Pharmacological Research - Reports最新文献

S-adenosyl-L-methionine modulates hippocampal DNA methylation, exerting fast and long-lasting anti-stress effects independent of alterations in TrkB-mTOR expression

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100032

Amanda J. Sales, Izaque S. Maciel, Francisco S. Guimarães

Emerging evidence suggests that targeting DNA methylation, a key epigenetic mechanism, may represent a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of stress-related disorders, including depression. Preclinical studies indicate that the inhibition of DNA methylation induces rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects through the increased BDNF-TrkB-mTOR signaling in the prefrontal cortex, a brain region associated to the neurobiology of depression and neuroplasticity. S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe), a methyl donor, has been shown to reverse depressive-like behaviors by modulating DNA methylation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the SAMe antidepressant effects are not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study evaluated whether SAMe induces rapid and long-lasting behavioral effects by modulating DNA methylation and mTOR-TrkB expression in mice. For this purpose, male Swiss mice received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of SAMe (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or vehicle (10 mL/kg), 30 minutes, 7 days, or 14 days prior to the forced swimming test (FST) or tail suspension test (TST), two predictive tests of antidepressant action. Global DNA methylation and mTOR-TrkB levels were measured in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. SAMe (50 mg/kg) induced a rapid and sustained decrease in immobility time in both the FST and TST, and prevented the stress-induced effects in hippocampal DNA methylation without changing the analyzed protein expression. These findings suggest that the rapid and sustained anti-stress effects observed in mice, resulting from the modulation of hippocampal DNA methylation due to acute SAMe treatment, are not related with TrkB-mTOR signaling.

{"title":"S-adenosyl-L-methionine modulates hippocampal DNA methylation, exerting fast and long-lasting anti-stress effects independent of alterations in TrkB-mTOR expression","authors":"Amanda J. Sales, Izaque S. Maciel, Francisco S. Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging evidence suggests that targeting DNA methylation, a key epigenetic mechanism, may represent a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of stress-related disorders, including depression. Preclinical studies indicate that the inhibition of DNA methylation induces rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects through the increased BDNF-TrkB-mTOR signaling in the prefrontal cortex, a brain region associated to the neurobiology of depression and neuroplasticity. S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe), a methyl donor, has been shown to reverse depressive-like behaviors by modulating DNA methylation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the SAMe antidepressant effects are not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study evaluated whether SAMe induces rapid and long-lasting behavioral effects by modulating DNA methylation and mTOR-TrkB expression in mice. For this purpose, male Swiss mice received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of SAMe (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or vehicle (10 mL/kg), 30 minutes, 7 days, or 14 days prior to the forced swimming test (FST) or tail suspension test (TST), two predictive tests of antidepressant action. Global DNA methylation and mTOR-TrkB levels were measured in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. SAMe (50 mg/kg) induced a rapid and sustained decrease in immobility time in both the FST and TST, and prevented the stress-induced effects in hippocampal DNA methylation without changing the analyzed protein expression. These findings suggest that the rapid and sustained anti-stress effects observed in mice, resulting from the modulation of hippocampal DNA methylation due to acute SAMe treatment, are not related with TrkB-mTOR signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design, and evaluation of in-silico anti-cancer activity of novel gefitinib analogues against 21 target proteins

