sub>Se<em><sub>x</sub></em> (<em>x</em> = 0, 1, 2) exhibited significant enhancement, achieving responsivity of 4.78 × 10<sup>−3</sup> A/W, detectivity of 9.16 × 10<sup>9</sup> Jones, and response time of <0.2 s. These values demonstrate the potential of these single crystals for advanced optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 380-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.06.001
Huihe Gao , Na Li , Chuanlin Li , Xixi Zhang , Wenjie Liu , Jing Sun , Qingxiu Yu , Jiawei Zhu , Chenggang Wang , Xijin Xu
Nickel/cobalt-based materials are promising cathodes owing to the high redox potential, high specific capacity, and long cycling performance. However, with the mass-loading of the electrode increasing, it greatly hinders the ion diffusion and charge transport, resulting in serious decrease of the electrode capacity. Herein, a hierarchical nickel-cobalt-based porous nanoflower structure (NiCo-Nanoflower) composed of numerous ultrathin nanosheets is synthesized, which significantly enhances the surface area and provides additional active sites. Besides, the abundant oxygen defects in NiCo-Nanoflower significantly enhance its electrical conductivity. Therefore, the NiCo-Nanoflower electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of up to 210.4 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and excellent rate retention of 180.4 mAh g−1 at 8 A g−1 (104 mA cm−2) even under high areal mass loading of 13 mg cm−2. Upon assembly in a NiCo//Zn battery system, the configuration demonstrates exceptional electrochemical stability, maintaining 74.3% capacity retention after 5000 cycles. This work demonstrates that NiCo-Nanoflower, equipped with three-dimensional microstructure and oxygen-enriched defects, holds significant potential for application in high-mass-loading cathodes for alkaline aqueous zinc batteries.
镍钴基材料具有高氧化还原电位、高比容量和长循环性能等优点，是一种很有前途的阴极材料。然而，随着电极质量负荷的增加，极大地阻碍了离子扩散和电荷输运，导致电极容量严重下降。本文合成了由多个超薄纳米片组成的分层镍钴基多孔纳米花结构（nico - nanflower），该结构显著提高了表面面积并提供了额外的活性位点。此外，镍纳米花中丰富的氧缺陷显著提高了其导电性。因此，NiCo-Nanoflower电极在0.5 a g−1时具有高达210.4 mAh g−1的高可逆容量，在8 a g−1 （104 mA cm−2）时具有180.4 mAh g−1的优异保留率，即使在高面积质量负载为13 mg cm−2时也是如此。在NiCo/ Zn电池系统中组装后，该结构表现出优异的电化学稳定性，在5000次循环后保持74.3%的容量保留率。该研究表明，具有三维微观结构和富氧缺陷的NiCo-Nanoflower在碱性锌水电池高质量负极材料中具有重要的应用潜力。
{"title":"High-mass-loading NiCo-LDH hollow nanoflower for high-performance alkaline aqueous zinc batteries","authors":"Huihe Gao , Na Li , Chuanlin Li , Xixi Zhang , Wenjie Liu , Jing Sun , Qingxiu Yu , Jiawei Zhu , Chenggang Wang , Xijin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel/cobalt-based materials are promising cathodes owing to the high redox potential, high specific capacity, and long cycling performance. However, with the mass-loading of the electrode increasing, it greatly hinders the ion diffusion and charge transport, resulting in serious decrease of the electrode capacity. Herein, a hierarchical nickel-cobalt-based porous nanoflower structure (NiCo-Nanoflower) composed of numerous ultrathin nanosheets is synthesized, which significantly enhances the surface area and provides additional active sites. Besides, the abundant oxygen defects in NiCo-Nanoflower significantly enhance its electrical conductivity. Therefore, the NiCo-Nanoflower electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of up to 210.4 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup> and excellent rate retention of 180.4 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 8 A g<sup>−1</sup> (104 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>) even under high areal mass loading of 13 mg cm<sup>−2</sup>. Upon assembly in a NiCo//Zn battery system, the configuration demonstrates exceptional electrochemical stability, maintaining 74.3% capacity retention after 5000 cycles. This work demonstrates that NiCo-Nanoflower, equipped with three-dimensional microstructure and oxygen-enriched defects, holds significant potential for application in high-mass-loading cathodes for alkaline aqueous zinc batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 418-424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.06.003
Akda Zahrotul Wathoni , Kartika A. Madurani , Chin Wei Lai , Fredy Kurniawan
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries for sustainable energy storage. Its widespread availability and lower cost make it an attractive option for future energy storage solutions. This review provides an analysis of the key materials in SIBs, including cathodes, anodes, electrolytes, and separators, highlighting recent advancements and existing challenges. The anode materials reviewed in this article include carbonaceous materials, metal alloys, and organic materials. These anode materials face constraints such as significant volume expansion and poor ionic conductivity. The cathode materials discussed include transition metal oxides, polyanionic compounds, and Prussian Blue analogues, which encounter challenges related to structural stability and ionic conductivity. Exploring the combination of these materials presents a promising strategy for producing high-performance sodium-ion batteries with the potential for future energy storage. The review also discusses electrolyte and separator materials, examining the advantages and disadvantages of liquid, solid, and semi-solid electrolytes. Finally, it addresses the packaging and safety challenges of SIBs.
