Journal of Safety and Sustainability最新文献

Predicting seismic sustainability for a complex CHESST interaction by AHP using LWST 基于LWST的层次分析法预测复杂CHESST相互作用的地震可持续性

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.07.001

Foisal Haque

Underground and over-ground structures are affected by the external forces (tsunami, earthquake, storm, etc.) that are directly related to the environment and change in climate. For this reason, a complex climate-human-environment-structure-soil-tunnel (GHESST) interaction model is proposed in this research which is categorized based on the structure types (building, bridge, elevated, road/rail way). The best CHESST interaction model is selected based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) by using logical weightage selection technique (LWST). The LWST depends on the proposed modified logical scale. The logical weightage matrices are prepared for the three criteria (environment and climate, social, and economic), three sub-criteria under each criteria, and goal (selection of best CHESST interaction model). The weightage selection technique is validated based on the acceptable rate of decision change sensitivity. The elevated (alternative of the CHESST interaction model) shows the maximum value of seismic sustainability index (SSI) among all alternatives based on the AHP results. Also, the maximum fluctuation rate of strain is found for the elevated structure of the CHESST interaction model from the shake table test results. The most seismic sustainable CHESST interaction model is elevated expressway according to the SSI because of showing highest priority of 0.368. However, there is a scope to enhance this research in future by considering more alternatives, criteria, sub-criteria, etc.

地下和地上结构受到与环境和气候变化直接相关的外力（海啸、地震、风暴等）的影响。基于此，本文提出了一个基于结构类型（建筑、桥梁、高架、公路/铁路）的复杂气候-人-环境-结构-土壤-隧道（GHESST）相互作用模型。基于层次分析法（AHP），利用逻辑权重选择技术（LWST）选择最佳的chess交互模型。LWST取决于建议修改的逻辑标度。为三个标准（环境和气候、社会和经济）、每个标准下的三个子标准和目标（选择最佳chess交互模型）准备了逻辑权重矩阵。基于决策变化敏感性的可接受率对权重选择技术进行了验证。基于AHP结果，CHESST相互作用模型的高架方案在所有方案中具有最大的地震可持续性指数（SSI）。振动台试验结果表明，在CHESST相互作用模型的高架结构中，应变波动率最大。根据SSI，高架高速公路是最具地震可持续性的CHESST相互作用模型，其优先级最高，为0.368。然而，通过考虑更多的替代方案、标准、子标准等，未来还可以加强这项研究。

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引用次数: 0

Process deviations, early sensemaking, and enabling operators: Thinking beyond the traditional alarm-based practice to enhance industrial resilience 流程偏差、早期感知和操作人员：超越传统的基于警报的实践，增强工业弹性

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.09.002

Mohammad Bakhshandeh , Jayantha P. Liyanage , Bjarne Andre Asheim , Lu Li

In the dynamic landscape of modern industrial systems, there is an emerging important need for new thinking and practice to facilitate risk-informed decision-making, especially in high-risk industrial sectors. Such novel solutions should enable operators to proactively counteract and prevent unwanted events and incidents. Efforts to harness and convert relevant data to meaningful information with unique meanings, in fact represents new opportunities to create relevant knowledge of the actual context. This research examines this through early sensemaking of process deviations, facilitating a seamless integration of information towards context-sensitive decision-making processes. Two industrial approaches are discussed: a conventional alarm-based practice, as well as an enhanced approach. The research underscores the application of such techniques through two industrial cases, aiming at fostering enhanced resilience, reliability, and safety within high-risk industrial settings.

在现代工业系统的动态环境中，迫切需要新的思维和实践来促进风险知情决策，特别是在高风险工业部门。这种新颖的解决方案将使作业者能够主动应对和防止不必要的事件和事故。利用相关数据并将其转化为具有独特含义的有意义信息的努力，实际上代表了创造实际上下文相关知识的新机会。本研究通过对过程偏差的早期理解来检验这一点，促进了对上下文敏感的决策过程的信息无缝集成。讨论了两种工业方法：一种传统的基于警报的做法，以及一种增强的方法。该研究通过两个工业案例强调了这些技术的应用，旨在提高高风险工业环境中的弹性、可靠性和安全性。