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100030

Supriti Khan Ushna , Ananta Kumar Das

Over time, evidence suggests that numerous drugs have been discovered, and computer modelling, or the "In silico method", to understand how anti-cancer proteins interacted. Gefitinib, a quinazoline, inhibits the EGFR tyrosine kinase by attaching to its ATP-binding site. In order to find out how effective new gefitinib analogues are at targeting cancer, this study used molecular docking and ADMET analysis. In this study, the 21 anti-cancer target proteins were utilized to perform docking by using autodock tools. Twenty new analogues were created using ligand-based design, and frontier molecular orbital analysis revealed that the designed molecules are more reactive and softer. The majority of the designed molecules have higher binding affinities than gefitinib, according to the docking studies. Additionally, the analysis revealed that the compounds C-4, C-5, C-7, C-9, C-11, C-12, and C-14 have superior affinity to more than two targets. Docking experiments of the mutated target proteins with designed molecules demonstrate that many target proteins exhibit binding properties comparable to those of the unmutated proteins. According to the literature review on targets, these molecules may be helpful in the treatment of many cancers, including tumour growth, chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoid leukemia, thyroid cancers, and salivary gland cancers. It was shown by the binding affinity, drug similarity score, and other ADMET experiments that the designed molecules will have more significant anti-cancer activity.

{"title":"Design, and evaluation of in-silico anti-cancer activity of novel gefitinib analogues against 21 target proteins","authors":"Supriti Khan Ushna , Ananta Kumar Das","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over time, evidence suggests that numerous drugs have been discovered, and computer modelling, or the \"In silico method\", to understand how anti-cancer proteins interacted. Gefitinib, a quinazoline, inhibits the EGFR tyrosine kinase by attaching to its ATP-binding site. In order to find out how effective new gefitinib analogues are at targeting cancer, this study used molecular docking and ADMET analysis. In this study, the 21 anti-cancer target proteins were utilized to perform docking by using autodock tools. Twenty new analogues were created using ligand-based design, and frontier molecular orbital analysis revealed that the designed molecules are more reactive and softer. The majority of the designed molecules have higher binding affinities than gefitinib, according to the docking studies. Additionally, the analysis revealed that the compounds C-4, C-5, C-7, C-9, C-11, C-12, and C-14 have superior affinity to more than two targets. Docking experiments of the mutated target proteins with designed molecules demonstrate that many target proteins exhibit binding properties comparable to those of the unmutated proteins. According to the literature review on targets, these molecules may be helpful in the treatment of many cancers, including tumour growth, chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoid leukemia, thyroid cancers, and salivary gland cancers. It was shown by the binding affinity, drug similarity score, and other ADMET experiments that the designed molecules will have more significant anti-cancer activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Curcumin mitigates dichlorvos-initiated multi-organ dysfunction in rats by attenuating systemic oxidative stress and brain inflammatory mRNA transcripts

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100029

Adio Jamiu Akamo , Boluwatife Adenike Olagunju , Ofem Effiom Eteng , Iyabode Adekemi Kehinde , Adetutu Omolola Ojelabi , Mushafau Adewale Akinsanya , Adedayo Adebisi Adebisi , Tobi Stephen Adekunbi , Abiola Fatimoh Adenowo , Flourence Anifowose , Olufemi Mulkah Ajagun-Ogunleye , Jacob Kehinde Akintunde

Organophosphorus pesticides like dichlorvos (DDVP) are widely used for pest control, however their safety is a growing concern due to potential multi-factorial health risks. While curcumin (CUR) is known for its antioxidant capacity, its influence on DDVP-incited multi-organ dysfunction and brain inflammation remain under-researched. This work assessed the ameliorative competence of CUR in a DDVP-mediated systemic intoxication rat model. Rats (42) were randomly appropriated into seven groups (6 rats/group): Control, DDVP only (20 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), DDVP subjected with either CUR (50 and 100 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹) or the reference drug atropine (0.2 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), and CUR only (50 and 10 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹) were investigated. Rats were afflicted with DDVP orally for seven days, followed by fourteen days of CUR intervention. We humanely killed the rats and harvested their blood and viscera (liver, kidney, heart, lung, and brain) for bioassays twenty-four hours following the final treatment. CUR significantly (p < 0.05) abrogated DDVP-engendered elevations in H₂O₂, NO, and malondialdehyde contents, as well as GST activity; and reversed DDVP-elicited declines in GSH amounts, activities of SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in across all tissues. In the brain, CUR markedly (p < 0.05) rescinded DDVP-occasioned upregulation of gene expression biomarkers for fibrosis (TGF-β-1), apoptosis regulator (nuclear factor-kB-p65), and pro-apoptosis (p53 and Bax); and markedly abated DDVP-provoked repression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-10)]. Wholly CUR therapy mitigated DDVP-engendered multi-organ impairments in rats via rescinding oxidative stress and brain inflammation.

