Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain最新文献

A Stackelberg game framework for promoting battery-powered construction machinery through government subsidies 通过政府补贴推广电池驱动工程机械的斯泰克尔伯格博弈框架

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100180

Diesel-powered construction machinery is a major source of harmful pollutants and carbon emissions. Technological advancements have made battery-powered construction machines (BPCMs) increasingly viable in operations. However, the high purchase prices of BPCMs represent a huge obstacle for contractors to embrace these low-emission alternatives. To facilitate the sustainable development of the construction industry, it is imperative for the government to implement effective subsidy allocation policies to promote the electrification of construction machinery. This paper proposes a Stackelberg game framework for optimal subsidy allocation. In the proposed framework, the government decides the subsidy amount offered to each type of BPCMs to minimize both pollutant emissions and carbon emissions. The contractors can then observe the government’s decision and make their optimal decisions regarding the purchase, operation, and replacement of construction machines accordingly to minimize their total costs. Contractors’ decisions in turn influence the government’s decision. Such an intricate framework has many appealing properties, which are analyzed in depth to provide useful managerial insights. Additionally, the design of effective subsidy policies by the government depends on a precise prediction of the contractors’ demand for construction machinery. To this end, a random forest machine learning model is developed. Real data were collected for model construction and testing. Statistical results and industrial comments show the high quality of our predictions. Overall, this paper is expected to reduce both pollutant and carbon emissions from construction machinery, thereby facilitating the development of green construction.

柴油动力建筑机械是有害污染物和碳排放的主要来源。技术进步使电池驱动的建筑机械 (BPCM) 在作业中越来越可行。然而，电池驱动建筑机械高昂的购买价格是承包商采用这些低排放替代品的巨大障碍。为了促进建筑业的可持续发展，政府必须实施有效的补贴分配政策，以促进建筑机械的电气化。本文提出了一个优化补贴分配的 Stackelberg 博弈框架。在该框架中，政府决定为每种 BPCM 提供的补贴金额，以最大限度地减少污染物排放和碳排放。然后，承包商可以观察政府的决策，并据此做出购买、运营和更换工程机械的最优决策，以最大限度地降低总成本。承包商的决策反过来又会影响政府的决策。这样一个复杂的框架具有许多吸引人的特性，通过对这些特性的深入分析，我们可以获得有用的管理见解。此外，政府设计有效的补贴政策取决于对承包商对工程机械需求的精确预测。为此，我们开发了一个随机森林机器学习模型。模型的构建和测试收集了真实数据。统计结果和行业评论表明，我们的预测质量很高。总之，本文有望减少工程机械的污染物和碳排放，从而促进绿色建筑的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Green logistics optimization for coal supply in a power plant connecting maritime port 优化连接海运港口的发电厂煤炭供应的绿色物流

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100177

This study addresses the coal transportation and flow distribution challenges within a “port-before-plant” type thermal power plant, with a strong emphasis on green logistics principles. Despite significant advancements in clean energy, coal remains a dominant energy source in China, necessitating optimization in its usage and management to mitigate environmental impacts. This paper introduces an integrated optimization model grounded in green logistics and employs an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) algorithm to efficiently manage the coal supply chain from unloading at ports to loading into generators. The model incorporates new parameters and constraints that not only reflect the operational realities of coal logistics but also emphasize minimizing carbon emissions and energy consumption. Numerical experiments demonstrate the algorithm’s superior performance compared to traditional solvers like Gurobi, particularly in handling large-scale instances. Sensitivity analysis reveals the importance of prioritizing efficient and environmentally sustainable unloading and loading equipment, suggesting strategies for optimizing green coal transportation routes. Overall, this research provides valuable insights for policymakers and industry operators to enhance operational efficiency while ensuring environmental sustainability through the implementation of green logistics.

本研究探讨了 "先港后厂 "型火力发电厂的煤炭运输和流量分配难题，重点强调了绿色物流原则。尽管在清洁能源方面取得了重大进展，但煤炭仍是中国的主要能源，因此有必要对其使用和管理进行优化，以减轻对环境的影响。本文介绍了一个以绿色物流为基础的综合优化模型，并采用改进型粒子群优化（IPSO）算法来有效管理从港口卸货到装入发电机的煤炭供应链。该模型采用了新的参数和约束条件，不仅反映了煤炭物流的实际运作情况，还强调最大限度地减少碳排放和能源消耗。数值实验证明，与 Gurobi 等传统求解器相比，该算法性能优越，尤其是在处理大规模实例时。敏感性分析揭示了优先考虑高效和环境可持续的卸载和装载设备的重要性，并提出了优化绿色煤炭运输路线的策略。总之，这项研究为政策制定者和行业运营商提供了宝贵的见解，帮助他们提高运营效率，同时通过实施绿色物流确保环境的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

