Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.01.004
Chee Meng Koe , Swee-Yong Pung , Sumiyyah Sabar , Anwar Ul-Hamid , Wai Kian Tan
This study introduces a novel direct heating (DH) method for immobilizing Cu₂O and CuO nanomaterials onto kanthal coils, offering a scalable and efficient approach to photocatalyst synthesis. The coil achieved 100 % surface coverage within 4–8 min heating duration. Both the Cu₂O and CuO phases are present, and each has a narrow band gap, making them effective reductive photocatalysts. The CuO/coil prepared at 40 W heating power for 8 minutes exhibited Cu₂O particles (1666.67 ± 727.78 nm) and CuO rods (77.77 ± 19.08 nm in diameter), achieving a 21.01 % degradation efficiency for RhB dye under UV light. Despite agglomeration of Cu₂O particles limiting active sites, this method demonstrates simplicity and rapid synthesis compared to conventional techniques. Reusability tests revealed a decline in removal efficiency to 13.24 % after three cycles, attributed to photocatalyst detachment and dye accumulation on active sites. Addressing these challenges with improved adhesion and surface optimization could enhance long-term performance. The DH method shows strong potential for industrial wastewater treatment, offering a cost-effective and scalable solution for degrading organic pollutants.
{"title":"Growth of CuO rods on kanthal coil via direct heating for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B","authors":"Chee Meng Koe , Swee-Yong Pung , Sumiyyah Sabar , Anwar Ul-Hamid , Wai Kian Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel direct heating (DH) method for immobilizing Cu₂O and CuO nanomaterials onto kanthal coils, offering a scalable and efficient approach to photocatalyst synthesis. The coil achieved 100 % surface coverage within 4–8 min heating duration. Both the Cu₂O and CuO phases are present, and each has a narrow band gap, making them effective reductive photocatalysts. The CuO/coil prepared at 40 W heating power for 8 minutes exhibited Cu₂O particles (1666.67 ± 727.78 nm) and CuO rods (77.77 ± 19.08 nm in diameter), achieving a 21.01 % degradation efficiency for RhB dye under UV light. Despite agglomeration of Cu₂O particles limiting active sites, this method demonstrates simplicity and rapid synthesis compared to conventional techniques. Reusability tests revealed a decline in removal efficiency to 13.24 % after three cycles, attributed to photocatalyst detachment and dye accumulation on active sites. Addressing these challenges with improved adhesion and surface optimization could enhance long-term performance. The DH method shows strong potential for industrial wastewater treatment, offering a cost-effective and scalable solution for degrading organic pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 77-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The integration of various advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) can provide an optimal balance between treatment efficiency and duration, ensuring that wastewater is adequately treated while minimizing costs and maximizing operational performance. In this study, heterogeneous photocatalysis using a molybdenum disulfide/graphene aerogel (MGA) composite was integrated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or persulfate (PS)-assisted AOPs to remove tetracycline (TC), a commonly detected antibiotic contaminant in aquatic environments. Specifically, the study assessed the effects of operating parameters, such as PS/H2O2 concentration, pH, initial pollutant concentration, catalyst dose, and the presence of inorganic anions on TC removal in a systematic manner. It was found that the MGA/PS system exhibited significantly greater degradation activity compared to MGA/H2O2, pure MGA, PS, and H2O2 alone. Notably, the MGA/PS system achieved complete removal of TC within 60 min of visible-light irradiation under optimized conditions. Furthermore, an average TC removal rate of approximately 85.5 % was observed in real wastewater during the same reaction period. This enhancement was attributed to PS facilitating the generation of free radicals and acting as an electron acceptor, which reduced the recombination of photoinduced charge carriers, thereby improving electron–hole separation efficiency. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for developing highly effective techniques for treating antibiotic-laden wastewater through the integration of MGA with PS-based AOPs.
