Pub Date : 2003-11-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia2302s10
Rolf W. Huegli, Phillip F.J. Tirman, Margie Garbarino
Postsurgically, intra-articular injection of contrast media allows improved visualization of recurrent meniscal tears and of meniscal repairs (Applegate et al., 1993). In situations where an ACL graft is not optimally visualized in a conventional MR imaging study and its radiological evaluation is important for the clinical follow-up, an intravenous gadopentate dimeglumine administration is sometimes helpful. A post-contrast sagittal T1weighted sequence with fat saturation (Sequence 2) may help to distinguish an ACL graft from the enhancing periligamentous soft tissue synovium. These aforementioned cases represent two indications for application of either intra-articular or intravenous contrast media in a postoperative diagnostic setting.
{"title":"MRI of the Post-Operative Meniscus and ACL Graft","authors":"Rolf W. Huegli, Phillip F.J. Tirman, Margie Garbarino","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2302s10","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2302s10","url":null,"abstract":"Postsurgically, intra-articular injection of contrast media allows improved visualization of recurrent meniscal tears and of meniscal repairs (Applegate et al., 1993). In situations where an ACL graft is not optimally visualized in a conventional MR imaging study and its radiological evaluation is important for the clinical follow-up, an intravenous gadopentate dimeglumine administration is sometimes helpful. A post-contrast sagittal T1weighted sequence with fat saturation (Sequence 2) may help to distinguish an ACL graft from the enhancing periligamentous soft tissue synovium. These aforementioned cases represent two indications for application of either intra-articular or intravenous contrast media in a postoperative diagnostic setting.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia2302s10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80564818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mix03s10
Glenn Jay Foster, Lisa Augustine
This unit provides safety information for performing imaging sequences. Included are a checklist of common rules to abide by when performing MR imaging and an outline of the proper orientations required to be taken by staff members. In addition a guide thoroughly discussing important safety information is also provided.
{"title":"MR Safety Guide","authors":"Glenn Jay Foster, Lisa Augustine","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mix03s10","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mix03s10","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This unit provides safety information for performing imaging sequences. Included are a checklist of common rules to abide by when performing MR imaging and an outline of the proper orientations required to be taken by staff members. In addition a guide thoroughly discussing important safety information is also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mix03s10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76189384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia1002s10
Harikrishna Tandri, David A. Bluemke
BASIC PROTOCOL Magnetic resonance imaging is currently considered a noninvasive modality of choice for evaluation of patients with suspected right ventricular dysplasia. It has the unique ability to provide tissue characterization in addition to providing functional information. This unit presents the basic techniques for the evaluation of right ventricular dysplasia. The sequence parameters described are most appropriate for the GE 1.5T Signa, and may need to be altered for magnets of different field strengths and manufacturers. The Basic Protocol will take 45 min to 1 hr to complete. Including the optional sequence 8 to the Basic Protocol will take an additional ∼10 min to perform.
{"title":"Assessment of Right Ventricular Dysplasia","authors":"Harikrishna Tandri, David A. Bluemke","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia1002s10","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia1002s10","url":null,"abstract":"BASIC PROTOCOL Magnetic resonance imaging is currently considered a noninvasive modality of choice for evaluation of patients with suspected right ventricular dysplasia. It has the unique ability to provide tissue characterization in addition to providing functional information. This unit presents the basic techniques for the evaluation of right ventricular dysplasia. The sequence parameters described are most appropriate for the GE 1.5T Signa, and may need to be altered for magnets of different field strengths and manufacturers. The Basic Protocol will take 45 min to 1 hr to complete. Including the optional sequence 8 to the Basic Protocol will take an additional ∼10 min to perform.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia1002s10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75110529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-08-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mib0100s9
Yu-Chung Norman Cheng, E. Mark Haacke
The fundamental concept of MRI is based on the interaction of a nuclear spin with an external magnetic field, B→0. The dominant nucleus that we image in whole-body MRI is that of hydrogen, i.e., the proton, most of which appears in the form of water. Its interaction with the external field results in the precession of the proton spin about the field direction. Imaging of humans rests on the ability to manipulate, with a combination of magnetic fields, and then detect, the bulk precession of the hydrogen spins in water, fat, and other organic molecules.
{"title":"Spin Behavior","authors":"Yu-Chung Norman Cheng, E. Mark Haacke","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mib0100s9","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mib0100s9","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamental concept of MRI is based on the interaction of a nuclear spin with an external magnetic field, B→0. The dominant nucleus that we image in whole-body MRI is that of hydrogen, i.e., the proton, most of which appears in the form of water. Its interaction with the external field results in the precession of the proton spin about the field direction. Imaging of humans rests on the ability to manipulate, with a combination of magnetic fields, and then detect, the bulk precession of the hydrogen spins in water, fat, and other organic molecules.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mib0100s9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87824971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-08-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia2701s9
Jana Crain, Charles Ho
With the advance of technology, MR images of the elbow provide exquisite soft tissue detail and can be obtained using a variety of clinical MR systems of varying strengths. MR is the modality of choice for evaluation of ligament, tendon, and muscle pathology of the elbow that typically results from traumatic or overuse injuries. In addition, MR is superior in evaluating bone marrow and chondral surfaces.
{"title":"Traumatic and Overuse Injuries of the Elbow","authors":"Jana Crain, Charles Ho","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2701s9","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2701s9","url":null,"abstract":"With the advance of technology, MR images of the elbow provide exquisite soft tissue detail and can be obtained using a variety of clinical MR systems of varying strengths. MR is the modality of choice for evaluation of ligament, tendon, and muscle pathology of the elbow that typically results from traumatic or overuse injuries. In addition, MR is superior in evaluating bone marrow and chondral surfaces.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia2701s9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83805912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-08-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia0203s9
F. Allan Midyett, Suresh Mukherji, Laurie Fisher
Chapter A2.3 discusses non-invasive cerebral venous imaging for those patients thought to have venous angiomas using Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) and MRI. Use of specific protocols is described.