A dynamic resilience management framework for deep-tier supply networks 深层供应网络的动态复原力管理框架

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100174

The unprecedented supply chain disruptions caused by COVID-19 has had severe operational and financial consequences to firms across industries and continents. While tactical reactionary strategies can help, firms are in need of proactive management approaches to design more resilient supply chain networks in the first place. Firms are looking for an effective framework to design and monitor supply networks, mitigate disruption consequences, and manage resilience under different scenarios. We propose a framework to manage the resilience of deep-tier automotive supply networks by integrating a simulation-based resilience assessment scheme for effectiveness with an efficient optimization-based framework to find optimal strategies for handling regular disruption events. The framework promotes network analysis techniques combined with discrete-event simulation informed by secondary data sources and global supply risk databases for improving resilience management. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework using a real-world global automotive original equipment manufacturer case study. Our results demonstrate that the proposed dynamic framework relying on deep-tier visibility can optimize resilience strategies through all key performance indicators. The results show an average of 35% and 40% reductions in back-ordered cost and shipment delays, respectively, with a marginal growth in holding cost when the proposed framework is implemented with deep-tier visibility.

COVID-19 造成的前所未有的供应链中断给各行业和各大洲的企业带来了严重的运营和财务后果。虽然战术性的应对策略能起到一定作用，但企业首先需要的是积极主动的管理方法，以设计出更具弹性的供应链网络。企业正在寻找一个有效的框架来设计和监控供应网络，减轻中断的后果，并管理不同情况下的恢复能力。我们提出了一个管理深层汽车供应网络弹性的框架，它将基于模拟的弹性有效性评估方案与基于优化的高效框架相结合，以找到处理常规中断事件的最佳策略。该框架促进网络分析技术与离散事件仿真相结合，并通过二级数据源和全球供应风险数据库提供信息，以改善弹性管理。我们利用一个真实的全球汽车原始设备制造商案例研究验证了所提框架的有效性。我们的研究结果表明，所提出的动态框架依赖于深层可视性，能够通过所有关键性能指标优化弹性策略。结果表明，在利用深层可视性实施拟议框架时，滞销成本和装运延迟平均分别降低了 35% 和 40%，而持有成本则略有增长。

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引用次数: 0

Evolutionary game analysis of government subsidies for reusable express packaging promotion 可重复使用快递包装推广政府补贴的进化博弈分析

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100176

The increase in e-commerce and online shopping has resulted in a significant amount of packaging waste from express delivery, posing a considerable burden on the environment. To address this issue, reusable express packaging has emerged as one of potential solutions to reduce packaging waste in express delivery. This study analyzes the evolutionary stability strategy of local governments and express delivery enterprises by constructing an evolutionary game model. The model considers the limited rationality and group behavior of decision makers, as well as the economies of scale and diseconomies of scale in operating cost of reusable express packaging. Results indicate that the variability in the cost of reusable express packaging may lead to the simultaneous emergence of two evolutionary stability strategies, contrasting traditional evolutionary game studies. Due to the present low uptake of reusable express packaging among express companies, coupled with the lack of subsidies support from local governments, it is difficult to attain the optimal situation in which businesses actively utilize reusable express packaging. To accomplish this objective, it is crucial to establish subsidy amounts that are balanced and reasonable, rather than merely elevating them to the highest possible levels. The study proposes an optimal range for government subsidy levels and gives corresponding policy suggestions.

电子商务和网上购物的增加导致快递产生大量包装废物，对环境造成相当大的负担。为解决这一问题，可重复使用的快递包装已成为减少快递包装垃圾的潜在解决方案之一。本研究通过构建演化博弈模型，分析了地方政府和快递企业的演化稳定策略。该模型考虑了决策者的有限理性和群体行为，以及可重复使用快递包装运营成本的规模经济性和规模不经济性。结果表明，可重复使用快递包装成本的变化可能导致同时出现两种进化稳定策略，这与传统的进化博弈研究形成了鲜明对比。由于目前快递公司对可重复使用快递包装的使用率较低，再加上缺乏地方政府的补贴支持，因此很难达到企业积极使用可重复使用快递包装的最佳状态。要实现这一目标，关键是要制定平衡合理的补贴额度，而不是一味地将补贴额度提高到尽可能高的水平。本研究提出了政府补贴水平的最佳范围，并给出了相应的政策建议。

