Pub Date : 2025-07-07eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2025.103443
Niamh X Cawley, Ruyu Zhou, Avani Mylvara, Cameron J Padilla, Derek Alexander, Nicole Farhat, Carolina Alvarez, Antony Cougnoux, Elizabeth Berry-Kravis, Stephanie M Cologna, Fang Liu, Forbes D Porter
Purpose: Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease caused by pathological variants in NPC1. Analysis of serum neurofilament light (NfL), a marker of neuronal damage, could be useful as a biomarker for patient monitoring and clinical trial design.
Methods: We measured NfL levels in serum samples from 118 well-characterized individuals with NPC1 and analyzed them with respect to clinical measures and treatment status.
Results: The results show a 6.1-fold increase in serum NfL in individuals with NPC1 compared with age-appropriate controls. Moreover, serum NfL levels showed a significant positive correlation with age of neurological symptom onset and the annual severity increment score. Serum NfL levels were also positively correlated with the 17- and 5-domain NPC Neurological Severity Scores. Longitudinal analyses reveal a 26% reduction in serum NfL levels in individuals on miglustat, a therapeutic drug used off-label for the treatment of NPC1 in the United States of America. Effectiveness of intrathecal hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment may be more beneficial in younger individuals. To help inform clinical trial design, our modeling predicts that a measurable reduction of serum NfL levels might be observed after 8 months of treatment with a potential drug exhibiting 10% to 20% efficacy.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that NfL may be a useful serum biomarker for NPC1.
{"title":"Serum neurofilament light protein as a biomarker in Niemann-Pick disease, type C1.","authors":"Niamh X Cawley, Ruyu Zhou, Avani Mylvara, Cameron J Padilla, Derek Alexander, Nicole Farhat, Carolina Alvarez, Antony Cougnoux, Elizabeth Berry-Kravis, Stephanie M Cologna, Fang Liu, Forbes D Porter","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.103443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.103443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (NPC1) is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease caused by pathological variants in <i>NPC1</i>. Analysis of serum neurofilament light (NfL), a marker of neuronal damage, could be useful as a biomarker for patient monitoring and clinical trial design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured NfL levels in serum samples from 118 well-characterized individuals with NPC1 and analyzed them with respect to clinical measures and treatment status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show a 6.1-fold increase in serum NfL in individuals with NPC1 compared with age-appropriate controls. Moreover, serum NfL levels showed a significant positive correlation with age of neurological symptom onset and the annual severity increment score. Serum NfL levels were also positively correlated with the 17- and 5-domain NPC Neurological Severity Scores. Longitudinal analyses reveal a 26% reduction in serum NfL levels in individuals on miglustat, a therapeutic drug used off-label for the treatment of NPC1 in the United States of America. Effectiveness of intrathecal hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment may be more beneficial in younger individuals. To help inform clinical trial design, our modeling predicts that a measurable reduction of serum NfL levels might be observed after 8 months of treatment with a potential drug exhibiting 10% to 20% efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggest that NfL may be a useful serum biomarker for NPC1.</p>","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"103443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101902
Kelsey S. Lau-Min , Shavon Rochester , Megan Grabill , Jessica M. Long , Danielle B. McKenna , Jacqueline Powers , Danny Bracy , Leland Boisseau , Peter Gabriel , Randall Oyer , Susan M. Domchek , Katharine A. Rendle , Katherine L. Nathanson , Bryson W. Katona
Purpose
Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed under age 50 is increasing at alarming rates, with >75% of early-onset cases occurring in patients between 40 and 49 years old. Germline genetic risk evaluations are key to delivering high-quality care to these patients.
Methods
We conducted a single-arm pilot implementation study of a default genetic referral process for patients diagnosed with CRC between ages 40 and 49 at 5 hospitals in an academic health system. A research coordinator notified patients and their oncologists of their eligibility for a default genetic referral, after which all patients who did not opt out were referred for genetic counseling, testing, and result disclosure as per usual care. The primary outcome was the genetic referral rate; secondary outcomes included the percentage of eligible patients who were scheduled for a genetic evaluation, completed genetic counseling, and underwent testing within 3 months of the initial referral. We conducted semistructured exit interviews with a subset of patients and oncologists to elicit feedback on the intervention.
Results
We included 53 patients, of whom 49 (92%) were referred to genetics, 38 (72%) were scheduled, 22 (42%) completed genetic counseling, and 13 (25%) underwent testing within 3 months of the initial referral. In exit interviews (n = 10 patients and 10 oncologists), participants reported finding the default genetic referral process acceptable and feasible to implement.