{"title":"Curcumin mitigates dichlorvos-initiated multi-organ dysfunction in rats by attenuating systemic oxidative stress and brain inflammatory mRNA transcripts","authors":"Adio Jamiu Akamo , Boluwatife Adenike Olagunju , Ofem Effiom Eteng , Iyabode Adekemi Kehinde , Adetutu Omolola Ojelabi , Mushafau Adewale Akinsanya , Adedayo Adebisi Adebisi , Tobi Stephen Adekunbi , Abiola Fatimoh Adenowo , Flourence Anifowose , Olufemi Mulkah Ajagun-Ogunleye , Jacob Kehinde Akintunde","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organophosphorus pesticides like dichlorvos (DDVP) are widely used for pest control, however their safety is a growing concern due to potential multi-factorial health risks. While curcumin (CUR) is known for its antioxidant capacity, its influence on DDVP-incited multi-organ dysfunction and brain inflammation remain under-researched. This work assessed the ameliorative competence of CUR in a DDVP-mediated systemic intoxication rat model. Rats (42) were randomly appropriated into seven groups (6 rats/group): Control, DDVP only (20 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), DDVP subjected with either CUR (50 and 100 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹) or the reference drug atropine (0.2 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), and CUR only (50 and 10 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹) were investigated. Rats were afflicted with DDVP orally for seven days, followed by fourteen days of CUR intervention. We humanely killed the rats and harvested their blood and viscera (liver, kidney, heart, lung, and brain) for bioassays twenty-four hours following the final treatment. CUR significantly (p < 0.05) abrogated DDVP-engendered elevations in H₂O₂, NO, and malondialdehyde contents, as well as GST activity; and reversed DDVP-elicited declines in GSH amounts, activities of SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in across all tissues. In the brain, CUR markedly (p < 0.05) rescinded DDVP-occasioned upregulation of gene expression biomarkers for fibrosis (TGF-β-1), apoptosis regulator (nuclear factor-kB-p65), and pro-apoptosis (p53 and Bax); and markedly abated DDVP-provoked repression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-10)]. Wholly CUR therapy mitigated DDVP-engendered multi-organ impairments in rats via rescinding oxidative stress and brain inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D3 supplementation improve sexual behaviors of male wistar rats treated with flunitrazepam

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100028

David Tolulope Oluwole , Oladipupo Samuel Ebiwonjumi , Lydia Oluwatoyin Ajayi , Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi

Sexual function, a major component of male health and lifestyle, has been reported to be impaired by flunitrazepam abuse due to its central tranquilizing actions. Therefore, this study examined the role of vitamin D3 (Vit.D3) supplementation on the sexual behavior of flunitrazepam (Flu)-treated male rats. Thirty male Wistar rats, weighing 180–200 g, were allowed access to receptive female rats on three different occasions and screened for sexual proficiency; twenty male rats were selected and randomly allocated into four groups: Vehicle: receiving 0.5 ml of distilled water with 0.5 ml of olive oil;. Flu: receiving 0.35 mg/kg body weight (BW) of flunitrazepam in 0.5 ml of distilled water with 0.5 ml of olive oil; Vit. D3: receiving 0.1 μg/kg/day of vitamin D3 in 0.5 ml of olive oil with 0.5 ml distilled water; Flu + Vit. D3: receiving 0.35 mg/kg of flunitrazepam in 0.5 ml of distilled water with 0.1 μg/kg/day of Vitamin.D3 in 0.5 ml of olive oil. Treatments were administered orally for 56 days. Vitamin D3 supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) reduced mount and intromission latencies, mount frequency and post-ejaculatory interval while increasing intromission frequencies, copulatory and inter-copulatory efficiencies with extended ejaculation latency in flunitrazepam-treated rats. Additionally, Vit.D3 supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) increased serum concentrations of gonadotropin hormones, testosterone, and estradiol, while reducing prolactin concentration. Vitamin D3 supplementation optimized sexual performance and motivation by reducing mount and intromission latencies, improving sexual performance, and preventing premature ejaculation, thereby enhancing copulatory and inter-copulatory efficiencies. Vitamin D3 possibly optimized sexual performance by inhibiting prolactin sretion, which upregulates circulatory pituitary steroids and testicular androgens.

