Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces最新文献

Waste-derived carbon materials for high-efficiency lithium-ion batteries: A review 高效锂离子电池用废碳材料研究进展

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2026.01.001

Abdulafeez O. Orilonise , Kingsley O. Iwuozor , Ebuka Chizitere Emenike , Joshua Emeghai , Adewale George Adeniyi

Waste derived carbon materials have advanced as sustainable alternatives to graphite for lithium ion battery anodes, yet existing studies remain fragmented because biomass and plastic wastes are often examined separately. This review integrates these research streams and establishes a unified framework linking feedstock composition, co-carbonization behaviour, activation pathways, heteroatom doping, and microstructural evolution to electrochemical performance. The analysis demonstrates that blended biomass-plastic feedstocks generate synergistic effects that shape yield, porosity, interlayer spacing, defect density, and surface chemistry. These structural features govern dual lithium storage mechanisms involving pseudocapacitive adsorption at defect sites and intercalation within turbostratic microdomains. Reported capacities frequently exceed 500 mAh g⁻¹ with superior rate performance compared to graphite. The review shows that excessive surface area and uncontrolled activation reduce initial coulombic efficiency through extensive solid electrolyte interphase formation, whereas moderated activation and controlled defect engineering improve cyclability. The study also shows the performance gains achieved by forming hybrids with metal oxides, silicon, and MXenes, which enhance conductivity, buffer volume change, and accelerate ion transport, delivering capacities between 700 and 1200 mAh g⁻¹. Key barriers include low initial coulombic efficiency, variable feedstock quality, and the limited scalability of chemical activation. The review identifies targeted pre-lithiation, multi heteroatom co doping, and data driven synthesis optimisation as essential strategies for advancing waste derived carbons toward commercial anode applications.

废物衍生的碳材料作为锂离子电池阳极石墨的可持续替代品已经取得了进展，但现有的研究仍然零散，因为生物质和塑料废物通常是分开研究的。本文综合了这些研究成果，建立了原料组成、共碳化行为、活化途径、杂原子掺杂和微观结构演变与电化学性能之间的统一框架。分析表明，混合生物质-塑料原料产生协同效应，影响收率、孔隙度、层间距、缺陷密度和表面化学。这些结构特征决定了双重锂存储机制，包括在缺陷位置的假电容吸附和在涡轮微畴内的嵌入。据报道，与石墨相比，容量经常超过500 mAh g−1，具有优越的倍率性能。研究表明，过度的表面积和不受控制的活化会通过大量的固体电解质界面形成降低初始库仑效率，而适度的活化和控制的缺陷工程则会提高可循环性。该研究还表明，通过与金属氧化物、硅和MXenes形成混合材料，可以提高导电性能，缓冲体积变化，加速离子传输，提供700至1200 mAh g−1的容量。主要障碍包括初始库仑效率低、原料质量不稳定以及化学活化的可扩展性有限。这篇综述确定了有针对性的预锂化、多杂原子共掺杂和数据驱动的合成优化是将废物衍生碳推进商业阳极应用的基本策略。

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引用次数: 0

Iron-impregnated biochar for the capture and degradation of stormwater-derived trace organic contaminants 铁浸渍生物炭用于捕获和降解雨水产生的微量有机污染物

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.12.007

Aishwarya Das , Fanny E.K. Okaikue-Woodi , Timothy F.M. Rodgers , Jessica R. Ray , Rachel C. Scholes