Conclusion
A default genetic referral process is acceptable, feasible, and associated with a high referral rate for patients with early-onset CRC; however, subsequent scheduling, evaluation, and testing rates remain suboptimal.
{"title":"Pilot implementation study of a default genetic referral process for patients with early-onset colorectal cancer","authors":"Kelsey S. Lau-Min , Shavon Rochester , Megan Grabill , Jessica M. Long , Danielle B. McKenna , Jacqueline Powers , Danny Bracy , Leland Boisseau , Peter Gabriel , Randall Oyer , Susan M. Domchek , Katharine A. Rendle , Katherine L. Nathanson , Bryson W. Katona","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed under age 50 is increasing at alarming rates, with >75% of early-onset cases occurring in patients between 40 and 49 years old. Germline genetic risk evaluations are key to delivering high-quality care to these patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a single-arm pilot implementation study of a default genetic referral process for patients diagnosed with CRC between ages 40 and 49 at 5 hospitals in an academic health system. A research coordinator notified patients and their oncologists of their eligibility for a default genetic referral, after which all patients who did not opt out were referred for genetic counseling, testing, and result disclosure as per usual care. The primary outcome was the genetic referral rate; secondary outcomes included the percentage of eligible patients who were scheduled for a genetic evaluation, completed genetic counseling, and underwent testing within 3 months of the initial referral. We conducted semistructured exit interviews with a subset of patients and oncologists to elicit feedback on the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 53 patients, of whom 49 (92%) were referred to genetics, 38 (72%) were scheduled, 22 (42%) completed genetic counseling, and 13 (25%) underwent testing within 3 months of the initial referral. In exit interviews (<em>n</em> = 10 patients and 10 oncologists), participants reported finding the default genetic referral process acceptable and feasible to implement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A default genetic referral process is acceptable, feasible, and associated with a high referral rate for patients with early-onset CRC; however, subsequent scheduling, evaluation, and testing rates remain suboptimal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 101902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101901
Hyunjung Gu , Yao Yu , Saumya Dushyant Sisoudiya , Pamela Mishra , He Li , Jeremy M. Schraw , Michael E. Scheurer , Donna M. Muzny , Danielle Mitchell , Olga Taylor , Shalini N. Jhangiani , Shannon Dugan-Perez , Yifan Wu , Harsha Doddapaneni , Sravya Venkata Bhamidipati , Marie-Claude Gingras , Jennifer E. Posey , Richard A. Gibbs , Chad D. Huff , Sharon E. Plon , Aniko Sabo
Purpose
Although congenital anomalies are among the strongest risk factors for developing pediatric cancer, the genetic underpinnings remain unclear. Therefore, we evaluated germline susceptibility in children with congenital anomalies and cancer.
Methods
Through the Genetic Overlap Between Anomalies and Cancer in Kids Study, we recruited 47 participants with anomalies and cancer, along with their biological families. Genome sequencing was performed, focusing on single-nucleotide variants, indels, and structural variants. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics classification.
Results
We identified pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 23.4% (11 of 47) of participants. These variants encompassed (1) 4 genes associated with both anomalies and cancer (WT1, USP9X, PTPN1, and LZTR1), (2) 2 established cancer predisposition genes (TP53 in 2 participants and PAX5), and (3) 4 genes that are associated with anomalies (MMUT, FBN1, COL3A1, and KAT6B). We further investigated the role of KAT6B on neuroblastoma in a gene-based analysis from 409 neuroblastoma cases and 952 controls. This analysis demonstrated a significant enrichment of rare, predicted deleterious variants (P = .017), with odds ratios ranging from 2 to 4 based on the conditions we applied.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates a molecular diagnostic yield of 23.4% in participants with both anomalies and cancer. Additionally, the findings further implicate the role of KAT6B as a novel neuroblastoma predisposition gene.