{"title":"Three-dimensional MoS2/graphene aerogel-driven visible-light photocatalysis assisted by persulfate or hydrogen peroxide for rapid degradation of tetracycline","authors":"Chinmayee Das , Tajamul Shafi , Brajesh Kumar Dubey , Shamik Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of various advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) can provide an optimal balance between treatment efficiency and duration, ensuring that wastewater is adequately treated while minimizing costs and maximizing operational performance. In this study, heterogeneous photocatalysis using a molybdenum disulfide/graphene aerogel (MGA) composite was integrated with hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) or persulfate (PS)-assisted AOPs to remove tetracycline (TC), a commonly detected antibiotic contaminant in aquatic environments. Specifically, the study assessed the effects of operating parameters, such as PS/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration, pH, initial pollutant concentration, catalyst dose, and the presence of inorganic anions on TC removal in a systematic manner. It was found that the MGA/PS system exhibited significantly greater degradation activity compared to MGA/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, pure MGA, PS, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> alone. Notably, the MGA/PS system achieved complete removal of TC within 60 min of visible-light irradiation under optimized conditions. Furthermore, an average TC removal rate of approximately 85.5 % was observed in real wastewater during the same reaction period. This enhancement was attributed to PS facilitating the generation of free radicals and acting as an electron acceptor, which reduced the recombination of photoinduced charge carriers, thereby improving electron–hole separation efficiency. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for developing highly effective techniques for treating antibiotic-laden wastewater through the integration of MGA with PS-based AOPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 65-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.01.001
Poushali Chakraborty , Arkaprava Roy , Sampad Sarkar , Avijit Bhowal , Suvendu Manna , Papita Das
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) are pervasive pollutants exposed in the environment primarily due to the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil derivatives, and other organic materials such as wood, paper, garbage, tobacco, etc. Secondarily other important industries such as aluminium production, catalytic cracking towers, and motor vehicle emissions also cause huge emissions. Naphthalene is one of the most available PAH, which has several negative impacts on living health. To eliminate naphthalene from wastewater, some physicochemical approaches are being taken in which adsorption is the most established one. In our present study, a novel membrane-like composite was prepared with PVA (Poly Vinyl Alcohol) and Silica nanoparticles which were modified by incorporating activated banana biochar to increase its efficiency. Characterizations like FT-IR, SEM, and EDX were performed to depict various characteristic features of the composite. The removal of naphthalene due to the adsorption process was studied experimentally by a batch study in different varying parametric conditions like different adsorbent dosages, contact time, pollutant concentration, temperature, pH, and agitation speed. From the results, the highest removal percentage was observed as 99.549 % with conditions like an adsorbent dose of 2 g/L, 160 rpm agitation speed, 20 mg/L initial naphthalene concentration, and 303 K temperature after 2 hrs. Mathematical modelling was done to evaluate the adsorption isotherm with the help of Langmuir and Freundlich models. Low cost, biodegradability, availability, and high removal efficiency have made the composite an effective adsorbent for wastewater treatment.
{"title":"Synthesis of activated biochar incorporated PVA-silica composite and its application in the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from wastewater","authors":"Poushali Chakraborty , Arkaprava Roy , Sampad Sarkar , Avijit Bhowal , Suvendu Manna , Papita Das","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) are pervasive pollutants exposed in the environment primarily due to the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil derivatives, and other organic materials such as wood, paper, garbage, tobacco, etc. Secondarily other important industries such as aluminium production, catalytic cracking towers, and motor vehicle emissions also cause huge emissions. Naphthalene is one of the most available PAH, which has several negative impacts on living health. To eliminate naphthalene from wastewater, some physicochemical approaches are being taken in which adsorption is the most established one. In our present study, a novel membrane-like composite was prepared with PVA (Poly Vinyl Alcohol) and Silica nanoparticles which were modified by incorporating activated banana biochar to increase its efficiency. Characterizations like FT-IR, SEM, and EDX were performed to depict various characteristic features of the composite. The removal of naphthalene due to the adsorption process was studied experimentally by a batch study in different varying parametric conditions like different adsorbent dosages, contact time, pollutant concentration, temperature, pH, and agitation speed. From the results, the highest removal percentage was observed as 99.549 % with conditions like an adsorbent dose of 2 g/L, 160 rpm agitation speed, 20 mg/L initial naphthalene concentration, and 303 K temperature after 2 hrs. Mathematical modelling was done to evaluate the adsorption isotherm with the help of Langmuir and Freundlich models. Low cost, biodegradability, availability, and high removal efficiency have made the composite an effective adsorbent for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 55-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2024.12.002
Mehdi Eisapour , Rui Huang , Tayebeh Roostaei , Heng Zhao , Jinguang Hu , Zhangxing Chen
Achieving sustainable solar energy conversion and storage can be achieved using an alternative approach, namely photocatalytic hydrogen generation. However, the heightened cost of producing green hydrogen is attributed to the nonselective oxidation of sacrificial agents. In this work, a strategic design of a bifunctional photocatalyst that can concurrently produce hydrogen and generate value-added compounds from glycerol is demonstrated. A p-n heterojunction photocatalyst is firstly fabricated by loading NiO nanoparticles onto TiO2 with different morphologies to examine their effect on hydrogen production performance and glycerol conversion. Then, sandwich-like heterojunction of NiO-Ni-TiO2 was synthesized by in-situ thermal treatment of NiO-TiO2 p-n junction. The formation of a collaborative Schottky and p-n (SPN) heterojunction significantly enhances charge separation efficiency, thereby, boosting the activity of glycerol photoreforming to produce hydrogen together with valuable chemicals. By optimizing the morphology and Ni-NiO ratio, approximately 24500 µmolh−1g−1 of hydrogen was delivered together with 58 % of glycerol conversion into dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde. This present work demonstrates a notable illustration of the rational design of bifunctional photocatalyst for solar-driven coproduction of hydrogen and value-added chemicals.