{"title":"Vitamin D3 supplementation improve sexual behaviors of male wistar rats treated with flunitrazepam","authors":"David Tolulope Oluwole , Oladipupo Samuel Ebiwonjumi , Lydia Oluwatoyin Ajayi , Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sexual function, a major component of male health and lifestyle, has been reported to be impaired by flunitrazepam abuse due to its central tranquilizing actions. Therefore, this study examined the role of vitamin D3 (Vit.D3) supplementation on the sexual behavior of flunitrazepam (Flu)-treated male rats. Thirty male Wistar rats, weighing 180–200 g, were allowed access to receptive female rats on three different occasions and screened for sexual proficiency; twenty male rats were selected and randomly allocated into four groups: Vehicle: receiving 0.5 ml of distilled water with 0.5 ml of olive oil;. Flu: receiving 0.35 mg/kg body weight (BW) of flunitrazepam in 0.5 ml of distilled water with 0.5 ml of olive oil; Vit. D3: receiving 0.1 μg/kg/day of vitamin D3 in 0.5 ml of olive oil with 0.5 ml distilled water; Flu + Vit. D3: receiving 0.35 mg/kg of flunitrazepam in 0.5 ml of distilled water with 0.1 μg/kg/day of Vitamin.D3 in 0.5 ml of olive oil. Treatments were administered orally for 56 days. Vitamin D3 supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) reduced mount and intromission latencies, mount frequency and post-ejaculatory interval while increasing intromission frequencies, copulatory and inter-copulatory efficiencies with extended ejaculation latency in flunitrazepam-treated rats. Additionally, Vit.D3 supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) increased serum concentrations of gonadotropin hormones, testosterone, and estradiol, while reducing prolactin concentration. Vitamin D3 supplementation optimized sexual performance and motivation by reducing mount and intromission latencies, improving sexual performance, and preventing premature ejaculation, thereby enhancing copulatory and inter-copulatory efficiencies. Vitamin D3 possibly optimized sexual performance by inhibiting prolactin sretion, which upregulates circulatory pituitary steroids and testicular androgens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of interleukin-1 beta in inflammation and the potential of immune-targeted therapies

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2025.100027

Syed Ali Wijdan , Syed Muhammad Nasir Abbas Bokhari , Jenelle Alvares , Varisha Latif

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) has emerged as an important therapeutic target, due to its key role in mediating inflammation and tissue damage in different disorders. This study presents a thorough review of the conditions in which (IL-1β) is playing an important role and a summary of the new and ongoing treatments aimed at suppressing its activity. Furthermore, we explored currently available IL-1β targeted treatments, such as IL-1 inhibitors like Canakinumab and Anakinra, and also explained their work at molecular level in reducing inflammation. IL-1β is targeted in inflammatory illnesses in treatment that are beneficial, but there are drawbacks as well which includes the requirement for customized treatment plans, drug resistance, and unpleasant effects. This study also underlines the recent advancements in IL-1β targeted therapies, shedding light on novel approaches.