引用次数: 0

A multi-criteria decision-making approach for prioritizing factors influencing healthcare workers' safety performance: A case of a women's hospital 影响医护人员安全绩效的因素优先排序的多标准决策方法：以一家妇女医院为例

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.09.005

L. Omidi , Gh. Moradi , V. Salehi , M. Khosravifar

This study was designed to examine the influence of organizational and individual-level factors on the safety performance of healthcare workers at a women's hospital. Healthcare workers in different occupational groups enrolled in the current study. A questionnaire was used for data collection, and the data were analyzed using an integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach. The entropy method was applied to prioritize influential factors, including safety climate, perceived organizational support for safety, perceived supervisor support for safety, safety voice, organizational resilience, and individual resilience, and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) was employed to rank the alternatives (healthcare workers in different occupational groups). The finding of the entropy method illustrated that perceived organizational support for safety and organizational resilience had the highest influence on healthcare workers' safety performance. The other most influential factor was individual resilience. Regarding safety performance components, safety compliance was more important than safety participation. TOPSIS results suggested that radiologists, nurses, and midwives experienced higher safety performance levels than the other occupational groups in the study women's hospital. The findings of this study demonstrated that organizational and individual-level factors such as safety climate, perceived organizational and supervisor support for safety, and resilience-related factors significantly influence healthcare workers' safety performance, and compliance with safety rules and procedures is essential to achieve better safety performance.

本研究旨在探讨组织和个人层面的因素对妇女医院医护人员安全绩效的影响。本研究纳入了不同职业群体的医护人员。采用问卷调查收集数据，采用综合多准则决策（MCDM）方法对数据进行分析。采用熵值法对安全气候、感知组织对安全的支持、感知主管对安全的支持、安全声音、组织弹性和个体弹性等影响因素进行排序，并采用理想解决方案相似性排序偏好技术（TOPSIS）对备选方案（不同职业群体的医护人员）进行排序。熵值法发现，组织安全支持感和组织弹性对医护人员安全绩效的影响最大。另一个最具影响力的因素是个体适应力。就安全性能组成部分而言，安全合规比安全参与更重要。TOPSIS结果表明，在研究的妇女医院中，放射科医生、护士和助产士的安全表现水平高于其他职业群体。本研究结果表明，组织和个人层面的因素，如安全气候、感知到的组织和主管对安全的支持，以及与弹性相关的因素，显著影响医护人员的安全绩效，遵守安全规则和程序是实现更好的安全绩效的必要条件。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a rating model for assessing the condition of steel railway bridges 钢轨桥梁状态评定模型的建立

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.09.001

NKNM Nakkawita, BHJ Pushpakumara

Steel railway bridges play a crucial role in global transportation networks, yet their operational lifespan is often compromised by factors such as corrosion, aging, exposure conditions, and environmental challenges. Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems are widely employed to extend the longevity of these bridges. However, existing SHM models typically have limitations, as they tend to focus on a limited set of parameters, and their reliance on qualitative definitions introduces subjectivity into the evaluation process. To address these shortcomings, this research aims to develop an innovative priority weight-based condition rating model. Casual factors (CF), laboratory and non-destructive tests (NDT), visual inspection (VI), environmental conditions (EC), and type of element (TOE), were identified as main parameters to the condition assessment. Then, the research gathered opinions from 100 experts to establish the importance of these parameters. By averaging expert opinions and ensuring a high level of consistency (i.e. below 10%), the study aimed to minimize subjectivity. Numerical definitions were introduced to the model to enhance objectivity. The fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was employed to calculate appropriate weightings for the identified parameters, resulting in a comprehensive equation that encapsulates the main factors influencing the condition of steel railway bridges. To validate the developed rating model, a case study was conducted, analyzing seventeen railway bridges located in various regions of Sri Lanka. Notably, the model takes into account physical, geographical, and environmental conditions, making it applicable to diverse locations worldwide. This innovative approach contributes to the enhancement of steel railway bridge maintenance strategies, promoting their sustained and reliable operation on a global scale.