{"title":"Sandwich-like heterojunction of NiO-Ni-TiO2 for simultaneous production of hydrogen and value-added products from glycerol photoreforming","authors":"Mehdi Eisapour , Rui Huang , Tayebeh Roostaei , Heng Zhao , Jinguang Hu , Zhangxing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving sustainable solar energy conversion and storage can be achieved using an alternative approach, namely photocatalytic hydrogen generation. However, the heightened cost of producing green hydrogen is attributed to the nonselective oxidation of sacrificial agents. In this work, a strategic design of a bifunctional photocatalyst that can concurrently produce hydrogen and generate value-added compounds from glycerol is demonstrated. A p-n heterojunction photocatalyst is firstly fabricated by loading NiO nanoparticles onto TiO<sub>2</sub> with different morphologies to examine their effect on hydrogen production performance and glycerol conversion. Then, sandwich-like heterojunction of NiO-Ni-TiO<sub>2</sub> was synthesized by in-situ thermal treatment of NiO-TiO<sub>2</sub> p-n junction. The formation of a collaborative Schottky and p-n (SPN) heterojunction significantly enhances charge separation efficiency, thereby, boosting the activity of glycerol photoreforming to produce hydrogen together with valuable chemicals. By optimizing the morphology and Ni-NiO ratio, approximately 24500 µmolh<sup>−1</sup>g<sup>−1</sup> of hydrogen was delivered together with 58 % of glycerol conversion into dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde. This present work demonstrates a notable illustration of the rational design of bifunctional photocatalyst for solar-driven coproduction of hydrogen and value-added chemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2024.12.001
Vincent Olukayode Oninla , Kehinde Nurudeen Awokoya , Gabriel Ogunsola Orodepo , Jonathan Oyebamiji Babalola , Ebenezer Oluwole Bankefa , Toluwalope Deborah Okunjoyo , Thelma Udoh
Modified biomass from oil palm calyx, an agro-waste, was utilized for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) from industrial effluent mimic. Graft copolymerization technique was adopted for the modification process, using methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and Fenton’s reagent as the initiator. Optimum grafting condition was established by varying the Fenton’s reagent composition, grafting time, temperature and biomass mass. About 30 % grafting yield was attained at a 1:200 [Fe2+]/[H2O2] Fenton’s reagent composition, 60℃, 60 min and 1 g biomass mass. Characterization results indicated a successful incorporation of carbonyl group (CO), from the carboxyl group of methacrylic acid, on the surface of the biomass material. Adsorption process showed high dye removal efficiency (over 98 %) at pH 6, 30 mg/L concentration, 90 min and, 50 mg copolymer mass. The sorption data best followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (with R2 > 0.93) and the Redlich-Peterson isotherm (R2 > 0.94). The negative ΔGº values, obtained at 303 – 333 K for the sorption of MB and MG, indicated feasibility and spontaneity, while those of ΔHº and ΔSº were indication of exothermicity and a process occurring with reduction in randomness at the dye/copolymer interface. Aggregation of the outcome of the various tests portrayed the copolymer as an adsorbent of high physicochemical qualities with good dye adsorbing efficiency. This submission, thereby, highlights the advantages of graft copolymerization technique in the improvement of adsorbent’s properties for wastewater treatment.
