Journal of China University of Geosciences最新文献

The study of spatial and temporal covariances of glaciers and lakes would help us to understand the impact of climate change within a basin in Tibet. This study focuses on glacier and lake variations in the Mapam Yumco basin (covering 7 786.44 km²) by integrating series of spatial data from topographic maps and digital satellite images at four different times: 1974, 1990, 1999, and 2003. The results indicate that: (1) decreased lakes, retreated glaciers, enlarged lakes and advanced glaciers co-exist in the basin during the last 30 years; (2) glacier recession was accelerated in recent years due to the warmer climate; (3) lake areas in the basin are both reduced and enlarged by an accelerated speed with more water supplies from speeding melt glaciers or frozen ground in the last three decades.

Seismic information and balanced profile technology were used to reveal the influence of the salt bed in segmentation of structure and hydrocarbon accumulation in Qiulitag structural belt in Tarim basin. From west to east, the shortening of strata above the salt beds gradually decreases, while, the shortening below the salt beds gradually increases, which shows that the segmentation of structure integrated the seismic profile. There is great difference of the deformation of strata below and above the salt beds between the west segment and the east segment. The analysis of the distribution of oil/gas fields and the hydrocarbon properties indicates the similar segmentation to the structure segmentation. The salt beds in relatively shallow layers change the stress condition from basement of Kuqa foreland basin, which leads to the segmentation of Qiulitag structural belt. Because the salt beds in the west segment came into being earlier than those in the east segment, the west segment captures hydrocarbon from two sets of source rock, while the east segment can only capture hydrocarbons from one set of source rock. So, the salt beds play an important role in the segmentation of structure and hydrocarbon accumulation.

Floating tephra was deposited together with ice core, snow layer, abyssal sediment, lake sediments, and other geological records. It is of great significance to interpret the impact on the climate change of volcanic eruptions from these geological records. It is the first time that volcanic glass was discovered from the peat of Jinchuan Maar, Jilin Province, China. And it is in situ sediments from a near-source explosive eruption according to particle size analysis and identification results. The tephra were neither from Tianchi volcano eruptions, Changbai Mountain, nor from Jinlongdingzi volcano about 1 600 aBP eruption, but maybe from an unknown eruption of Longgang volcano group according to their geochemistry and distribution. Geochemical characters of the tephra are similar to those of Jinglongdingzi, which are poor in silica, deficient in alkali, Na₂O content is more than K₂O content, and are similar to distribution patterns of REE and incompatible elements, which helps to speculate that they originated from the same mantle magma with rare condemnation, and from basaltic explosive eruption of Longgang volcano group. The tephra, from peat with age proved that the eruption possibly happened in 15 BC–26 AD, is one of Longgang volcano group eruption that was not recorded and is earlier than that of Jinglongdingzi about 1 600 aBP eruption. And the sedimentary time of tephra is during the period of low temperature alteration, which may be the influence of eruption toward the local climate according to the correlativity of eruption to local temperature curve of peat cellulose oxygen isotope.