引用次数: 0

Functional analysis of quinovic acid derivatives from Sarcocephalus pobeguinii as inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100026

Arnaud Fondjo Kouam , Aristide Mfifen Munvera , Jordas Casares Tchana Tchamba , Elisabeth Menkem Zeuko’o , Armelle Gaelle Kwesseu Fepa , Brice Fredy Nemg Simo , Felicité Syntia Douanla Somene , Armel Jackson Seukep , Pierre Mkounga , Jules Clément Nguedia Assob , Frédéric Nico Njayou , Paul Fewou Moundipa

This study assessed compounds from Sarcocephalus pobeguinii as potential inhibitors of HCV-NS3/4 A. Ten compounds isolated from S. pobeguinii were initially screened for their inhibitory activity against HCV-NS3/4 A through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay. The 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) and the inhibition mechanism of active compounds were determined through concentration-response and enzyme-kinetics studies, respectively. The physical interactions between the enzyme and inhibitors were analyzed by thermal shift assay and surface plasmon resonance, while molecular interactions were predicted using molecular docking. The antiviral activity of the hit compounds was tested in a cell-based assay. Three inhibitors of HCV-NS3/4 A: Quinovic acid, Quinovic acid 3-O-[α-D-quinovopyranoside], and Quinovic acid 3-O-[β-D-quinovopyranoside] with IC₅₀ in the micromolar range were successfully identified. They displayed their inhibitory activity through a non-competitive inhibition mechanism and bound to the HCV-NS3/4 A protease in a real-time manner through 1:1 binding and steady-state affinity models, inducing its instability by lowering its melting temperature. The lead compounds effectively inhibited HCV replication at non-toxic concentrations. These results contribute to the valorization of S. pobeguinii as a potential source of efficient inhibitors to reinforce the current therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of HCV infection.

{"title":"Functional analysis of quinovic acid derivatives from Sarcocephalus pobeguinii as inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease","authors":"Arnaud Fondjo Kouam , Aristide Mfifen Munvera , Jordas Casares Tchana Tchamba , Elisabeth Menkem Zeuko’o , Armelle Gaelle Kwesseu Fepa , Brice Fredy Nemg Simo , Felicité Syntia Douanla Somene , Armel Jackson Seukep , Pierre Mkounga , Jules Clément Nguedia Assob , Frédéric Nico Njayou , Paul Fewou Moundipa","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed compounds from <em>Sarcocephalus pobeguinii</em> as potential inhibitors of HCV-NS3/4 A. Ten compounds isolated from <em>S. pobeguinii</em> were initially screened for their inhibitory activity against HCV-NS3/4 A through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay. The 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) and the inhibition mechanism of active compounds were determined through concentration-response and enzyme-kinetics studies, respectively. The physical interactions between the enzyme and inhibitors were analyzed by thermal shift assay and surface plasmon resonance, while molecular interactions were predicted using molecular docking. The antiviral activity of the hit compounds was tested in a cell-based assay. Three inhibitors of HCV-NS3/4 A: Quinovic acid, Quinovic acid 3-O-[α-D-quinovopyranoside], and Quinovic acid 3-O-[β-D-quinovopyranoside] with IC<sub>50</sub> in the micromolar range were successfully identified. They displayed their inhibitory activity through a non-competitive inhibition mechanism and bound to the HCV-NS3/4 A protease in a real-time manner through 1:1 binding and steady-state affinity models, inducing its instability by lowering its melting temperature. The lead compounds effectively inhibited HCV replication at non-toxic concentrations. These results contribute to the valorization of <em>S. pobeguinii</em> as a potential source of efficient inhibitors to reinforce the current therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of HCV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143151992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Canagliflozin attenuates haloperidol-induced motor and spatial working memory deficits in mice: Evidence of its role in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100025

Emmanuel Semasa Irokosu , Farouk Adedeji Oladoja , Sunday O. Olayemi , Ismail O. Ishola