Bioretention cells are widely used to treat stormwater runoff and can capture trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) via sorption to soil. However, these systems are ineffective for very hydrophilic TrOCs, and can accumulate persistent TrOCs due to slow microbial degradation rates. Soil amendments such as biochar, a carbon-rich material produced through biomass pyrolysis, can be added to these systems to enhance capture of polar TrOCs, but do not address concerns around persistence. We hypothesized that redox-active iron-impregnated biochar amendments could generate reactive intermediates (e.g., hydroxyl radical and ferryl iron) via heterogeneous Fenton reactions and trigger abiotic transformations to enhance degradation of TrOCs in biochar-amended bioretention systems. Herein, we developed an “iron-impregnated biochar” amendment by co-pyrolyzing biochar with an iron nitrate solution. The resulting materials contained approximately 30 % iron based on surface characterization with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The iron impregnation process reduced the surface area of the biochars by 75–93 %, and consequently resulted in decreases in sorption for a suite of TrOCs (fipronil, caffeine, benzotriazole, carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and 6PPDQ) compared to the unmodified biochars. We then assessed whether redox cycling between Fe(II) and Fe(III) at the iron-impregnated biochar surface could produce reactive oxygen species. We found that the iron-impregnated biochars produced both ∙OH (3.4–6.5 μmol mg⁻¹ biochar) and Fe(IV), and that the iron-enhanced amendment could be reactivated 2–3 times through subsequent redox cycles. Overall, our findings suggest that iron-impregnated biochar could enhance the degradation of stormwater-derived TrOCs through generation of reactive oxygen species.

生物截留电池被广泛用于处理雨水径流，它可以通过吸附到土壤中来捕获微量有机污染物。然而，这些系统对非常亲水的troc无效，并且由于微生物降解速度缓慢，可能积累持久性troc。土壤改进剂，如生物炭，一种通过生物质热解产生的富含碳的物质，可以添加到这些系统中，以增强极性troc的捕获，但不能解决持久性问题。我们假设氧化还原活性铁浸渍生物炭改进剂可以通过非均相Fenton反应产生活性中间体（如羟基自由基和铁基铁），并触发非生物转化，以增强生物炭改性生物保留系统中TrOCs的降解。在此，我们通过将生物炭与硝酸铁溶液共热解，开发了一种“铁浸渍生物炭”改进剂。根据能量色散x射线光谱的表面表征，所得材料含有约30 %的铁。铁浸渍过程使生物炭的表面积减少了75% - 93% %，因此与未改性的生物炭相比，对一组TrOCs（氟虫腈、咖啡因、苯并三唑、卡马西平、磺胺甲新唑和6PPDQ）的吸附减少。然后，我们评估了铁浸渍生物炭表面Fe（II）和Fe（III）之间的氧化还原循环是否可以产生活性氧。我们发现铁浸渍的生物炭同时产生∙OH（3.4-6.5 μmol mg−1生物炭）和Fe(IV)，并且铁增强的修饰可以通过随后的氧化还原循环被重新激活2-3次。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，铁浸渍生物炭可以通过生成活性氧来增强雨水来源的TrOCs的降解。

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引用次数: 0

Simple graft modification of reverse osmosis membrane to improve the permeability and antifouling performance 对反渗透膜进行简单接枝改性，提高其渗透性和防污性能

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.12.005

Zilong Huang , Kuo Chen , Zhongyang Wang , Jianquan Peng , Siheng Zhao , Shengchao Zhao , Hengyu Zhou , Jiamei Sheng , Chang Jin , Mingbin Chen , Xiaoqi Ma , Zihui Lu , Q. Jason Niu

Membrane fouling remains a critical bottleneck, limiting the long-term operational stability of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes and causing decreased water permeability, elevated energy consumption, and reduced membrane durability. In this study, a fouling-resistant RO membrane was fabricated by grafting 1,3-diaminoguanidine monohydrochloride (DAGH) monomer onto a nascent polyamide (PA) layer via secondary interfacial polymerization (SIP). ATR-FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed the successful grafting of DAGH. The modified membrane exhibited enhanced hydrophilicity and a significantly reduced surface negative charge. Water permeability increased by 36.1 % (from 3.6 to 4.9 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹), while salt rejection slightly decreased from 99.2 % to 98.7 %. With increasing grafting concentration, the water contact angle decreased from 78° to 62°, indicating enhanced hydrophilicity, while the surface negative charge was significantly reduced. Compared to the pristine membrane, the sample membranes demonstrated superior antifouling performance in dynamic fouling tests; specifically, the flux recovery rates (FRR) against bovine serum albumin (BSA) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were 23.2 % and 9.4 % higher than those of the pristine membrane, respectively. Notably, even for the negatively charged surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS), the modified membrane maintained comparable flux recovery to the original membrane. This facile and efficient DAGH grafting strategy not only achieves high permeability and excellent antifouling properties but also provides a promising approach for designing fouling-resistant RO membranes in desalination applications.

