Journal of Medical Hypotheses and Ideas最新文献

The approach of current modern medicine towards human body system is solely molecular and cellular. Despite the great efforts, current medicine has not been successful enough, and spectrum of disorders has remained untreated. It emphasizes on the essential need for more careful approach to the body system. Prior to the molecules and cells human body system has been composed of countless of atomic and subatomic particles, considering laws of quantum physics and the principles of chemistry the energy levels of energy photons of these particles play the most crucial role in designing human body characteristics and conformations.In this hypothesis paper, we outline the novel approach towards human body system and concluded that exposing a form of energy to the energy photons of the subatomic particles in one of the molecules of oxygen bound to phosphor in phosphate group would be beneficial therapeutic method regarding all types of cancers, refuting concerns of variety of gene mutations and signaling cascades engaged with engendering and progression of various types of cancers.

Homonymous hemianopsia is a type of cortical blindness in which vision is lost completely or partially in the left half or the right half of the field of vision. It is prevalent in approximately 12% of traumatic brain injury and 35% of strokes. Patients often experience difficulty with activities such as ambulating, eating, reading, and driving. Due to the high prevalence of homonymous hemianopsia and its associated difficulties, it is imperative to find methods for visual rehabilitation in this condition. Traditional methods such as prism glasses can cause visual confusion and result in patient noncompliance. There is a large unmet medical need for improving this condition. In this article, we propose that modifying visual stimuli to activate non-cortical areas of visual processing, such as lateral geniculate nucleus and superior colliculus, may result in increased visual awareness. Presenting high contrast and low spatial frequency visual stimuli can increase visual detection in patients with cortical blindness, a phenomenon known as blindsight. Augmented virtual reality goggles have the potential to alter real-time visual input to high contrast and low spatial frequency images, possibly improving visual detection in the blind hemifield and providing an alternative therapy for homonymous hemianopsia.

Treatment of Kienbock disease (the avascular necrosis of the lunate) is a matter of debate. Current surgical modalities have their limitations and potential complications. Those modalities are also not based on pathophysiology of the disease. Here we introduce a novel therapeutic option by combining the autologous mesenchymal stem cell injection and the core decompression procedure in the treatment of Kienbock disease. We hypothesized that micro-drilling of the lunate removes the necrotic tissue and induces new bone formation while injection of mesenchymal stem cell provides a poll of multi-potent cells to replace the dead bone. This new treatment modality would provide synergistic effects of the two therapeutic options beside lower potential complications while eliminating the need for current surgical operations.

Chronic alcoholism is a public health issue, and several theoretical frameworks have been proposed to explain its nature. The developmental approach to chronic alcoholism has a double contour, with neurobiological theories counting on several aspects of the deleterious effects exerted from ethanol over neural structures. Psychological and neurobiological theories are not intrinsically contradictory to each other. The importance of early experiences and the potential sensory clues leading to ethanol-self administration are integral parts of the developmental neurobiology of an alcoholic. The developmental theories need to consider any further the accumulative and deleterious effects of ethanol during the nervous system maturation.

Endothelial dysfunction is a broad pathological disorder of the endothelium (innermost layer of blood vessels) which is assigned by vasoconstriction, thrombosis and ischemic diseases, alone or with other disorders such as coronary artery disease, hypertension and atherosclerosis. The fundamental imperfection of endothelial layer injury due to decrease in the number of functional endothelial progenitor cells and inhibition of endothelial progenitor cell differentiation, resulting into impairment of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, tube formation properties and endothelial regeneration. Multiple significant therapeutic achievements in impediment and treatment of vascular diseases include the use of antithrombotic agents, statin class of drugs, lifestyle changes, and revascularization therapies. Nevertheless, a certain number of patients with endothelial dysfunction disease are resistant to the usual therapies, so new therapeutic strategies for endothelial dysfunction disease are urgently needed. Recent studies show that stem cell-based therapy has important promise for repair and treatment of vascular dysfunction. In this study, we describe a novel choice for treatment of endothelial dysfunction in vascular regenerative medicine via the human endometrial stem cell culture (as a new source for the increasing the number of endothelial progenitor cells) with bioglass (angiogenic agent) to investigate the enhancing expression of CD34, CD31 and gene markers of endothelial progenitor cells and endothelial cells. In the end, application of immuno-privileged, readily available sources of adult stem cells like human endometrial stem cells with bioglass would be a promising strategy to increase the number of endothelial progenitor cells and promote spontaneous angiogenesis needed in endothelial layer repair and regeneration.

Reprogramming of adult somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has attracted considerable attention in both the scientific and public communities. This is due to the importance of iPSCs in drug screening, disease modeling, cell transplantation therapies and regenerative medicine. A lot of efforts have been devoted to the generation of iPSCs with fewer reprogramming factors and with higher efficiencies. It has been shown that removal of reprogramming barriers increases the efficiency of iPSC generation from differentiated cells up to 90%. Interestingly, having relatively fast cell cycle kinetics, plasticity and endogenous expression of particular pluripotency regulators make adult stem/progenitor cells potentially elite cells poised to become iPSCs. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that adult stem/progenitor cells are more amenable to pluripotent reprogramming than mature cells. Accordingly, it is hypothesized that certain adult stem cells could be reprogrammed into iPSCs without overexpression of exogenous pluripotency transcription factors by only combinatorial modulation of barriers and enhancers and relying on the endogenous expression of key reprogramming factors (e.g. Oct4, Sox2, etc.).

Even though increasing knowledge is emerging about synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome its pathogenesis remains enigmatic. Women are preferentially affected by SAPHO syndrome. Here we present the case of a 39-year-old woman suffering from this syndrome whose bone involvement was first interpreted as diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible. As treatment with clindamycin did not improve the symptoms, the decision was made to administer bisphosphonates intravenously. This treatment led to a rapid improvement in symptoms, which could be explained by the apparent tendency of bisphosphonates to exert a positive effect on the jaw. With this case report we attempt to offer an explanation for the influence of this group of medications on patients suffering from SAPHO syndrome with mandibular involvement.

GERD, return of stomach contents into the esophagus, is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in medicine. Its common symptoms are heartburn and acid reflux. Usually, patients with GERD history develop clinical signs such as heartburn accompanied by functional constipation. Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor (PPIs), is a drug of choice for GERD but all patients do not respond to the drug and long-term use of these drugs leads to infections. According to the same physiopathology mechanisms of chronic constipation and GERD, improvement of functional constipation may be effective in relieving symptoms of GERD. According to the effectiveness of psyllium seeds in chronic constipation symptoms, it is predicted to be effective in treating GERD in patients with chronic constipation.