Gastroenterology & Endoscopy最新文献

{"title":"Alcohol-associated liver disease: A review","authors":"Damarla Nagarjuna,&nbsp;Elumalai Karthikeyan","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alcohol-associated Liver Disease (ALD) is a collection of liver disorders caused by prolonged and excessive alcohol consumption, ranging from fatty liver alterations to fibrosis and cirrhosis. This condition accounts for 5.9 ​% of all annual fatalities, making it a significant contributor to the global disease burden. The pathophysiology of ALD involves various processes, such as abnormal alcohol metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and disrupted lipid metabolism. Risk factors for ALD include obesity, metabolic syndrome, hepatitis, smoking, and sex, with women being more susceptible to liver damage at lower levels of alcohol consumption. To prevent advanced ALD and promote recovery, prompt intervention and alcohol abstinence are essential. However, diagnosing ALD can be challenging owing to the lack of early symptoms, emphasising the need for effective and accessible treatments. Current treatments for ALD focus on symptomatic management and liver transplantation in end-stage cases. However, the limited number of donors and the requirement for alcohol abstinence before transplantation pose significant challenges. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ALD is crucial for the identification and development of novel therapeutic strategies. This review aims to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of ALD, highlighting the critical need for further research and interventions to address this global health threat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 65-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorectal cancer spectrum: From subtypes and epidemiology to oncotherapies","authors":"Nidhi Agrawal,&nbsp;S.K. Lanjhiyana,&nbsp;Meenakshi Jaiswal,&nbsp;Mohammad Akbar Siddiqui,&nbsp;Sakshi Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) has an incidence rate of 10 ​% and is the third most common cause of mortality worldwide, following breast and lung cancer. The clinical symptoms of CRC appear in the last phases of the disease and there is a substantial golden period between the formation of polyps and the onset of cancer. There are many traditional options available for the treatment of CRC, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, etc. Although there have been significant advancements in conventional therapies, the management and prevention of CRC are still relatively challenging due to disease reoccurrence and resistance to chemotherapy. Recently, novel strategies including targeted therapy and immunotherapy have emerged as novel possibilities for treating CRC. The present article provides an overview of the molecular subtypes, epidemiology, carcinogenesis, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and recent advancements in therapeutic options for the treatment of CRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 55-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic immune-inflammation index: Unveiling the diagnostic potential in ulcerative colitis through a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Anas Elgenidy ,&nbsp;Omar Alomari ,&nbsp;Tasbih Emad ,&nbsp;Sara K. Kamal ,&nbsp;Islam E. Al Ghanam ,&nbsp;Aya Sherif ,&nbsp;Mohammed Al-mahdi Al-kurdi ,&nbsp;Abdallah A. Helal ,&nbsp;Yusof Mohamed Omar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Rafiek Ramadan","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with unpredictable colon and rectum inflammation episodes. Evaluating disease activity is essential for effective management. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a potential biomarker for assessing inflammation and disease severity in UC. This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the utility of SII in UC by analyzing its association with disease activity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases have been searched for relevant studies OpenMetaAnalyst software were utilized in the analysis. Furthermore, we conducted a diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) analysis using Meta-Disc version 2.0 software, employing a univariate model to assess the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of SII.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included seven retrospective studies comprising 1127 UC patients and 686 healthy controls. Our analysis revealed a significantly higher SII in UC patients compared to healthy controls (mean difference: −620.00, 95 ​% CI -1337.08 – 97.07), indicating its potential as a diagnostic marker. SII was also significantly lower in UC patients in remission compared to those with active disease (mean difference: −521.71, 95 ​% CI -962.92 to −80.50), suggesting its role in monitoring disease activity. The DTA analysis demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 0.622 and specificity of 0.805 for SII in predicting UC activity, with a diagnostic odds ratio of 6.773.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our meta-analysis reveals that the SII holds significant promise as a non-invasive marker for assessing the activity and severity of UC. The findings demonstrate that SII is significantly lower in healthy controls compared to UC patients and lower in patients in remission compared to those with active disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcutaneous panniculitis as complication of valproate-induced pancreatitis","authors":"Michel Tawk,&nbsp;Salim Salloum,&nbsp;Radwan Zeidan,&nbsp;Mirna Fares","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medications and drugs constitute a well-known etiology of pancreatitis. Rare signs and symptoms of the disease can occur. We present a case of pancreatitis caused by valproic acid and that was complicated by subcutaneous panniculitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 36-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of hemobilia caused by acute cholecystitis with an underlying gallbladder aneurysm","authors":"Hui Yi Sara Cheo ,&nbsp;En Xian Sarah Low ,&nbsp;Wee Ming Tay","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a case of a patient who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, obstructive jaundice and bacteremia, of which the underlying cause turned out to be hemobilia from acute cholecystitis and a gallbladder aneurysm. The patient made a full recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Our case highlights the importance of having a high index of suspicion for hemobilia and showcases how hemobilia can be a rare cause of persistent obstructive jaundice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 32-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The complexity of mucosal damage in gastroesophageal airway reflux disease: A molecular perspective","authors":"Sheng Chen ,&nbsp;Min Wang ,&nbsp;Shuai Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Huang ,&nbsp;Xinke Sui ,&nbsp;Dou Li ,&nbsp;Changqing Zhong ,&nbsp;Wei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gastroesophageal airway reflux disease (GARD) refers to a class of diseases in which the contents of the digestive system reflux into esophagus, the upper and lower airways, mouth, ear and nose et