膜污染仍然是一个关键的瓶颈，它限制了反渗透（RO）膜的长期运行稳定性，并导致水渗透性降低、能量消耗增加和膜耐久性降低。在本研究中，通过二级界面聚合（SIP）将1,3-二氨基胍（DAGH）单体接枝到新生聚酰胺（PA）层上，制备了一种抗污染的反渗透膜。ATR-FTIR和XPS分析证实了DAGH的成功接枝。改性后的膜亲水性增强，表面负电荷显著降低。透水性提高36.1 %（从3.6增加到4.9 L m−2 h−1 bar−1），拒盐率从99.2 %下降到98.7 %。随着接枝浓度的增加，水接触角从78°减小到62°，亲水性增强，表面负电荷明显减少。与原始膜相比，样品膜在动态污染测试中表现出更好的防污性能；其中，对牛血清白蛋白（BSA）和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）的通量回收率（FRR）分别比原始膜高23.2% %和9.4% %。值得注意的是，即使是带负电荷的表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS），改性后的膜也保持了与原膜相当的通量恢复。这种简单高效的DAGH接枝策略不仅实现了高渗透性和优异的防污性能，而且为海水淡化应用中抗污反渗透膜的设计提供了有前途的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon materials derived from single-use plastics (SUPs) and their applications in pollution mitigation: Challenges and perspectives 从一次性塑料中提取的碳材料及其在减轻污染中的应用：挑战和前景

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.12.006

M. Ky Nguyen , S. Wong Chang , D. Duc Nguyen

Polymers are extensively utilized in everyday life owing to their low cost, practicality, and chemical stability. This accumulation leads to ecological impacts and microplastic contamination, creating serious environmental concerns. As the consumption of polymer-based materials continues to rise, developing efficient strategies for reusing or recycling plastic waste remains a major obstacle to achieving sustainable development. Converting these non-degradable residues into value-added products represents a promising strategy within the circular economy framework. In recent years, researchers have developed novel carbon-based materials from single-use plastic (SUP) waste using diverse thermal, chemical, and catalytic transformation techniques, including pyrolysis, carbonization, and chemical activation. The development of carbon-based materials from SUPs offers a sustainable approach to addressing pollution by repurposing plastic waste into value-added products. Transforming plastic waste into carbon-based materials is consistent with the principles of the circular economy, turning waste into valuable resources that support achieving the goal of Zero Plastic Waste.

聚合物因其低成本、实用性和化学稳定性在日常生活中得到广泛应用。这种积累导致生态影响和微塑料污染，造成严重的环境问题。由于聚合物基材料的消费继续增加，制定有效的战略重新利用或回收塑料废物仍然是实现可持续发展的主要障碍。在循环经济框架内，将这些不可降解的残留物转化为增值产品是一种很有前途的策略。近年来，研究人员利用各种热、化学和催化转化技术，包括热解、碳化和化学活化，从一次性塑料（SUP）废物中开发出新型碳基材料。从sup中开发碳基材料提供了一种可持续的方法，通过将塑料废物重新利用成增值产品来解决污染问题。将塑料废物转化为碳基材料符合循环经济的原则，将废物转化为宝贵的资源，支持实现零塑料废物的目标。

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引用次数: 0

Biomass-derived carbon materials as sustainable platforms for advanced biomedical applications 生物质衍生碳材料作为先进生物医学应用的可持续平台

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.12.004

Shaikh Abdur Razzak , Shihab Uddin , Anwarul Hasan , Ahmad Nawaz , Muhammad Nurunnabi Siddiquee , Md Abdullah Al Bari , Mohammad Mozahar Hossain

