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Forging trust in AI-assisted disease diagnosis 打造人工智能辅助疾病诊断的信任

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.011

Yangzhihao Zhang , Mengjie Fang , Xin Feng , Xu-Yao Zhang , Xuebin Xie , Di Dong

引用次数: 0

The terra incognita in microbiology for artificial intelligence and where to go next 人工智能微生物学的未知领域和下一步的发展方向

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.06.002

Siqi Guo , Jun Wang

引用次数: 0

Enabling manufacture and access to advanced therapy medicinal products in low- and middle-income countries 使低收入和中等收入国家能够生产和获得先进治疗药品

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.07.001

Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho , Camile Giaretta Sachetti , Marco Aurélio Krieger

引用次数: 0

Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals mechanism of phosphodiesterase inhibitor in neonatal mouse infection-associated liver injury treatment 单细胞转录组分析揭示磷酸二酯酶抑制剂在新生小鼠感染相关肝损伤治疗中的作用机制

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.04.002

Xixi Chen , Yanhui Xu , Huifang Ren , Xiaolei Wang , Andrew M. Lew , Yuxia Zhang , Zhe Wen

Virus-induced neonatal liver failure remains a critical health challenge with poorly understood mechanisms. This study employed a comprehensive approach to investigate the pathological role of phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) in rotavirus-associated liver injury. In this study, we utilized a mouse model of virus-induced liver injury model through the intraperitoneal injection of rhesus rotavirus (RRV) into newborn BALB/c mice, and applied dipyridamole as treatment strategy. We performed single cell sequencing and high-resolution immune landscape exploration on liver samples (n = 3 per group) from control (50 μL phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]), RRV-infected mice (50 μL PBS with 1.5 × 10⁶ plaque-forming units of RRV on the first day), and dipyridamole-treated mice (RRV-injected mice with 2.5 mg/kg/day dipyridamole for 12 days). We showed that dipyridamole-mediated inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs) restored the differentiation trajectory of neutrophils by suppressing their activation and promoting clearance. In addition, dipyridamole suppressed the activation of autoreactive B cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes, which collectively ameliorated liver pathology and improved neonatal survival following RRV infection. In summary, we demonstrated that inhibition of phosphodiesterase signaling alleviates liver failure in murine models of neonatal rotavirus infection, thereby revealing a candidate strategy to treat rotavirus-associated diseases in neonates.

病毒诱导的新生儿肝功能衰竭仍然是一个严重的健康挑战，其机制尚不清楚。本研究采用综合方法探讨磷酸二酯酶4B （PDE4B）在轮状病毒相关肝损伤中的病理作用。本研究采用新生BALB/c小鼠腹腔注射恒河轮状病毒（RRV）建立病毒性肝损伤小鼠模型，并应用双嘧达莫作为治疗策略。我们对对照组（50 μL磷酸盐缓冲盐水[PBS]）、RRV感染小鼠（50 μL PBS第一天含有1.5 × 106个RRV斑块形成单位）和双嘧达莫治疗小鼠（RRV注射2.5 mg/kg/天双嘧达莫12天）的肝脏样本（每组n = 3）进行了单细胞测序和高分辨率免疫景观探索。我们发现，双嘧达莫介导的磷酸二酯酶（PDEs）抑制通过抑制中性粒细胞的激活和促进清除来恢复中性粒细胞的分化轨迹。此外，双嘧达莫抑制自身反应性B细胞和细胞毒性淋巴细胞的活化，共同改善肝脏病理，提高RRV感染后的新生儿存活率。总之，我们证明了抑制磷酸二酯酶信号可以减轻新生儿轮状病毒感染小鼠模型中的肝衰竭，从而揭示了治疗新生儿轮状病毒相关疾病的候选策略。

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引用次数: 0

Interactions between microbiota and innate immunity in tumor microenvironment: Novel insights into cancer progression and immunotherapy 肿瘤微环境中微生物群和先天免疫之间的相互作用：癌症进展和免疫治疗的新见解

