Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3542242
{"title":"IEEE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY SOCIETY","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3542242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3542242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10903140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3539074
Summary form only: Abstracts of articles presented in this issue of the publication.
{"title":"Synopsis of the March 2025 Issue of the IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3539074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3539074","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only: Abstracts of articles presented in this issue of the publication.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"2-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10902335","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3532537
Konstantinos M. Gektidis;Thomas Tsovilis
This letter examines the current-sharing behavior of a single-cell lithium iron phosphate (${mathrm { LiFePO}}_{4}$ ) battery connected in parallel with a zinc-aluminum varistor, aimed at protecting against fast-front impulse currents. Through experimental data analysis and ATP-EMTP simulations, the study explores the transient behavior of the protective varistor stack and the cylindrical ${mathrm { LiFePO}}_{4}$ battery under surge events. Key factors considered include the determination of charge transferred to both the varistor and the battery as well as the voltage across their terminals. The findings highlight the challenges associated with surge protection against fast-front transients that threaten the reliability and lifespan of modern energy storage systems, particularly in safeguarding against lightning strikes and electromagnetic pulses.
{"title":"The Challenge of Surge Protection for LiFePO4 Batteries Using Varistors","authors":"Konstantinos M. Gektidis;Thomas Tsovilis","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3532537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2025.3532537","url":null,"abstract":"This letter examines the current-sharing behavior of a single-cell lithium iron phosphate (<inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { LiFePO}}_{4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) battery connected in parallel with a zinc-aluminum varistor, aimed at protecting against fast-front impulse currents. Through experimental data analysis and ATP-EMTP simulations, the study explores the transient behavior of the protective varistor stack and the cylindrical <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { LiFePO}}_{4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> battery under surge events. Key factors considered include the determination of charge transferred to both the varistor and the battery as well as the voltage across their terminals. The findings highlight the challenges associated with surge protection against fast-front transients that threaten the reliability and lifespan of modern energy storage systems, particularly in safeguarding against lightning strikes and electromagnetic pulses.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10848368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3521176
{"title":"2024 Index IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications Vol. 6","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3521176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3521176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"6 4","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10812692","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3507592
Summary form only: Abstracts of articles presented in this issue of the publication.
仅以摘要形式提供：本刊发表的文章摘要。
{"title":"Synopsis of the December 2024 Issue of the IEEE Letters on EMC Practice and Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3507592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3507592","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only: Abstracts of articles presented in this issue of the publication.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"6 4","pages":"119-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10807081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3508412
{"title":"IEEE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY SOCIETY","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3508412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3508412","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"6 4","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10807078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3506240
Frank Sabath
{"title":"Editorial Message From the Editor-in-Chief","authors":"Frank Sabath","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3506240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3506240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"6 4","pages":"118-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10807082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-17DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3519349
Devraj Gangwar;Jagannath Malik;Amalendu Patnaik
To reduce the electromagnetic interference (EMI) effects in a highly integrated vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system, a harmonic-suppressed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed in the dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) band of the 5.85–5.925-GHz range. The unit element of the MIMO is a circular patch antenna fed in a gap-coupled manner via a pair of $lambda $ g/4 resonators. Widely used polarization diversity and defected ground structure (DGS) concepts are used for a 4-port antenna system to have improved isolation between individual antennas and hence better MIMO performance in addition to the unique harmonic suppression property. As the number of V2X-compliant vehicles on the road continues to increase, the proposed MIMO antenna is expected to help mitigate EMI in heavy traffic areas with numerous IoT devices.