Biomass-derived carbon materials (BCMs) are emerging as sustainable, high-performance alternatives to petroleum-based carbon in advanced biomedical technologies. This review integrates recent progress in the design, synthesis, and application of BCMs derived from diverse biomass precursors, including lignocellulosics, algae, and food or microbial wastes. Key conversion methods including pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, activation, and templating are compared with respect to tunable porosity, heteroatom doping, and morphology control. Distinct BCM classes (activated carbon, carbon dots, graphene derivatives, nanotubes, nano-graphite, and fullerenes) are critically examined through structure, property, and functional relationships relevant to biocompatibility, biosafety, and performance. Characterization approaches including SEM/TEM, XRD, Raman, FTIR, BET are outlined with guidance on correlating surface features to biological response. In addition, applications are evaluated across toxin removal and hemoperfusion, targeted and controlled drug delivery, bioimaging and diagnostics, biosensing, tissue regeneration, antimicrobial coatings, and disinfection technologies. Sustainability perspectives emphasize waste-to-value conversion, circular bioeconomy integration, and life-cycle considerations. Key challenges include green and scalable synthesis, standardization of testing protocols, long-term biosafety assessment, and regulatory translation. Emerging directions including low-temperature solvent-lean synthesis, deterministic heteroatom engineering, interoperable data standards, and hybrid BCM composites with synergistic functionalities are proposed. By unifying insights from materials design, surface science, and biomedical translation, BCMs are positioned to underpin the next generation of safe, efficient, and sustainable medical technologies.

生物质衍生碳材料（bcm）正在成为先进生物医学技术中石油基碳的可持续、高性能替代品。本文综述了从多种生物质前体（包括木质纤维素、藻类和食物或微生物废物）中提取的生物膜基质的设计、合成和应用方面的最新进展。主要的转化方法包括热解、水热炭化、活化和模板化，在孔隙度可调、杂原子掺杂和形貌控制方面进行了比较。不同的BCM类别（活性炭、碳点、石墨烯衍生物、纳米管、纳米石墨和富勒烯）通过与生物相容性、生物安全性和性能相关的结构、特性和功能关系进行了严格的研究。概述了表征方法，包括SEM/TEM， XRD, Raman， FTIR， BET，并指导了表面特征与生物反应的关联。此外，还评估了毒素去除和血液灌流、靶向和控制药物输送、生物成像和诊断、生物传感、组织再生、抗菌涂层和消毒技术等方面的应用。可持续性观点强调废物转化为价值、循环生物经济整合和生命周期考虑。主要挑战包括绿色和可扩展的合成、测试方案标准化、长期生物安全评估和法规翻译。提出了低温溶剂贫合成、确定性杂原子工程、可互操作数据标准和具有协同功能的杂化BCM复合材料等新兴方向。通过统一材料设计、表面科学和生物医学翻译方面的见解，bcm将成为下一代安全、高效和可持续医疗技术的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced chlorine activation on Cu-doped goethite via the synergistic effect of Cu+ and oxygen vacancy for efficient organic pollutant degradation 通过Cu+和氧空位的协同作用增强氯在铜掺杂针铁矿上的活化，有效降解有机污染物

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.12.003

Ziyi Liu, Jun Hao, Xiufang Zhang, Guanlong Wang

The goethite (FeOOH) has become a cost-effective and efficient alternative for triggering chlorine-based advanced oxidation technology towards water purification. However, the performance of FeOOH was limited by the sluggish Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ cycling. Herein, the Cu doped FeOOH (Cu-FeOOH) catalysts with varying Cu doping levels were designed and synthesized, aiming to enhance the chlorine activation efficiency of FeOOH for efficient organic pollutants removal. The results indicated that the Cu doping significantly enhanced catalytic activity of FeOOH, and the Cu-FeOOH with moderate Cu doping level (15-Cu-FeOOH) performed best. The 15-Cu-FeOOH enabled almost complete removal of atrazine within 30 min, whose reaction rate (0.18 min⁻¹) was 233.6 times higher than that of pristine FeOOH (7.8 ×10⁻⁴ min⁻¹). Additionally, 15-Cu-FeOOH/chlorine system demonstrated universal performance towards diverse organic pollutants, extremely low metal leaching and satisfactory cyclic performance. Quenching and probe experiments elucidated •OH primarily contributed to pollutant degradation, while •Cl and •ClO played subordinate roles. Mechanistic insights revealed that the incorporated Cu⁺ and oxygen vacancy (O_v) synergistically enhanced performance of Cu-FeOOH: Cu⁺ enabled efficient Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ cycling via formed Cu-O-Fe bond while O_v expedited Cu²⁺/Cu⁺ cycling through Cu-O_v interaction for Cu⁺ recovery, thus resulting in sustained chlorine activation to produce powerful reactive species for pollutant degradation.