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.008

Zhaokai Zhou , Yingying Lv , Anning Zuo , Xudong Zhu , Yudi Xu , Lulu Zuo , Hui Xu , Shutong Liu , Yuyuan Zhang , Siyuan Weng , Yuhao Ba , Peng Luo , Quan Cheng , Jiaxin Xu , Xing Zhou , Shuang Chen , Boxuan Li , Chuhan Zhang , Yukang Chen , Jinhai Deng , Xinwei Han

Human microbiota constitute a complex and dynamic community that interacts with the innate immunity of the host at various anatomical sites, influencing both physiological and pathological states. In individuals with a genetic predisposition, disruptions to the “innate immunity‒microbiota” axis appear to rewire immune responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby driving cancer pathogenesis. This review summarizes the intricate crosstalk between the microbiota and innate immunity in both healthy and cancerous states, focusing on the modulation of immune recognition and polarization during tumor progression, including immune escape, barrier disruption, chronic inflammatory transformation, and angiogenesis in the initiation phase, as well as the regulation of local invasion, vascular invasion, and pre-metastatic ecological niche formation involved in the metastatic phase. This review also highlights recent advances and challenges in leveraging microbiota for cancer immunotherapy, covering innovations in bacteriophages, genetically engineered probiotics, and bioinformatic applications. Moreover, this review proposes potential approaches to enhance therapeutic efficacy by targeting innate immunity‒microbiota interactions. Further mechanistic insights into these interactions may pave the way for developing innovative microbiota-based cancer immunotherapies.

人体微生物群构成了一个复杂而动态的群落，在不同的解剖部位与宿主的先天免疫相互作用，影响生理和病理状态。在具有遗传易感性的个体中，对“先天免疫-微生物群”轴的破坏似乎会在肿瘤微环境（TME）内重新连接免疫反应，从而驱动癌症的发病机制。本文综述了健康和癌变状态下微生物群与先天免疫之间错综复杂的相互作用，重点关注肿瘤进展过程中免疫识别和极化的调节，包括初始阶段的免疫逃逸、屏障破坏、慢性炎症转化和血管生成，以及转移期参与的局部侵袭、血管侵袭和转移前生态位形成的调节。这篇综述还强调了利用微生物群进行癌症免疫治疗的最新进展和挑战，包括噬菌体、基因工程益生菌和生物信息学应用方面的创新。此外，本综述提出了通过靶向先天免疫-微生物群相互作用来提高治疗效果的潜在方法。进一步了解这些相互作用的机制可能为开发创新的基于微生物群的癌症免疫疗法铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

The promise of synthetic bacteria in cancer immunotherapy: Revitalizing tumor immunity via IL-10R modulation 合成细菌在癌症免疫治疗中的应用前景：通过IL-10R调节激活肿瘤免疫

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.013

Jiahe Li , Allen P. Liu

引用次数: 0

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 index from a single strain enhances rapid parallel evolution during persistent infection 单一菌株耐碳青霉烯肺炎克雷伯菌ST11指数增强了持续感染期间的快速平行进化

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.04.007

Liqiang Li , Zhaofang Jiang , Xingwei Wang , Si Yang, Fei Li, Yanyu Xiao, Jiuxin Qu

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the multifaceted roles of ISG15 and ISGylation in copper metabolism and cuproptosis 揭示ISG15和isg酰化在铜代谢和铜沉积中的多方面作用

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.003

Junqi Xu , Qiao Zhang , Ismail Mohamed Suleiman , Jianping Xie

引用次数: 0

Structural insights from the bacterial world: Coordination of transcription–translation coupling and transcription termination in archaea 来自细菌世界的结构见解：古生菌中转录-翻译耦合和转录终止的协调

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.007

Ruoxuan Li , Vadim Molodtsov , Chengyuan Wang

引用次数: 0

Convergence of carbapenem resistance and hypervirulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae: An emerging public health threat 肺炎克雷伯菌碳青霉烯耐药和高毒力的趋同：一个新出现的公共卫生威胁

hLife

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.05.006

Jianping Jiang , Jianfeng Zhang , Zhewei Sun , Liang Chen , Minggui Wang

引用次数: 0

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