{"title":"Harmonic Suppressed MIMO Antenna for Highly Integrated V2X Communication System","authors":"Devraj Gangwar;Jagannath Malik;Amalendu Patnaik","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3519349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3519349","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce the electromagnetic interference (EMI) effects in a highly integrated vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system, a harmonic-suppressed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed in the dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) band of the 5.85–5.925-GHz range. The unit element of the MIMO is a circular patch antenna fed in a gap-coupled manner via a pair of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>g/4 resonators. Widely used polarization diversity and defected ground structure (DGS) concepts are used for a 4-port antenna system to have improved isolation between individual antennas and hence better MIMO performance in addition to the unique harmonic suppression property. As the number of V2X-compliant vehicles on the road continues to increase, the proposed MIMO antenna is expected to help mitigate EMI in heavy traffic areas with numerous IoT devices.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3506855
Vasiliki Gkatsi;Bärbel van den Berg;Robert Vogt-Ardatjew;Frank Leferink
Complying with the harmonized standards, that is, the principally applied rule-based electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) approach, does not always ensure EMC in practice. It is also just a presumption of conformity with the Essential Requirements, as stated in the European Directive for EMC. There is a need for a robust and durable methodology that accounts for factors which are not covered by current EMC standards: the risk-based EMC approach. The term “risk-based EMC” along with the associated terminology is commonly interpreted differently by manufacturers, technicians, and users. This letter clarifies this often misused terminology. First, a comparison between the so-far implemented rule-based EMC approach and the up-and-coming risk-based EMC approach is made. Then, the application of risk-based EMC via a risk management-based methodology is proposed. The goal of this research is to provide an overview on the need of risk-based EMC, list the so-far used (or misused) terminology, and create a common platform of risk management-based methodology, which will act as a guidance tool for EMC engineers when it comes to clear and consistent communication and application of EMC engineering.
{"title":"Accurate Terminology and Uniform Methodology for Risk-Based EMC Engineering","authors":"Vasiliki Gkatsi;Bärbel van den Berg;Robert Vogt-Ardatjew;Frank Leferink","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3506855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3506855","url":null,"abstract":"Complying with the harmonized standards, that is, the principally applied rule-based electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) approach, does not always ensure EMC in practice. It is also just a presumption of conformity with the Essential Requirements, as stated in the European Directive for EMC. There is a need for a robust and durable methodology that accounts for factors which are not covered by current EMC standards: the risk-based EMC approach. The term “risk-based EMC” along with the associated terminology is commonly interpreted differently by manufacturers, technicians, and users. This letter clarifies this often misused terminology. First, a comparison between the so-far implemented rule-based EMC approach and the up-and-coming risk-based EMC approach is made. Then, the application of risk-based EMC via a risk management-based methodology is proposed. The goal of this research is to provide an overview on the need of risk-based EMC, list the so-far used (or misused) terminology, and create a common platform of risk management-based methodology, which will act as a guidance tool for EMC engineers when it comes to clear and consistent communication and application of EMC engineering.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"5-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10768197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This letter presents a study on the limitations of Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) for symbol detection in digital communication systems. Although GMMs have proven to be adequate for symbol detection at medium signal-to-interference ratios, the results of this study reveal a critical flaw in the conventional assumption that Gaussian models can accurately represent the received symbol distributions under all circumstances in harsh environments. This statistical approach proves to be inadequate at high levels of electromagnetic (EM) interference, resulting in an inability to accurately differentiate between symbols. The methodology is tested in a triple modular redundant system subjected to reverberant EM disturbances, with diverse PAM-4 as an encoding technique.
{"title":"Limitations of Gaussian Mixture Models for Symbol Detection in Harsh Electromagnetic Environments","authors":"Miriam Gonzalez-Atienza;Dries Vanoost;Mathias Verbeke;Davy Pissoort","doi":"10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3504712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEMCPA.2024.3504712","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a study on the limitations of Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) for symbol detection in digital communication systems. Although GMMs have proven to be adequate for symbol detection at medium signal-to-interference ratios, the results of this study reveal a critical flaw in the conventional assumption that Gaussian models can accurately represent the received symbol distributions under all circumstances in harsh environments. This statistical approach proves to be inadequate at high levels of electromagnetic (EM) interference, resulting in an inability to accurately differentiate between symbols. The methodology is tested in a triple modular redundant system subjected to reverberant EM disturbances, with diverse PAM-4 as an encoding technique.","PeriodicalId":100625,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"14-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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