{"title":"Comprehensive review of sodium-ion battery materials: Advances and performance challenges","authors":"Akda Zahrotul Wathoni , Kartika A. Madurani , Chin Wei Lai , Fredy Kurniawan","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries for sustainable energy storage. Its widespread availability and lower cost make it an attractive option for future energy storage solutions. This review provides an analysis of the key materials in SIBs, including cathodes, anodes, electrolytes, and separators, highlighting recent advancements and existing challenges. The anode materials reviewed in this article include carbonaceous materials, metal alloys, and organic materials. These anode materials face constraints such as significant volume expansion and poor ionic conductivity. The cathode materials discussed include transition metal oxides, polyanionic compounds, and Prussian Blue analogues, which encounter challenges related to structural stability and ionic conductivity. Exploring the combination of these materials presents a promising strategy for producing high-performance sodium-ion batteries with the potential for future energy storage. The review also discusses electrolyte and separator materials, examining the advantages and disadvantages of liquid, solid, and semi-solid electrolytes. Finally, it addresses the packaging and safety challenges of SIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 344-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.004
José A. Jiménez
The making of glasses using lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide as cathode-active material of lithium-ion batteries and phosphorus pentoxide as glass former is herein reported for the first time. The raw materials LiMn2O4 and P2O5 were mixed in various proportions and melted in ambient atmosphere directed by xLiMn2O4-(100 − x)P2O5 with x = 15 mol%, 20 mol%, 25 mol%, 30 mol% and 35 mol% nominal compositions. The materials obtained were subsequently characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), density, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy measurements with decay kinetics analysis. The XRD data supported vitrification in the explored compositional range wherein the density tended to increase with LiMn2O4 concentration. The FT-IR spectra indicated that adding LiMn2O4 at the expense of P2O5 leads to a network depolymerization effect evidenced largely by the upsurge of the vas(PO32−) band of end-of-chain PO4 tetrahedra. DSC results showed that the glass transition temperature increased steadily while glass stability decreased with increasing LiMn2O4 content. The optical absorption measurements showed increasingly the presence of both Mn2+ and Mn3+ ions leading to the development of intense purple hues consistent with LiMn2O4 decomposition in the melts. The PL assessment then scrutinized the manifestation of red-emitting Mn2+ ions wherein an emission suppression trend was observed. The decay dynamics evaluation revealed the shortening of the Mn2+ decay times harmonizing with the PL quenching effect. The original work carried out stimulates additional research regarding the potential of vitrification with P2O5 for the management or upcycling of lithium battery components.
{"title":"Synthesizing glassy materials using LiMn2O4 as cathode powder from Li-ion batteries and P2O5","authors":"José A. Jiménez","doi":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chphma.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The making of glasses using lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide as cathode-active material of lithium-ion batteries and phosphorus pentoxide as glass former is herein reported for the first time. The raw materials LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> were mixed in various proportions and melted in ambient atmosphere directed by <em>x</em>LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-(100 − <em>x</em>)P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> with <em>x</em> = 15 mol%, 20 mol%, 25 mol%, 30 mol% and 35 mol% nominal compositions. The materials obtained were subsequently characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), density, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy measurements with decay kinetics analysis. The XRD data supported vitrification in the explored compositional range wherein the density tended to increase with LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> concentration. The FT-IR spectra indicated that adding LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> at the expense of P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> leads to a network depolymerization effect evidenced largely by the upsurge of the <em>v</em><sub>as</sub>(PO<sub>3</sub><sup>2</sup><sup>−</sup>) band of end-of-chain PO<sub>4</sub> tetrahedra. DSC results showed that the glass transition temperature increased steadily while glass stability decreased with increasing LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> content. The optical absorption measurements showed increasingly the presence of both Mn<sup>2+</sup> and Mn<sup>3+</sup> ions leading to the development of intense purple hues consistent with LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> decomposition in the melts. The PL assessment then scrutinized the manifestation of red-emitting Mn<sup>2+</sup> ions wherein an emission suppression trend was observed. The decay dynamics evaluation revealed the shortening of the Mn<sup>2+</sup> decay times harmonizing with the PL quenching effect. The original work carried out stimulates additional research regarding the potential of vitrification with P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> for the management or upcycling of lithium battery components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100236,"journal":{"name":"ChemPhysMater","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 411-417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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