The decision network approach to batch sizing problems presented in this paper arrives at a solution by a technique similar in style to critical path analysis in which much of the information is presented in a network diagram. This allows it to provide a visual representation of the problem and analysis is carried out by forward passes through the network. It is shown that decision networks can be applied to deterministic and stochastic problems.
In this paper a search procedure is suggested for determining the economic manufacturing policy for a product and the economic ordering policy for the raw materials required by the product. The objective is to determine an operating policy that minimizes the total relevant cost. An example is solved to illustrate the procedure.
An approach for economic evaluation of crude oil displacement by chemical solutions (surfactant and/or alkaline) was developed. The approach developed is based on a probability distribution of escalating prices of oil, chemicals, polymers and brine, operating and capital costs. Experimental data from an actually existing Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) study of Safaniyah oil field using surfactant solution as chemical were used to assess the validity of the proposed approach. The optimum surfactant slug size for the displacement process under test conditions was determined. The effects of residual oil saturation, and oil and surfactant prices on the determination of optimum slug size were investigated. The results showed that these three parameters have a great effect on the decision of applying a more economical recovery process.
In this paper, the problem of jointly setting order quantity of fresh items and discount price of one-period old items is modelled as a stochastic dynamic program for commodities that perish in two periods. It is solved using a heuristic procedure that decouples inventory decisions in any two consecutive periods by assuming a salvage value of leftover fresh items that is also the price paid for the entering stock of one-period-old items. For an assumed salvage value, the single period expected profit maximizing ordering - discount policy pair is identified. The m-periods planning problem is then solved by sequentially solving m single period problems. Numerical examples reveal some valuable insights about the inter-dependencies between order quantity and discount price. The percent discount is found to be insensitive to the assumed salvage value.
In practice as well as in literature there is a strong emphasis on developing techniques for the control of production systems. Without attention for the production chain in which such a production system is embedded, this can easily lead to local suboptimization. This paper introduces two analysis tools (the integrated time-function and the integrated costfunction) aimed at preventing such suboptimization.
This paper examines the ways and the costs of disposing sewage sludge and other associated solids. The objective of the overall plan is to minimize costs while maintaining an acceptable risk to human health, to living resources, and to public amenities. The current disposal methods are considered with reference to local constraints and environmental factors.
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