Randomly dispersed short glass fibre in a thermoplastic resin matrix (polypropylene) exhibited a brittle mode of failure. Fibrous composite, on hybridisation with a glass particulate, gained ductility with slight loss of tensile strength and elastic modulus, but the mode of failure changed from brittle to elastic-plastic.
It is shown that Galerkin's variational formulation can be advantageously used when solving certain unsteady state heat conduction problems in two-dimensional anisotropic media. The case of heat sources is also considered. The methodology developed in this study can be used also for three-dimensional problems.
In this study, paper is modelled as a homogeneous structure where the cell-wall layer of the fiber constitutes the main building unit. According to this approach, the macroscopic properties of paper are related to the properties of the constituent polymers, cellulose and hemicelluloses. The effects of fiber orientation and the influence of moisture content on the elastic moduli and hygroexpansivity of paper are examined and the results compared with experimental data. It is suggested that the mechanical properties of paper are dependent on a mixture of transverse and longitudinal cell-wall layer properties and not only on the proportion of fibers in any direction.
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