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引用次数: 0

The role of battery electric vehicles in off-peak hour deliveries: Sustainability assessment of a case study in Stockholm 电池电动车在非高峰时段配送中的作用：斯德哥尔摩案例研究的可持续性评估

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100175

City logistics faces critical challenges in optimising resource management, utilising time effectively, and reducing costs, particularly in the context of growing environmental concerns. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Off-Peak Hour Deliveries (OPHD) have emerged as promising solutions. Despite considerable research efforts, more research is needed to evaluate the impacts of using BEVs during OPHD. To address this need, this paper describes how data from a case study in Stockholm were used to develop a comprehensive overview of the sustainability impacts of OPHD carried out with BEV. A multi-method approach was applied, including an indicator framework, Life Cycle Costing, and a Social Life Cycle Assessment to consider all sustainability dimensions holistically. Our findings reveal that, while BEVs are not yet cost-competitive with Internal Combustion Engine vehicles for daytime operations, OPHD can mitigate these costs by increasing the vehicle utilisation and distances travelled. Furthermore, OPHD with BEV can offer substantial benefits by increasing accessibility and reducing emissions. However, challenges such as increased employee-related transport costs and infrastructure needs must be addressed. The main contributions of this paper are practical, as we add knowledge about the impacts of OPHD using BEV, and methodological, as we used a multi-method approach to holistically assess sustainability impacts. Future research should focus on long-term impacts and refine assessment methods to support the sustainable development of urban logistics. This study highlights the importance of using holistic sustainability assessment to inform and enable stakeholders and decision-makers to leverage the full potential of OPHD when shifting to more sustainable transport.

城市物流在优化资源管理、有效利用时间和降低成本方面面临严峻挑战，尤其是在环境问题日益严重的背景下。电池电动汽车（BEV）和非高峰时段配送（OPHD）已成为前景广阔的解决方案。尽管开展了大量研究工作，但仍需开展更多研究，以评估在 OPHD 期间使用 BEV 的影响。为了满足这一需求，本文介绍了如何利用斯德哥尔摩案例研究的数据，对使用 BEV 进行 OPHD 的可持续性影响进行全面概述。本文采用了多种方法，包括指标框架、生命周期成本计算和社会生命周期评估，以全面考虑所有可持续性方面。我们的研究结果表明，虽然在日间运营中，BEV 在成本上还无法与内燃机车辆相媲美，但 OPHD 可以通过提高车辆利用率和增加行驶距离来降低成本。此外，使用 BEV 的 OPHD 还能通过增加可达性和减少排放带来巨大效益。然而，必须解决与员工相关的交通成本增加和基础设施需求等挑战。本文的主要贡献在于实用性和方法论，前者是由于我们增加了有关使用 BEV 的 OPHD 影响的知识，后者是由于我们使用了多种方法来全面评估可持续性影响。未来的研究应关注长期影响，并完善评估方法，以支持城市物流的可持续发展。本研究强调了使用整体可持续性评估的重要性，以便为利益相关者和决策者提供信息，使其在转向更可持续的交通方式时充分利用 OPHD 的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A sustainable inventory model for a two-echelon cold chain with green technology investments and stock-dependent demand under carbon emissions tax regulation 碳排放税监管下具有绿色技术投资和库存依赖性需求的双龙头冷链的可持续库存模型

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100173

Cold chains are specialised supply chains that make use of refrigerated storage facilities and distribution nodes. Products that have to be stored and distributed via cold chains are temperature-sensitive items such as perishable food or vaccines. If these products are not maintained at the correct temperatures, their safety and quality may be comprised with dire consequences for end-users. Operating refrigerated storage units consumes a lot of energy and the majority of transportation trucks used for distribution are powered by fossil fuels and therefore, cold chains are a major source of carbon emissions. With this in mind, this paper proposes a sustainable inventory model for a two-echelon cold chain with stock-dependent demand and green technology investments under a carbon emissions tax regulation. The carbon tax is imposed by policy makers to encourage the cold chain to reduce its emissions whereas, the green technology investment is a voluntary measure taken by the cold chain to reduce its carbon emissions. Based on the results, a carbon tax regulation is about 3% more effective than a green technology investment in terms of profit maximisation potential. Moreover, when it comes to investing in green technologies, there is an optimal investment amount above which increasing the investment results in decreased profits and increased emissions. Other avenues that the cold chain can explore in effort to improve profitability include increasing the potential market size, displaying higher volumes of stocks, using larger capacity transportation trucks and filling the trucks to capacity.