针铁矿（FeOOH）已成为触发氯基高级氧化技术用于水净化的一种经济高效的替代方案。然而，FeOOH的性能受到Fe3+/Fe2+循环缓慢的限制。本文设计并合成了不同铜掺杂水平的Cu掺杂FeOOH （Cu-FeOOH）催化剂，旨在提高FeOOH的氯活化效率，实现对有机污染物的高效去除。结果表明，Cu掺杂显著增强了FeOOH的催化活性，其中Cu掺杂量适中的Cu-FeOOH （15-Cu-FeOOH）表现最好。15-Cu-FeOOH可以在30 min内几乎完全去除阿特拉津，其反应速率（0.18 min−1）是原始FeOOH（7.8 ×10−4 min−1）的233.6倍。此外，15-Cu-FeOOH/氯体系对多种有机污染物具有通用性能，金属浸出率极低，循环性能良好。淬火和探针实验表明，•OH对污染物的降解起主要作用，•Cl和•ClO起次要作用。机制分析表明，加入Cu+和氧空位（Ov）协同增强了Cu- feooh的性能：Cu+通过形成Cu- o - fe键使Fe3+/Fe2+高效循环，而Ov通过Cu-Ov相互作用加速了Cu2+/Cu+循环以回收Cu+，从而导致持续的氯活化产生强大的活性物质，用于污染物降解。

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引用次数: 0

Engineering CuSe nanosheet/TiO₂ heterostructures toward high-performance photocathodes for solar hydrogen production 工程CuSe纳米片/ tio2异质结构用于太阳能制氢的高性能光电阴极

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.12.001

Ying-Chu Chen , Pin-Han Dong , Yu-Kuei Hsu

Two-dimensional copper selenide (CuSe) nanosheet arrays were successfully synthesized on FTO substrates via an electrochemical deposition route, followed by Se vapor thermal treatment and subsequent TiO₂ decoration. Structural and surface analyses confirmed the formation of crystalline CuSe, with XPS revealing the coexistence of Cu²⁺ and Se²⁻ species, while the bandgap values estimated from optical absorption spectra ranged from 1.45 to 1.7 eV depending on post-treatments. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements demonstrated that the photocurrent density of as-grown CuSe nanosheets (−0.8 mA cm⁻²) was markedly improved after Se vapor annealing (−2.1 mA cm⁻²) and further enhanced with TiO₂ decoration (−3.0 mA cm⁻²), corresponding to nearly a fourfold increase. Incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) spectra revealed a similar absorption onset at 680 nm but significantly higher conversion efficiencies for the CuSe–Se/TiO₂ heterostructure. Mott–Schottky analyses confirmed the p-type semiconducting behavior, with variations in flat-band potential and carrier concentration indicating enhanced charge separation upon TiO₂ modification. Gas chromatographic measurements further verified solar-driven water splitting, yielding H₂ gas with Faradaic efficiencies of ∼80 % under simulated AM 1.5 G irradiation. These findings highlight that Se vapor treatment combined with TiO₂ decoration provides an effective strategy to boost the PEC performance of CuSe nanosheets, demonstrating their potential as efficient photocathodes for solar hydrogen generation.