钢铁路桥在全球运输网络中发挥着至关重要的作用，但其使用寿命往往受到腐蚀、老化、暴露条件和环境挑战等因素的影响。结构健康监测（SHM）系统被广泛用于延长这些桥梁的寿命。然而，现有的SHM模型通常具有局限性，因为它们倾向于关注有限的一组参数，并且它们对定性定义的依赖在评价过程中引入了主观性。针对这些不足，本研究旨在建立一种创新的基于优先级权重的条件评定模型。随机因素（CF）、实验室和无损检测（NDT）、目视检查（VI）、环境条件（EC）和元素类型（TOE）被确定为条件评估的主要参数。然后，研究收集了100位专家的意见，以确定这些参数的重要性。通过平均专家意见并确保高水平的一致性（即低于10%），该研究旨在最大限度地减少主观性。在模型中引入数值定义以增强客观性。采用模糊层次分析法（FAHP）对识别出的参数进行适当的权重计算，得到一个综合方程，概括了影响钢轨桥梁状态的主要因素。为了验证开发的评级模型，进行了一个案例研究，分析了位于斯里兰卡不同地区的17座铁路桥。值得注意的是，该模型考虑了自然、地理和环境条件，使其适用于全球不同地区。这种创新的方法有助于提高钢铁铁路桥梁的维护策略，促进其在全球范围内的持续可靠运行。

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引用次数: 0

A system dynamics approach to plan strategy for managing factors influencing safety hazards on construction sites in developing countries 发展中国家建筑工地安全隐患管理因素规划策略的系统动力学方法

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.09.003

Syed Muhammad Taimur Shah , Asmat Ullah

In order to improve site performance, this research paper seeks to identify safety-related risks related to construction workers on construction sites and to design a system dynamics model to handle the complexities of these hazards. The study uses causal loop diagrams (CLDs) to show how different elements that contribute to safety concerns are related to one another. The system dynamics (SD) model was built with the help of the five reinforcing and two balancing loops that the CLD analysis revealed. “Lack of managerial interest”, “Unforeseen circumstances”, “Lack of personal protective equipment”, “Knowledge regarding appropriate hazards”, and “Innovative technologies on safety measures” are the five main stocks that make up the SD model. The results show that two important factors impacting safety dangers are the sluggish adoption of innovative safety technologies and the lack of personal protective equipment. This study offers construction companies a methodology for quickly and effectively identifying and addressing safety issues.

为了提高工地绩效，本研究旨在识别建筑工地上建筑工人的安全相关风险，并设计一个系统动力学模型来处理这些危险的复杂性。该研究使用因果循环图（CLDs）来显示导致安全问题的不同因素如何相互关联。利用CLD分析揭示的5个强化回路和2个平衡回路，建立了系统动力学模型。“缺乏管理兴趣”、“不可预见的情况”、“缺乏个人防护装备”、“关于适当危险的知识”和“安全措施方面的创新技术”是构成可持续发展模式的五个主要库存。结果表明，影响安全隐患的两个重要因素是创新安全技术的采用滞后和个人防护装备的缺乏。本研究为建筑公司提供了一种快速有效地识别和解决安全问题的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial Board Member 编委会成员

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2949-9267(24)00036-2

引用次数: 0

Use of quantitative risk assessment to enhance the safety of ships using ammonia as fuel 运用定量风险评估提高以氨为燃料的船舶的安全性

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.09.004

Andrew Franks , Samie Parkar , Claus Rud Hansen

Efforts to decarbonise the shipping industry have led to the consideration of several alternative fuels, including ammonia. Safety concerns have been raised about the use of ammonia due to its toxicity. Quantitative risk assessment is applied to two vessel designs that use ammonia as fuel (a containership and a tanker). The effectiveness of risk reduction measures and the effect of design changes is studied. Risk criteria for use in this context are discussed and the results compared with those criteria. The method enables identification and evaluation of a risk reduction measure that is not currently mandated within the design requirements for such vessels. Following risk reduction, the individual risks were shown to be at a tolerable level and below the project criterion. The results of sensitivity analyses are also presented.