{"title":"Imaging Venous Angiomas","authors":"F. Allan Midyett, Suresh Mukherji, Laurie Fisher","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0203s9","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0203s9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chapter A2.3 discusses non-invasive cerebral venous imaging for those patients thought to have venous angiomas using Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) and MRI. Use of specific protocols is described.</p>","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia0203s9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88575723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-08-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia0707s9
Daniel T. Boll, Andrik J. Aschoff, Jonathan S. Lewin
Examination of the anatomy and pathology of the lymph nodes of the neck as seen by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows a wide variety of findings and thereby presents a challenging task for the radiologist. Patients with a broad range of clinical presentations and disease states are imaged with MRI due to its rapidly evolving improvements in spatial and contrast resolution, the reduction of artifacts with this technique, and the development of new contrast agents (van den Brekel, 2000).
{"title":"Lymph Node Staging in the Neck","authors":"Daniel T. Boll, Andrik J. Aschoff, Jonathan S. Lewin","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0707s9","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0707s9","url":null,"abstract":"Examination of the anatomy and pathology of the lymph nodes of the neck as seen by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows a wide variety of findings and thereby presents a challenging task for the radiologist. Patients with a broad range of clinical presentations and disease states are imaged with MRI due to its rapidly evolving improvements in spatial and contrast resolution, the reduction of artifacts with this technique, and the development of new contrast agents (van den Brekel, 2000).","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia0707s9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74807527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-08-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia0200s9
F. Allan Midyett, Laurie Fisher, Suresh Mukherji
Cerebral venous imaging includes evaluation of intracerebral venous thrombosis as well as imaging cavernous and venous angiomas. This may be accomplished by conventional MR imaging and magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Cerebral venous occlusive disease is distinctly different from arterial occlusive disease. With venous occlusion, the blood-brain barrier often remains intact. Signal abnormalities seen on neuroimaging studies are often reversible and hemorrhage is more common. Venous infarcts do not usually affect discrete, well defined territories like arterial infarcts. However, some patterns do tend to emerge. Transverse sinus thrombosis tends to affect the temporal lobes. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis tends to affect the parasagittal frontal lobes. Vein of Galen/straight sinus thrombosis tends to affect the thalami.
{"title":"Cerebral Venous Lesions","authors":"F. Allan Midyett, Laurie Fisher, Suresh Mukherji","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0200s9","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0200s9","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral venous imaging includes evaluation of intracerebral venous thrombosis as well as imaging cavernous and venous angiomas. This may be accomplished by conventional MR imaging and magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Cerebral venous occlusive disease is distinctly different from arterial occlusive disease. With venous occlusion, the blood-brain barrier often remains intact. Signal abnormalities seen on neuroimaging studies are often reversible and hemorrhage is more common. Venous infarcts do not usually affect discrete, well defined territories like arterial infarcts. However, some patterns do tend to emerge. Transverse sinus thrombosis tends to affect the temporal lobes. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis tends to affect the parasagittal frontal lobes. Vein of Galen/straight sinus thrombosis tends to affect the thalami.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia0200s9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82563275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-08-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia0800s9
J. Randy Jinkins, David D. Stark
One of the major successes of modern intravenous (IV) contrast–enhanced MRI is its ability in most cases to focus a disease process to a particular spinal compartment: intramedullary, intradural-extramedullary, extradural (i.e., epidural), and mixed. This is an important concept because this knowledge will assist in narrowing the differential-diagnostic possibilities and help direct specific additional diagnostic procedures—e.g., needle biopsy (aspiration) or surgical therapies. While other chapters will elaborate the findings in each one of these compartments, the present chapter will discuss extradural disease of the spine (Table A8.0.1).
{"title":"Extradural Spine","authors":"J. Randy Jinkins, David D. Stark","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0800s9","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0800s9","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major successes of modern intravenous (IV) contrast–enhanced MRI is its ability in most cases to focus a disease process to a particular spinal compartment: intramedullary, intradural-extramedullary, extradural (i.e., epidural), and mixed. This is an important concept because this knowledge will assist in narrowing the differential-diagnostic possibilities and help direct specific additional diagnostic procedures—e.g., needle biopsy (aspiration) or surgical therapies. While other chapters will elaborate the findings in each one of these compartments, the present chapter will discuss extradural disease of the spine (Table A8.0.1).","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia0800s9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74850909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-08-01DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia2702s9
Jana Crain, Charles Ho
MRI is valuable for mass localization and evaluation because of its multiplanar capabilities and soft-tissue detail. While in many instances the imaging findings may not be specific, MRI can be very sensitive. The technique used plays a vital role in the pathway to the differential diagnosis and staging of a mass lesion by defining the precise anatomic involvement, relationships, and intrinsic characteristics.
{"title":"Masses of the Elbow and Forearm","authors":"Jana Crain, Charles Ho","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2702s9","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2702s9","url":null,"abstract":"MRI is valuable for mass localization and evaluation because of its multiplanar capabilities and soft-tissue detail. While in many instances the imaging findings may not be specific, MRI can be very sensitive. The technique used plays a vital role in the pathway to the differential diagnosis and staging of a mass lesion by defining the precise anatomic involvement, relationships, and intrinsic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia2702s9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88277811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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