al., causing uncomfortable symptoms. It covers gastroesophageal reflux disease and extra-esophageal reflux disease. GARD is one of the most common diseases in clinical practice. The main cause of GARD-related clinical symptoms and signs of GARD is the structural damage and functional disability, which were caused by repeated contact between the mucous epithelium of the reflux tract and the acidic and non-acidic components of the reflux. Over the years, major progress has been made in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of reflux associated mucosal inflammation, suggesting a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis and immune-mediated effects. Thus, we reviewed the clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of GARD and probe the complexity of the pathogenesis of GARD-related mucosal inflammation from the aspects of microscopic changes and specific molecular mediators. New drug therapies for the mucosal injuries in the reflux tract were also reviewed. From bench to bedside, these novel molecular findings might provide new perspectives and therapeutic approaches for GARD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver lobes and cirrhosis: Diagnostic insights from lobar ratios","authors":"Kriti Pandey ,&nbsp;Debabrata Dash ,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Koiri","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver cirrhosis is the formation of abnormal nodular structure and fibrosis. Globally it accounts for 4 ​% of all deaths. Alcohol, viral hepatitis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are the most common cause of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis progresses from the compensated stage to the decompensated stage. It is end-stage liver disease. Anatomically, the liver is divided into four lobes, the right lobe, the left lobe, the caudate lobe, and the quadrate lobe. This lobe varies in size and location within the liver, the right lobe being the largest. Cirrhosis primarily causes portal hypertension which has a varying impact on the four lobes. The right lobe undergoes atrophy due to its acentric location from a central vein and the caudate lobe undergoes hypertrophy due to its central location from the central vein. Preferential perfusion occurs in the caudate lobe and there is a decrease in perfusion in the right lobe. The early non-invasive diagnosis of cirrhosis is required for safe and curable treatment of early-stage cirrhosis. The size variability induced by cirrhosis plays a significant role in its diagnosis. Two key ratios for early cirrhosis detection are the caudate-to-right lobe ratio and the right-to-left lobe ratio, with the former being more substantial. The caudate-to-right-lobe ratio (C/RL) is a key morphological marker for evaluating liver changes in cirrhosis. A C/RL ratio above 0.65 suggests the presence of cirrhosis, making it a valuable tool in diagnosing the condition. These measurements are non-invasive, safe, and crucial for early diagnosis of cirrhosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of peptic ulcer disease and its associated factors in Jeddah Saudi Arabia","authors":"Muazzam Sheriff Maqbul ,&nbsp;Reem Saleh Alzaki ,&nbsp;Reema Sami Meeralam ,&nbsp;Norah Abdulmajeed Alqutami ,&nbsp;Bayan Mohammed Alturki ,&nbsp;Lina Sultan Alhazmi ,&nbsp;Reem Mamdouh Alaseeri ,&nbsp;Lama Saad Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Reem Khalid bin Brik ,&nbsp;Shaima Tariq Mansoor Beig ,&nbsp;Muath Saeed Alamri ,&nbsp;Wjood Abdullah A. Alshehri ,&nbsp;Turki Ayed Almutairi ,&nbsp;Maha Abdullah Alqurashi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Jamal Nasef","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Peptic ulcer disease's (PUD) global significance, emphasizing its health burdens and associations with factors like <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> infection and lifestyle habits. The need for comprehensive approaches to prevention and management. Despite global research, there's a gap in understanding PUD in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, necessitating this study to inform healthcare policies and interventions in the region. The study aims to investigate PUD prevalence, associated factors, healthcare-seeking behavior, and knowledge levels in Jeddah's population to provide insights for public health strategies and clinical practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and its associated factors in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using a validated questionnaire covered demographic details, knowledge, psychosocial aspects, symptoms, healthcare-seeking behavior, and medical history. It was translated into Arabic, culturally adapted, and validated through expert review and pilot testing. A sample size of 561 participants was determined using an online sample calculator, targeting a 95 ​% confidence level. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Research Review Board (IRRB-02-03,092,023). Data was collected through an online survey using convenience sampling and analyzed with SPSS and Excel, employing both descriptive and inferential statistical methods.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The survey in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, examined peptic ulcer disease (PUD) prevalence and associated factors. Demographic analysis showed 561 participants, almost evenly split by gender (269 males, 292 females), with varying ages and educational backgrounds. Symptoms like abdominal pain were prevalent (398 respondents), as were lifestyle factors such as spicy food consumption (456 respondents) and stress (496 respondents). The study revealed a high PUD prevalence, with 463 respondents (82.53 ​%) reporting a history of the disease, primarily gastric ulcers (256 cases, 45.63 ​%) and duodenal ulcers (207 cases, 36.89 ​%). Treatment mainly involved outpatient antibiotic use (419 respondents, 74.68 ​%), while 44 respondents (7.84 ​%) required hospitalization. Reported well-being levels ranged from 1 to 10, with various satisfaction levels among respondents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study highlighted a substantial prevalence of PUD, primarily gastric ulcers, among participants. The findings advocate for tailored interventions, including education, screening, and treatment optimization, to alleviate the PUD burden and enhance healthcare outcomes. The study offers crucial insights into PUD epidemiology, guiding evidence-based prevention and management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Effective non-surgical treatment of hemorrhoids with sclerosing foam and novel injection device” [Gastroenterol Endoscop 2, (4) (2024), 176–180]","authors":"Juan Cabrera Garcia-Olmedo ,&nbsp;Gonzalo López González","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 1","pages":"Page 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of mortality for stomach cancer during the past 20 years in the US","authors":"Camilla Mattiuzzi,&nbsp;Giuseppe Lippi","doi":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gande.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100571,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Endoscopy","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 10-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}