{"title":"An evaluation of genetic predisposition to congenital anomalies and pediatric cancer supports KAT6B as a novel neuroblastoma susceptibility gene","authors":"Hyunjung Gu , Yao Yu , Saumya Dushyant Sisoudiya , Pamela Mishra , He Li , Jeremy M. Schraw , Michael E. Scheurer , Donna M. Muzny , Danielle Mitchell , Olga Taylor , Shalini N. Jhangiani , Shannon Dugan-Perez , Yifan Wu , Harsha Doddapaneni , Sravya Venkata Bhamidipati , Marie-Claude Gingras , Jennifer E. Posey , Richard A. Gibbs , Chad D. Huff , Sharon E. Plon , Aniko Sabo","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Although congenital anomalies are among the strongest risk factors for developing pediatric cancer, the genetic underpinnings remain unclear. Therefore, we evaluated germline susceptibility in children with congenital anomalies and cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Through the Genetic Overlap Between Anomalies and Cancer in Kids Study, we recruited 47 participants with anomalies and cancer, along with their biological families. Genome sequencing was performed, focusing on single-nucleotide variants, indels, and structural variants. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics classification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 23.4% (11 of 47) of participants. These variants encompassed (1) 4 genes associated with both anomalies and cancer (<em>WT1</em>, <em>USP9X</em>, <em>PTPN1</em>, and <em>LZTR1</em>), (2) 2 established cancer predisposition genes (<em>TP53</em> in 2 participants and <em>PAX5</em>), and (3) 4 genes that are associated with anomalies (<em>MMUT</em>, <em>FBN1</em>, <em>COL3A1</em>, and <em>KAT6B</em>). We further investigated the role of <em>KAT6B</em> on neuroblastoma in a gene-based analysis from 409 neuroblastoma cases and 952 controls. This analysis demonstrated a significant enrichment of rare, predicted deleterious variants (<em>P</em> = .017), with odds ratios ranging from 2 to 4 based on the conditions we applied.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates a molecular diagnostic yield of 23.4% in participants with both anomalies and cancer. Additionally, the findings further implicate the role of <em>KAT6B</em> as a novel neuroblastoma predisposition gene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 101901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101918
Rachel D. Burnside , Julie Best , Lisa Spudich , Amy Leftwich , Marbella Ospino , Ryan K. Olson , Jacob Diaz , Annette Mulka , Yanelys Guttierez , Heather Adams , Kenneth Greer , Julia Holmes , Christy Prongay , Lorraine Merant , Yael Glickman , Mohammad Kasom , Cristina Steele , Agshin F. Taghiyev , Lynne S. Rosenblum
{"title":"1: Multicenter evaluation of a new AI-based karyotyping software on bone marrow specimens","authors":"Rachel D. Burnside , Julie Best , Lisa Spudich , Amy Leftwich , Marbella Ospino , Ryan K. Olson , Jacob Diaz , Annette Mulka , Yanelys Guttierez , Heather Adams , Kenneth Greer , Julia Holmes , Christy Prongay , Lorraine Merant , Yael Glickman , Mohammad Kasom , Cristina Steele , Agshin F. Taghiyev , Lynne S. Rosenblum","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101918","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 101918"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101921
Stuart Schwartz, Alexandra Arreola, Gloria Haskell, Andrea Penton, Karen Phillips, Jim Tepperberg, Inder Gadi
{"title":"4: Chromosome mosaicism: A new look at an old (and perplexing) problem","authors":"Stuart Schwartz, Alexandra Arreola, Gloria Haskell, Andrea Penton, Karen Phillips, Jim Tepperberg, Inder Gadi","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 101921"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102853
Drew Levy , Naomi Schwartz , David Andrae , Sarah Rose , Hafiz Oko-osi , Ogün Sazova , Kristin Lindstrom
{"title":"P009: Index of sustained Phe response and improvements in PKU clinical outcome assessments in patients receiving pegvaliase","authors":"Drew Levy , Naomi Schwartz , David Andrae , Sarah Rose , Hafiz Oko-osi , Ogün Sazova , Kristin Lindstrom","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 102853"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102850
Khrystyna Shchubelka , Walter Wolfsberger , Taras Oleksyk
{"title":"P006: Genetic insights from a large-scale exome sequencing study of type 1 diabetes in Ukraine","authors":"Khrystyna Shchubelka , Walter Wolfsberger , Taras Oleksyk","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102850","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 102850"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102884
Yi Xiao , Michael Wakefield , Mari Gabra , Edward Leung
{"title":"P040: Development and validation of a quantitative ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight (UPLC-QTof) method for urine organic acid analysis","authors":"Yi Xiao , Michael Wakefield , Mari Gabra , Edward Leung","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 102884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102887
{"title":"P043: Withdrawn","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gimo.2025.102887","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100576,"journal":{"name":"Genetics in Medicine Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 102887"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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