{"title":"Enhancement of the surface properties of oil palm calyx biomass by redox initiated graft copolymerization with methacrylic acid for the adsorption of dyes","authors":"Vincent Olukayode Oninla , Kehinde Nurudeen Awokoya , Gabriel Ogunsola Orodepo , Jonathan Oyebamiji Babalola , Ebenezer Oluwole Bankefa , Toluwalope Deborah Okunjoyo , Thelma Udoh","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modified biomass from oil palm calyx, an agro-waste, was utilized for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) from industrial effluent mimic. Graft copolymerization technique was adopted for the modification process, using methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and Fenton’s reagent as the initiator. Optimum grafting condition was established by varying the Fenton’s reagent composition, grafting time, temperature and biomass mass. About 30 % grafting yield was attained at a 1:200 [Fe<sup>2+</sup>]/[H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>] Fenton’s reagent composition, 60℃, 60 min and 1 g biomass mass. Characterization results indicated a successful incorporation of carbonyl group (C<img>O), from the carboxyl group of methacrylic acid, on the surface of the biomass material. Adsorption process showed high dye removal efficiency (over 98 %) at pH 6, 30 mg/L concentration, 90 min and, 50 mg copolymer mass. The sorption data best followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (with R<sup>2</sup> > 0.93) and the Redlich-Peterson isotherm (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.94). The negative ΔGº values, obtained at 303 – 333 K for the sorption of MB and MG, indicated feasibility and spontaneity, while those of ΔHº and ΔSº were indication of exothermicity and a process occurring with reduction in randomness at the dye/copolymer interface. Aggregation of the outcome of the various tests portrayed the copolymer as an adsorbent of high physicochemical qualities with good dye adsorbing efficiency. This submission, thereby, highlights the advantages of graft copolymerization technique in the improvement of adsorbent’s properties for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 33-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The extensive use of dyes in the textile industry can be hazardous to human health. Commonly used organic dyes are dangerous and non-biodegradable, which greatly increases the contamination of industrial effluent. Because of their smaller size, greater surface area, and wider band gap, nano-sized metal oxides have drawn interest in heterogeneous photocatalysis as a solution to this problem. These substances are essential for the deterioration of dyes, especially when exposed to sunlight. Within this framework, the investigation aimed to clarify the photocatalytic effectiveness of nanoscale metal oxides by using hydrothermally synthesised bismuth ferrite (BiFe2O4) nanoparticles. The evaluation focused on how the organic dye molecule degraded in the presence of sun radiation. The materials based on BiFe2O4, which are recognized for their multi-ferroic characteristics, showed encouraging outcomes for quick photocatalytic degradation. The outcomes showed that organic dyes might be photo degraded under solar light irradiation with remarkable efficiency. Additionally, the BiFe2O4 hetrostructure showed promise in the removal of lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr). The spectroscopic characterization techniques that were employed to investigate the physical properties of the synthesised nanoparticles included X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Raman spectroscopy. The characterization analysis confirmed the structure, shape, functional group, and optical properties of NPs. Using antimicrobial assays, the study also investigated the biological activity of the synthesised compounds.