冷链是利用冷藏设施和配送节点的专业供应链。必须通过冷链储存和配送的产品都是对温度敏感的物品，如易腐食品或疫苗。如果这些产品没有保持在正确的温度下，其安全和质量可能会受到影响，给最终用户带来严重后果。冷藏设备的运行需要消耗大量能源，而用于配送的运输卡车大多使用化石燃料，因此冷链是碳排放的主要来源。有鉴于此，本文提出了一个可持续库存模型，适用于碳排放税监管下的库存依赖型需求和绿色技术投资的双螺旋冷链。碳税由政策制定者征收，旨在鼓励冷链减少碳排放，而绿色技术投资则是冷链为减少碳排放而采取的自愿措施。根据研究结果，就利润最大化潜力而言，碳税法规比绿色技术投资有效约 3%。此外，在投资绿色技术方面，存在一个最佳投资额度，超过这个额度，增加投资会导致利润减少和排放增加。冷链企业为提高盈利能力可以探索的其他途径包括：扩大潜在市场规模、增加库存量、使用更大容量的运输卡车以及将卡车装满。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable supply chain design using a multi-objective linear optimization approach for solid bulk products 采用多目标线性优化方法进行固体散装产品的可持续供应链设计

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100170

This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization model for designing a sustainable logistics system that determines the ideal logistic flow of an ultrafine mineral residue product, tailings, from Brucutu/MG to multiple destinations over a capable multimodal system. These tailings are extracted from iron ore and can be used as a partial substitute for raw materials in construction materials. This substitution can help avoid dangerous dams of iron ore tailings and save natural resources and greenhouse gas emissions in the civil construction chain. However, the distribution incurs logistical costs and resulting socio-environmental impacts. Therefore, logistics plays a fundamental role in making this substitution economically viable. The proposed model aims to maximize total profit while minimizing negative socio-environmental impacts and maximizing the positives. The resulting ideal multimodal logistic system is obtained based on sustainable pillars, demonstrating that a small decrease in profits can yield significant reductions in negative impacts and increases in positive externalities.

本文提出了一个设计可持续物流系统的多目标优化模型，该模型确定了超细矿渣产品--尾矿--从布鲁库图/MG 到多个目的地的理想物流流，该物流流通过一个有能力的多式联运系统进行。这些尾矿从铁矿石中提取，可用作建筑材料原材料的部分替代品。这种替代品有助于避免建造危险的铁矿石尾矿坝，并在民用建筑链中节约自然资源和温室气体排放。然而，配送会产生物流成本和由此产生的社会环境影响。因此，要使这种替代在经济上可行，物流起着根本性的作用。所提出的模型旨在最大限度地提高总利润，同时最大限度地减少对社会环境的负面影响，并最大限度地提高正面影响。由此产生的理想多式联运物流系统以可持续支柱为基础，表明利润的少量减少可以显著减少负面影响，增加积极的外部效应。

引用次数: 0

Space, but not rocket science: A framework for capacity utilization in physical distribution 空间，但不是火箭科学：实物分销能力利用框架

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100171

High capacity utilization of space in physical distribution, such as high fill rates of vehicles, pallets, and packaging, is essential to decarbonize supply chains. This study provides an integrated view of the extant literature on capacity utilization of space in physical distribution, which is fragmented and multidisciplinary. A systematic literature review was conducted on 212 peer-reviewed scientific publications. The paper first provides a content analysis to define six research streams on the subject. Then, using systems theory, thematic analyses identify, categorize, and consolidate key elements of capacity utilization of space into a conceptual framework. The framework defines both the root causes of and measurements used in practice. The main components include packaging-, transportation-, and logistics-related factors, all of which influence capacity utilization of space in physical distribution and its outcomes. The framework enhances researchers’ understanding of capacity utilization of space in physical distribution and serves as a guideline for practitioners in addressing this challenge. Based on the findings, we also present avenues for future research.

实体配送空间的高容量利用率，如车辆、托盘和包装的高填充率，对供应链的去碳化至关重要。本研究对有关实体配送空间容量利用的现有文献进行了整合，这些文献零散且涉及多个学科。我们对 212 篇经同行评审的科学出版物进行了系统的文献综述。论文首先进行了内容分析，确定了有关该主题的六种研究流派。然后，利用系统理论进行专题分析，确定、归类并将空间能力利用的关键要素整合到一个概念框架中。该框架定义了空间利用率的根本原因和在实践中使用的测量方法。其主要组成部分包括与包装、运输和物流相关的因素，所有这些因素都会影响实物分销中的空间容量利用率及其结果。该框架增强了研究人员对实体配送空间能力利用的理解，并为从业人员应对这一挑战提供了指导。根据研究结果，我们还提出了未来的研究方向。

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引用次数: 0

Barriers and enablers: How logistics companies could tackle the transition to electrified road freight transport 障碍与推动因素：物流公司如何应对向电气化公路货运的过渡