采用电化学沉积的方法在FTO衬底上成功合成了二维硒化铜（CuSe）纳米片阵列，并进行了Se气相热处理和tio2修饰。结构和表面分析证实了结晶CuSe的形成，XPS显示Cu 2 +和Se 2⁻共存，而根据后处理的不同，光学吸收光谱估计的带隙值在1.45到1.7 eV之间。光电化学（PEC）测量表明，生长的CuSe纳米片的光电流密度（−0.8 mA cm⁻²）在Se气相退火（−2.1 mA cm⁻²）后显着提高，并在TiO₂修饰（−3.0 mA cm⁻²）后进一步提高，相当于增加了近四倍。入射光子到电子转换效率（IPCE）光谱显示，在680 nm处，CuSe-Se /TiO 2异质结构的吸收开始相似，但转换效率明显更高。Mott-Schottky分析证实了p型半导体行为，平带电位和载流子浓度的变化表明tio2修饰后电荷分离增强。气相色谱测量进一步验证了太阳能驱动的水分解，在模拟的AM 1.5 G照射下产生法拉第效率为~ 80 %的H₂气体。这些发现表明，Se气相处理结合TiO 2修饰是提高CuSe纳米片PEC性能的有效策略，证明了它们作为太阳能制氢的高效光电阴极的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Directing three-electron oxygen reduction to hydroxyl radicals via encapsulated Fe0 and FeOx in carbon shells for rapid organics degradation 通过包裹在碳壳中的Fe0和FeOx引导三电子氧还原到羟基自由基，用于有机物的快速降解

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.12.002

Yaoqi Liu, Xiaohan Xu, Meirou Huang, Hong Xiao, Xiaojing Wang, Hong Peng, Xiaohui Lu, Yanzong Zhang, Shihuai Deng, Zhenxing Zeng

Electro-Fenton is a promising technology for the treatment of organic wastewater via the in-situ generation of highly oxidizing hydroxyl radicals (·OH). However, The Fe(III)/Fe(II) constitutes the rate-limiting step in the entire electro-Fenton process, where sluggish Fe(III)/Fe(II) severely constrains the generation rate of ·OH. Herein, we designed a three-electron oxygen reduction reaction (3e^- ORR) catalyst featuring an iron core encased in porous carbon (Fe@PC), which accelerates the Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle, directly reduces O₂ to ·OH, and thus shows excellent phenol removal efficiency. Results show that the H₂O₂ in situ generated on the carbon shell can be rapidly activated by the Fe/FeO_x core, leading to the increased ·OH generation. Consequently, the as-developed Fe@PC electro-Fenton system exhibits higher phenol degradation activity, with a kinetic constant of 0.092 min⁻¹, which is more than 10 times higher than the porous carbon (PC) counterpart. This study contributes to the rational design of 3e^- ORR catalysts with the aim of strengthening the practical application of electro-Fenton in the treatment of organic wastewater.

电fenton是一种很有前途的有机废水处理技术，它通过原位生成高氧化性羟基自由基（·OH）来处理有机废水。然而，Fe(III)/Fe（II）构成了整个电fenton过程的限速步骤，其中缓慢的Fe(III)/Fe（II）严重限制了·OH的生成速率。为此，我们设计了一种以多孔碳包裹铁芯的三电子氧还原反应（3e- ORR）催化剂（Fe@PC），该催化剂加速了Fe(III)/Fe（II）循环，直接将O2还原为·OH，从而表现出优异的除酚效率。结果表明，碳壳上原位生成的H2O2可被Fe/FeOx核快速活化，导致·OH生成增加。因此，所开发的Fe@PC电fenton体系具有更高的苯酚降解活性，其动力学常数为0.092 min−1，是多孔碳（PC）体系的10倍以上。本研究有助于3e- ORR催化剂的合理设计，旨在加强电fenton在有机废水处理中的实际应用。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging technologies and advanced nanomaterials for arsenic remediation in water and environmental systems: A comprehensive review 水和环境系统中砷修复的新兴技术和先进纳米材料：综合综述

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.10.002

Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani , Mustafa Tuzen , Muhammad Yar Khuhawar , Ahmet Sarı , Nail Altunay , Tawfik A. Saleh

Arsenic (As) contamination in water, soil, and environmental systems poses a critical global challenge due to its severe public health and ecological impacts. Even low-level, chronic exposure to arsenic is linked to severe health effects, while environmentally, it reduces soil productivity, disrupts aquatic ecosystems, and undermines biodiversity. Arsenic originates from both anthropogenic activities—such as mining, pesticide application, and industrial effluents—and natural geogenic processes, occurring mainly as arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)], with As(III) being more toxic and mobile. Conventional remediation methods, including coagulation–flocculation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and phytoremediation, are limited by high operational costs, secondary waste generation, and insufficient long-term sustainability. Consequently, emerging technologies and advanced nanomaterials have gained increasing attention for arsenic removal. These approaches, encompassing metal oxide nanostructures, carbon-based nanomaterials, biopolymeric composites, and functionalized membranes, offer enhanced selectivity, reusability, and adsorption performance across diverse environmental settings. This review critically evaluates recent advancements in arsenic remediation, comparing mechanisms, performance metrics, and practical applicability of traditional and next-generation technologies. The synthesis highlights opportunities for scalable, eco-friendly, and economically viable solutions, while identifying knowledge gaps that can guide future research, industrial applications, and policy frameworks aimed at mitigating arsenic contamination worldwide.