{"title":"Hydrothermal synthesis of BiFe2O4 heterostructure for photodegradation of dye and biological implications","authors":"Sahana Nagarakere Chandranna , Dhananjay Purushotham , Abhilash Mavinakere Ramesh , Srikantaswamy Shivanna","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive use of dyes in the textile industry can be hazardous to human health. Commonly used organic dyes are dangerous and non-biodegradable, which greatly increases the contamination of industrial effluent. Because of their smaller size, greater surface area, and wider band gap, nano-sized metal oxides have drawn interest in heterogeneous photocatalysis as a solution to this problem. These substances are essential for the deterioration of dyes, especially when exposed to sunlight. Within this framework, the investigation aimed to clarify the photocatalytic effectiveness of nanoscale metal oxides by using hydrothermally synthesised bismuth ferrite (BiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles. The evaluation focused on how the organic dye molecule degraded in the presence of sun radiation. The materials based on BiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, which are recognized for their multi-ferroic characteristics, showed encouraging outcomes for quick photocatalytic degradation. The outcomes showed that organic dyes might be photo degraded under solar light irradiation with remarkable efficiency. Additionally, the BiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> hetrostructure showed promise in the removal of lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr). The spectroscopic characterization techniques that were employed to investigate the physical properties of the synthesised nanoparticles included X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Raman spectroscopy. The characterization analysis confirmed the structure, shape, functional group, and optical properties of NPs. Using antimicrobial assays, the study also investigated the biological activity of the synthesised compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industrial and domestic waste water release sulphur and fluoride metals into the water, thereby polluting the environment and affecting the humans and animals health. There are various techniques are available for eliminating sulphates and fluorides found in the water. Among these techniques, biosorption is a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for removing the sulphates and fluorides from water. Biosorption is a physiochemical process that physically produces in specific biomass, enabling it to passively concentrate and bind sulphates and fluorides to its cellular structure. The custard apple leaf biosorbents are among the most effective biosorbents for the removal of fluorides and sulphates from water. In the experimental work observed that the using of 5.6 g dosage of custard apple leaf biosorbents, successfully removed the sulphates and fluorides from water and a stable condition was reached. The optimal sorption of sulphur and fluoride over custard apple leaves biosorbents was achieved at a basic pH of 4–8, a concentration of 4.3 g, contact time of 60 min, temperature of 25°C, and an agitation speed of 100 rpm. The particles present in custard apple leaves biosorbents have a size of 3.26 µm and crystallite size 3.02 nm. The surface area, pore volume and pore size of 43.68 m2/g, 0.428 cm3/g, and 38.64 Å respectively. The adsorption of sulphates and fluorides on regenerated custard apple leaves biosorbents remained consistent for up to three cycles, but then decreased by 82.36 % in the fourth cycle. The regeneration of custard apple leaf biosorbents was also calibrated, and it was observed that the custard apple leaves do not exhibit any high concentrations of changes in their performances, even after being reused for the removals of sulphates and fluorides from water. The adsorption rate move to equilibrium was due to the accessibility of lower amount of existing opening sites on the custard apple leaves biosorbents surface and also due to the binding forces between the custard apple leaves biosorbents and fluorides and sulphates molecules in the aqueous solution.
{"title":"Synthesize and applications of green custard apples leaves biosorbents for adsorptions of sulphates and fluorides from water","authors":"Subhashish Dey, G.T.N. Veerendra, A.V. Phani Manoj, Siva Shanmukha Anjaneya Babu Padavala, A.H.L. Swaroop","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrial and domestic waste water release sulphur and fluoride metals into the water, thereby polluting the environment and affecting the humans and animals health. There are various techniques are available for eliminating sulphates and fluorides found in the water. Among these techniques, biosorption is a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for removing the sulphates and fluorides from water. Biosorption is a physiochemical process that physically produces in specific biomass, enabling it to passively concentrate and bind sulphates and fluorides to its cellular structure. The custard apple leaf biosorbents are among the most effective biosorbents for the removal of fluorides and sulphates from water. In the experimental work observed that the using of 5.6 g dosage of custard apple leaf biosorbents, successfully removed the sulphates and fluorides from water and a stable condition was reached. The optimal sorption of sulphur and fluoride over custard apple leaves biosorbents was achieved at a basic pH of 4–8, a concentration of 4.3 g, contact time of 60 min, temperature of 25°C, and an agitation speed of 100 rpm. The particles present in custard apple leaves biosorbents have a size of 3.26 µm and crystallite size 3.02 nm. The surface area, pore volume and pore size of 43.68 m<sup>2</sup>/g, 0.428 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, and 38.64 Å respectively. The adsorption of sulphates and fluorides on regenerated custard apple leaves biosorbents remained consistent for up to three cycles, but then decreased by 82.36 % in the fourth cycle. The regeneration of custard apple leaf biosorbents was also calibrated, and it was observed that the custard apple leaves do not exhibit any high concentrations of changes in their performances, even after being reused for the removals of sulphates and fluorides from water. The adsorption rate move to equilibrium was due to the accessibility of lower amount of existing opening sites on the custard apple leaves biosorbents surface and also due to the binding forces between the custard apple leaves biosorbents and fluorides and sulphates molecules in the aqueous solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deep removal of phosphorous (P) from water is a necessary measure to solve the eutrophication problem. Coagulation is both a basic treatment method for P removal and an important pretreatment process for membrane filtration. However, few coagulants can meet the both requirements. Based on the analysis on the hydrolysis behaviors of some earth-abundant metals and the solubility products of their phosphates, a series of zirconium xerogel coagulants (ZXC) was fabricated with a novel approach (the sol-gel method) and was evaluated for the removal of both organic and inorganic P in coagulation and coagulation-ultrafiltration. In terms of P removal and anti-fouling of membrane, the resultant ZXC outperformed polyzirconium chloride (PZC), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyferric sulfate (PFS), as well as titanium xerogel coagulant (TXC) in a wide range of pH and dose. The rapid hydrolysis of Zr4+ and the formation of Zr3(PO4)4 with a rather low solubility product are attributable to the great performance of ZXC in coagulation. This study highlights the potential of ZXC as an effective solution for enhancing the treatment of water and wastewater, particularly in achieving deep P removal and improving membrane fouling resistance, thereby contributing to more sustainable and efficient strategies for addressing eutrophication and pollutant removal.