航运业脱碳的努力导致了对几种替代燃料的考虑，包括氨。由于氨的毒性，人们对氨的使用提出了安全问题。定量风险评估应用于两种以氨为燃料的船舶设计（集装箱船和油轮）。研究了降低风险措施的有效性和设计变更的效果。讨论了在这种情况下使用的风险标准，并将结果与这些标准进行了比较。该方法能够识别和评估风险降低措施，而这些措施目前在此类船舶的设计要求中没有强制要求。随着风险的降低，个体风险被显示在一个可容忍的水平，并且低于项目标准。给出了灵敏度分析的结果。

引用次数: 0

Fostering a safety culture in manufacturing through safety behavior: A structural equation modelling approach 通过安全行为培养制造业的安全文化：结构方程建模法

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.03.001

Creating a robust safety management system is crucial for fostering a culture of safety in the workplace, particularly in industries like manufacturing where improvements are still needed. This study aimed to assess the impact of safety behavior on safety culture within the manufacturing sector. Employing a quantitative approach, questionnaires were distributed to 342 employees in manufacturing firms during data collection. The collected data underwent analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) through IBM-SPSS-AMOS 24.0 to test the proposed model. The study findings revealed that components of safety behavior, specifically safety compliance and safety leadership, have a significant influence on safety culture. This implies that prioritizing safety behavior and culture is vital for occupational safety and health, aligning with guidelines set by responsible entities to ensure a secure work environment. The insights gained from this research can be instrumental in highlighting the importance of safety culture, the pivotal role of leadership, the complex nature of safety culture, and the potential for measuring and enhancing it. By understanding these implications, organizations can foster a safety-centric culture that not only protects employees but also enhances overall performance. Additionally, this research contributed to the existing literature by examining an integrated higher-order construct model using the SEM technique, predicting the model by 53 percent. The insights garnered from this study are applicable to various types of firms, emphasizing the integral role of safety culture in any organization.

建立健全的安全管理系统对于培养工作场所的安全文化至关重要，尤其是在制造业等仍需改进的行业。本研究旨在评估安全行为对制造业安全文化的影响。在数据收集过程中，采用定量方法向 342 名制造企业员工发放了调查问卷。收集到的数据通过 IBM-SPSS-AMOS 24.0 使用结构方程模型（SEM）进行分析，以检验提出的模型。研究结果表明，安全行为的组成部分，特别是安全合规性和安全领导力，对安全文化有重大影响。这意味着，优先考虑安全行为和安全文化对职业安全与健康至关重要，这与负责任的实体为确保安全工作环境而制定的指导方针相一致。从这项研究中获得的启示有助于强调安全文化的重要性、领导力的关键作用、安全文化的复杂性以及衡量和提升安全文化的潜力。通过了解这些影响，企业可以培养一种以安全为中心的文化，这种文化不仅能保护员工，还能提高整体绩效。此外，本研究还利用 SEM 技术对综合高阶建构模型进行了研究，预测了模型的 53%，为现有文献做出了贡献。本研究得出的见解适用于各种类型的公司，强调了安全文化在任何组织中不可或缺的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Estimating, appraising and establishing blast exclusion zone at Huni pit - A case study 哈尼矿坑爆破专属区的估算、评估和建立 - 案例研究

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.01.001

The issue of accidental flyrock has the tendency to develop safety concerns for commuters around the main public road as mining progressed from 960 m reduced level (RL) to 912 m RL at Huni pit in Ghana. An evaluation was carried out using empirical models and an artificial neural network to assess and determine the safest blast exclusion zone. The calculations showed that the flyrock could travel a maximum of 220 m and 277.45 m horizontally for blast hole diameters of 115 mm and 127 mm, respectively, with the same stemming length of 2.0 m. The distances to the public road are much farther than these projected maximum horizontal distances. An artificial neural network (ANN) was also employed to predict the flyrock distance and it was found that the ANN model has the best root mean squared error (RMSE) value of 0.0012 and the highest coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.99 for the flyrock throw prediction. Hence, the blast exclusion zone has been reduced to 500 m all around the pit from the pit crest satisfying the recommendation suggested by the Minerals Commission of Ghana. With the new blast exclusion zone, travelling from Damang through Akyempim to Twifo Praso, Takoradi, Cape Coast, and Accra during blasting times is no longer a bother.