水、土壤和环境系统中的砷污染由于其严重的公共卫生和生态影响而构成了一项重大的全球挑战。即使是低水平、长期接触砷也会对健康造成严重影响，而在环境方面，它会降低土壤生产力，破坏水生生态系统，破坏生物多样性。砷来源于采矿、农药施用和工业废水等人为活动和自然地质过程，主要以亚砷酸盐[as (III)]和砷酸盐[as (V)]的形式存在，其中as （III）毒性更强，流动性更强。传统的修复方法，包括混凝-絮凝、离子交换、反渗透和植物修复，由于操作成本高、产生二次废物和长期可持续性不足而受到限制。因此，新兴技术和先进的纳米材料越来越受到人们的关注。这些方法，包括金属氧化物纳米结构、碳基纳米材料、生物聚合物复合材料和功能化膜，在不同的环境条件下提供了更高的选择性、可重用性和吸附性能。这篇综述批判性地评价了砷修复的最新进展，比较了机制、性能指标和传统技术和下一代技术的实际适用性。该综合报告强调了可扩展、环保和经济上可行的解决方案的机会，同时确定了可以指导未来研究、工业应用和旨在减轻全球砷污染的政策框架的知识差距。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization method of supercritical water treatment of oily sludge based on double constraints of treatment efficiency and energy consumption 基于处理效率和能耗双重约束的含油污泥超临界水处理优化方法

Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.esi.2025.10.001

Peng Zhang , Xinbao Xu , Jing Liu , Xiaoming Luo

The high energy consumption of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) technology is a major constraint on its industrial application. Existing studies have predominantly focused on treatment efficiency, lacking energy consumption evaluation methods and optimization of operational parameters based on energy usage. This study experimentally investigates the reaction sensitivity and interactions of temperature, oxidation coefficient, time, and pressure in the SCWO of oily sludge. The results show that temperature has the strongest reaction sensitivity for treatment efficiency, while the effect of pressure can be neglected. Enhancing another operating parameter within any given range of one operating parameter will promote the reaction. Additionally, a dual-constraint reaction prediction model, coupling treatment efficiency with energy consumption, was developed. Results show that temperature not only determines the endothermic heating of the reaction but also influences exothermic oxidation and thermal recovery through its effect on treatment efficiency. The optimal operating parameters for maximum COD removal efficiency (CRE) and minimum energy consumption were found to be T = 766 K, OC= 2.59, and t = 318 s, resulting in a CRE of 99.41 % and a theoretical energy consumption (Q_th) of 85.99 kJ. These findings provide critical insights for the industrial application of SCWO technology in treating oily sludge.

超临界水氧化（SCWO）技术的高能耗是制约其工业化应用的主要因素。现有研究主要集中在处理效率方面，缺乏能耗评价方法和基于能耗的操作参数优化。本研究通过实验研究了温度、氧化系数、时间和压力在含油污泥SCWO中的反应敏感性及其相互作用。结果表明，温度对处理效率的反应敏感性最强，压力的影响可以忽略不计。在一个操作参数的任何给定范围内提高另一个操作参数将促进反应。建立了处理效率与能耗耦合的双约束反应预测模型。结果表明，温度不仅决定了反应的吸热加热，还通过对处理效率的影响影响放热氧化和热回收。最大COD去除效率的最优操作参数(CRE)和最小的能源消耗是766 T =  K, OC = 2.59和318 T =  年代,导致CRE 99.41 %和理论能耗(地址)的85.99 kJ。这些发现为SCWO技术在含油污泥处理中的工业应用提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0