{"title":"Developing zirconium xerogel coagulants for deep removal of phosphorous","authors":"Haoming Zhang , Yonghai Gan , Wenchang Zhang, Shuangshuang Wei, Shujuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep removal of phosphorous (P) from water is a necessary measure to solve the eutrophication problem. Coagulation is both a basic treatment method for P removal and an important pretreatment process for membrane filtration. However, few coagulants can meet the both requirements. Based on the analysis on the hydrolysis behaviors of some earth-abundant metals and the solubility products of their phosphates, a series of zirconium xerogel coagulants (ZXC) was fabricated with a novel approach (the sol-gel method) and was evaluated for the removal of both organic and inorganic P in coagulation and coagulation-ultrafiltration. In terms of P removal and anti-fouling of membrane, the resultant ZXC outperformed polyzirconium chloride (PZC), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyferric sulfate (PFS), as well as titanium xerogel coagulant (TXC) in a wide range of pH and dose. The rapid hydrolysis of Zr<sup>4+</sup> and the formation of Zr<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub> with a rather low solubility product are attributable to the great performance of ZXC in coagulation. This study highlights the potential of ZXC as an effective solution for enhancing the treatment of water and wastewater, particularly in achieving deep P removal and improving membrane fouling resistance, thereby contributing to more sustainable and efficient strategies for addressing eutrophication and pollutant removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"2 ","pages":"Pages 66-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2024.10.002
Deepak Kumar, Navneet Kaur
New sensing techniques with exceptional performance, i.e., high sensitivity, high selectivity, and dependability, are needed to meet the growing demand for quick and accurate environmental pollution prevention and monitoring. A novel Schiff base probe synthesized from anthraquinone and 4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (coded as AQHB) was synthesized and subsequently combined with anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) assemblies to form highly fluorescent AQHB@SDS ensemble. The zeta potential of ensemble AQHB@SDS is −52.6 mV confirm the encapsulation of AQHB (-17.3 mV) in SDS micelles. This formed fluorescent AQHB@SDS ensemble further practical applications in detection of toxic triphosgene and Hg2+ ions via naked eye color change and fluorescence quenching mechanism. The fluorescence of in-situ formed AQHB@SDS+Hg2+ complex restored by the addition of BSA. The optimized system demonstrates detection limits of 0.60, 0.68, and an impressive 0.028 nM for triphosgene, Hg2+, BSA respectively. Control experiments revealed that the -OH and -NH groups in AQHB along with anionic surfactant played crucial roles in the sensing mechanism. Moreover, the ensemble AQHB@SDS system efficiently detected triphosgene and Hg2+ in real samples, such as water and soil, highlighting its practical applicability.