在加纳的 Huni 矿坑，随着采矿工程从 960 米降低到 912 米，意外飞石问题有可能给主要公共道路周围的通勤者带来安全隐患。使用经验模型和人工神经网络进行了评估，以评估和确定最安全的爆炸禁区。计算结果表明，当爆破孔直径分别为 115 毫米和 127 毫米时，飞石在水平方向上的最大移动距离分别为 220 米和 277.45 米，茎杆长度同样为 2.0 米。与公共道路的距离远远大于这些预测的最大水平距离。此外，还采用了人工神经网络（ANN）来预测飞石距离，结果发现，人工神经网络模型在飞石抛掷预测方面的均方根误差（RMSE）值为 0.0012，决定系数（R2）值为 0.99，是最好的。因此，根据加纳矿产委员会的建议，矿坑周围从坑顶起 500 米范围内的爆炸禁区已被缩小。有了新的爆破禁区，在爆破期间从达芒经由阿基姆（Akyempim）到特威夫普拉索（Twifo Praso）、塔克拉迪（Takoradi）、海岸角（Cape Coast）和阿克拉（Accra）就不再是一件麻烦事了。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical strength change and coal damage analysis of frozen saturated bitumite after cryogenic freezing 低温冷冻后冷冻饱和沸石的机械强度变化和煤损伤分析

Journal of Safety and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsasus.2024.06.001

The changes in mechanical strength and damage analysis of bitumite under the action of liquid nitrogen (LN₂) freezing are critical issues that need to be addressed in the application of LN₂ in coal seam permeability enhancement. Using an mechanical testing & simulation (MTS) testing machine, strain gauges, and ultrasonic detection instruments, experiments were conducted to obtain stress–strain curves and ultrasonic time-domain images of coal samples after single freezing and cyclic freeze–thaw processes. These data were analyzed to understand the mechanical performance and internal fracture evolution of coal samples subjected to ultra-low temperatures of LN₂. The experimental results indicate that: (1) The uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of coal samples subjected to a single LN₂ freeze are positively correlated with the freezing time from 0 to 50 min, and negatively correlated with the freezing time from 50 to 180 min. (2) The uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of coal samples subjected to cyclic freezing and thawing with LN₂ decrease as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases. (3) The Poisson's ratio of coal samples subjected to single freezing and cyclic freezing-thawing is negatively correlated with the absolute freezing time. Additionally, the decrease in Poisson's ratio is greater in coal samples subjected to cyclic freezing-thawing compared to those subjected to single freezing. (4) As the absolute freezing time increases, the ultrasonic waveforms of the coal samples begin to become disordered, which is manifested by a decrease in amplitude and a delay in the arrival time of the first wave. Under ultra-low temperature conditions, LN₂ can deteriorate the mechanical properties of coal samples, with the degree of deterioration being greater under cyclic freezing-thawing than single freezing. This study can provide theoretical guidance for increasing the permeability of coal seams.

在液氮（LN2）冷冻作用下，沸石的机械强度变化和损伤分析是应用 LN2 提高煤层透气性需要解决的关键问题。实验使用机械测试与模拟（MTS）试验机、应变仪和超声波检测仪器，获得了煤样在单次冻结和循环冻融过程后的应力-应变曲线和超声波时域图像。通过对这些数据的分析，了解了煤样在 LN2 超低温条件下的机械性能和内部断裂演变情况。实验结果表明(1) 煤样经一次 LN2 冻结后的单轴抗压强度和弹性模量与 0 至 50 分钟的冻结时间呈正相关，与 50 至 180 分钟的冻结时间呈负相关。 (2) 煤样经 LN2 循环冻融后的单轴抗压强度和弹性模量随冻融循环次数的增加而降低。(3) 煤样的泊松比与绝对冻结时间呈负相关。(4) 随着绝对冻结时间的增加，煤样的超声波波形开始变得紊乱，表现为振幅减小和第一波到达时间延迟。在超低温条件下，LN2 会恶化煤样的机械性能，循环冻融比单次冻融的恶化程度更大。这项研究可为提高煤层透气性提供理论指导。

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引用次数: 0