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100172

Electrifying road freight transport can heavily reduce the sector’s climate impact; however, there exist many uncertainties for making a large-scale transition, especially for logistics companies. In response, the purpose of this article is to identify and describe barriers to transition, but also strategies for how the barriers can be managed. To address the purpose, an interview study was carried out together with two complementary workshops to capture the views of relevant actors. Barriers to electrification are clustered into four separate areas: practical and technological barriers, financial barriers, institutional barriers, and social and cultural barriers. Low cost and high logistics performance are viewed as logistics companies’ competitive advantages, but they are expected to be challenged when making the transition. The current structure of the transport chain also further complicates things: it is transaction-based and risks and benefits can occur in its different parts. This is an issue, since the actor that is forced to take risks is not always the actor that benefits the most. One way to manage this is for actors to form more long-term commitments through collaborations. Moreover, it can be advantageous to start electrifying subsystems that can be described as ‘closed’ and ‘static’, i.e. predictable and easy to control, such as transport between terminals. At the other end of the spectrum, subsystems that are ‘open’ and ‘dynamic’ are the ones that are most difficult to electrify.

公路货运电气化可大大减少该行业对气候的影响；然而，大规模转型存在许多不确定因素，尤其是对物流公司而言。有鉴于此，本文旨在确定和描述转型的障碍，以及如何管理这些障碍的策略。为实现这一目的，我们开展了一项访谈研究，同时举办了两场补充研讨会，以收集相关参与者的意见。电气化的障碍分为四个不同的领域：实际和技术障碍、资金障碍、制度障碍以及社会和文化障碍。低成本和高物流绩效被视为物流公司的竞争优势，但在转型过程中，这些优势将面临挑战。运输链的现有结构也使问题变得更加复杂：它是以交易为基础的，风险和收益可能发生在不同的环节。这是一个问题，因为被迫承担风险的行为者并不总是受益最大的行为者。解决这个问题的一个办法是，行动者通过合作做出更长期的承诺。此外，开始电气化那些可以被描述为 "封闭 "和 "静态 "的子系统，即可预测和易于控制的子系统，如终点站之间的运输，可能是有利的。在另一端，"开放 "和 "动态 "的子系统是最难电气化的。

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引用次数: 0

A closed-loop supply chain inventory model with stochastic demand, exchange rate, green investment, and carbon tax 具有随机需求、汇率、绿色投资和碳税的闭环供应链库存模型

IF 6.9 Q1 OPERATIONS RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100168

In this paper, a mathematical inventory model for a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a single manufacturer and a single retailer is investigated under a stochastic environment and imperfect production. The manufacturer adopts a remanufacturing policy to recover returned products from the market. The model takes into account exchange rate disparities because the supply chain’s participants are in separate countries. The model also considers carbon emissions, which are expected to be produced from storage, transportation, and production. A carbon policy, namely carbon tax, is implemented to manage the overall emissions resulting from the supply chain. To cope with carbon restrictions, the manufacturer has an opportunity to invest in green technologies. The objective of the study is to find optimal shipment quantity, number of deliveries, safety factor, and green investment such that the joint total cost is minimized. An iterative procedure is suggested to solve the proposed problem, and a numerical example is presented for model validation. The findings imply that variations in the production rate and carbon tax have a significant influence on the model’s performance. Aside from that, the results reveal that uncertainty in the exchange rate and production flaws are important factors that must be considered by managers in making inventory decisions, especially those related to the number of deliveries, frequency of deliveries, and the amount of money invested in green technology. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is provided to explain the behavior of the model.

本文研究了在随机环境和不完全生产条件下，由单一制造商和单一零售商组成的闭环供应链的数学库存模型。制造商采用再制造政策从市场上回收退回的产品。由于供应链的参与者分别位于不同的国家，因此模型考虑了汇率差异。该模型还考虑了碳排放，预计碳排放来自于储存、运输和生产。为管理供应链产生的总体排放量，实施了碳政策，即碳税。为应对碳限制，制造商有机会投资绿色技术。本研究的目标是找到最佳装运量、交货次数、安全系数和绿色投资，从而使联合总成本最小化。研究提出了一个迭代程序来解决所提出的问题，并提供了一个数值示例来验证模型。研究结果表明，生产率和碳税的变化对模型的性能有显著影响。此外，研究结果还表明，汇率和生产缺陷的不确定性是管理者在进行库存决策时必须考虑的重要因素，尤其是与交货数量、交货频率和绿色技术投资金额相关的因素。最后，还提供了敏感性分析来解释模型的行为。

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引用次数: 0