{"title":"Anthraquinone Schiff base and SDS-based visual detection for environmental safety: Targeting triphosgene and Hg2+ with secondary focus on detection of BSA","authors":"Deepak Kumar, Navneet Kaur","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>New sensing techniques with exceptional performance, i.e., high sensitivity, high selectivity, and dependability, are needed to meet the growing demand for quick and accurate environmental pollution prevention and monitoring. A novel Schiff base probe synthesized from anthraquinone and 4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (coded as <strong>AQHB</strong>) was synthesized and subsequently combined with anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) assemblies to form highly fluorescent <strong>AQHB@SDS</strong> ensemble. The zeta potential of ensemble <strong>AQHB@SDS</strong> is −52.6 mV confirm the encapsulation of <strong>AQHB</strong> (-17.3 mV) in SDS micelles. This formed fluorescent <strong>AQHB@SDS</strong> ensemble further practical applications in detection of toxic triphosgene and Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions via naked eye color change and fluorescence quenching mechanism. The fluorescence of <em>in-situ</em> formed <strong>AQHB@SDS+Hg</strong><sup><strong>2+</strong></sup> complex restored by the addition of BSA. The optimized system demonstrates detection limits of 0.60, 0.68, and an impressive 0.028 nM for triphosgene, Hg<sup>2+</sup>, BSA respectively. Control experiments revealed that the -OH and -NH groups in <strong>AQHB</strong> along with anionic surfactant played crucial roles in the sensing mechanism. Moreover, the ensemble <strong>AQHB@SDS</strong> system efficiently detected triphosgene and Hg<sup><strong>2+</strong></sup> in real samples, such as water and soil, highlighting its practical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"2 ","pages":"Pages 57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2024.10.001
Neha, Navneet Kaur
Detection of picric acid (PA) in aqueous solutions is crucial for pollution control, extending beyond national security and military applications. Herein, a binary ensemble AM@SDS has been assembled by encapsulating a fluorenone functionalized amide-based probe (AM) within the micelles of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) in an aqueous medium. A range of spectroscopic techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy (FL), have been employed to characterize the formation of micelles of AM@SDS. A remarkable increase in fluorescence intensity was observed upon interactions of AM with the microenvironment of SDS micelles. Conversely, the fluorescence intensity at 358 nm was significantly quenched in the presence of PA compared to other nitroaromatic compounds (NACs). The detection limit for PA was found to be 368 nM. Furthermore, the binary ensemble AM@SDS has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in detecting PA in real water samples from diverse sources such as lake, river, and tap water, achieving an exceptional recovery rate of up to 99.9 %.
检测水溶液中的苦味酸（PA）对于污染控制至关重要，其应用范围已超出国家安全和军事领域。在这里，通过在水介质中将芴酮官能化的酰胺基探针（AM）封装在阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）的胶束中，组装出了二元组合 AM@SDS。我们采用了一系列光谱技术，包括高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）、动态光散射（DLS）和荧光光谱（FL），来表征 AM@SDS 胶束的形成。在 AM 与 SDS 胶束的微环境相互作用时，观察到荧光强度明显增加。相反，与其他硝基芳香族化合物（NACs）相比，在 PA 的存在下，358 nm 处的荧光强度被明显淬灭。PA 的检测限为 368 nM。此外，二元组合 AM@SDS 在检测湖泊、河流和自来水等不同来源的真实水样中的 PA 方面表现出了卓越的功效，回收率高达 99.9%。
{"title":"Precision picric acid detection via a fluorenone-amide functionalized fluorescent micellar probe","authors":"Neha, Navneet Kaur","doi":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esi.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detection of picric acid (<strong>PA</strong>) in aqueous solutions is crucial for pollution control, extending beyond national security and military applications. Herein, a binary ensemble <strong>AM@SDS</strong> has been assembled by encapsulating a fluorenone functionalized amide-based probe (<strong>AM</strong>) within the micelles of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) in an aqueous medium. A range of spectroscopic techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy (FL), have been employed to characterize the formation of micelles of <strong>AM@SDS</strong>. A remarkable increase in fluorescence intensity was observed upon interactions of <strong>AM</strong> with the microenvironment of SDS micelles. Conversely, the fluorescence intensity at 358 nm was significantly quenched in the presence of <strong>PA</strong> compared to other nitroaromatic compounds (NACs). The detection limit for <strong>PA</strong> was found to be 368 nM. Furthermore, the binary ensemble <strong>AM@SDS</strong> has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in detecting <strong>PA</strong> in real water samples from diverse sources such as lake, river, and tap water, achieving an exceptional recovery rate of up to 99.9 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100486,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces","volume":"2 ","pages":"Pages 49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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