Canagliflozin (CANA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, has been widely reported for its neuroprotective activity evidenced by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in brain tissue injury. Thus, it is a promising therapeutic candidate in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This study examined the protective effect of CANA on haloperidol-induced Parkinsonism in mice. Forty-two male mice were divided randomly into seven groups: group 1 - normal control; vehicle (10 mL/kg, p.o.), group 2 - vehicle (pathological control; 10 mL/kg, per oral), groups 3–5, received CANA (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o., respectively), and the sixth and seventh groups received trihexyphenidyl (THP, 1 mg/kg, p.o., standard drug), and CANA 100 mg/kg respectively, for 21 consecutive days. Animals in groups 2–6 were given haloperidol (1 mg/kg, i.p.) daily, one hour after pretreatment for 21 days. Spontaneous motor functions assessed with bar and rotarod test as well as working memory by Y-maze test. Thereafter, blood and discrete brain regions were collected for biochemical assays. CANA (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) demonstrated significant reduction in cataleptic scores in both acute (22, 58, and 76 %, respectively) and chronic (46, 61, and 69 %, respectively) in bar tests at 120 minutes. CANA improved motor coordination through prolongation of latency to fall in the rotarod test. Similarly, haloperidol-induced working memory impairment was reversed by CANA evidenced in significant increase percent alternation behaviour and counteracted dopamine depletion by 57 and 68 % at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, CANA significantly attenuated haloperidol-induced oxidative stress and TNF-α induction. It is of note that CANA did not induce hypoglycaemia in any of the treatment group. Findings from our study demonstrated the ability of canagliflozin to control muscle spasticity/weakness and working memory impairment in Parkinsonism through attenuation of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.

{"title":"Canagliflozin attenuates haloperidol-induced motor and spatial working memory deficits in mice: Evidence of its role in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Emmanuel Semasa Irokosu , Farouk Adedeji Oladoja , Sunday O. Olayemi , Ismail O. Ishola","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canagliflozin (CANA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, has been widely reported for its neuroprotective activity evidenced by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in brain tissue injury. Thus, it is a promising therapeutic candidate in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This study examined the protective effect of CANA on haloperidol-induced Parkinsonism in mice. Forty-two male mice were divided randomly into seven groups: group 1 - normal control; vehicle (10 mL/kg, <em>p.o</em>.), group 2 - vehicle (pathological control; 10 mL/kg, per oral), groups 3–5, received CANA (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, <em>p.o</em>., respectively), and the sixth and seventh groups received trihexyphenidyl (THP, 1 mg/kg, <em>p.o.,</em> standard drug), and CANA 100 mg/kg respectively, for 21 consecutive days. Animals in groups 2–6 were given haloperidol (1 mg/kg, <em>i.p</em>.) daily, one hour after pretreatment for 21 days. Spontaneous motor functions assessed with bar and rotarod test as well as working memory by Y-maze test. Thereafter, blood and discrete brain regions were collected for biochemical assays. CANA (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) demonstrated significant reduction in cataleptic scores in both acute (22, 58, and 76 %, respectively) and chronic (46, 61, and 69 %, respectively) in bar tests at 120 minutes. CANA improved motor coordination through prolongation of latency to fall in the rotarod test. Similarly, haloperidol-induced working memory impairment was reversed by CANA evidenced in significant increase percent alternation behaviour and counteracted dopamine depletion by 57 and 68 % at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, CANA significantly attenuated haloperidol-induced oxidative stress and TNF-α induction. It is of note that CANA did not induce hypoglycaemia in any of the treatment group. Findings from our study demonstrated the ability of canagliflozin to control muscle spasticity/weakness and working memory impairment in Parkinsonism through attenuation of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pretreatment with acetylsalicylic acid alleviates UVB irradiation-induced skin pathology in hairless mice and BOC-2 (an ALX/FPR2 receptor antagonist) reduces its activity

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100024

Renata M. Martinez , Priscila Saito , Ingrid C. Pinto , Camilla C.A. Rodrigues , Victor Fattori , Cristina P.B. Melo , Allan J.C. Bussmann , Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari , Tiago H. Zaninelli , Telma Saraiva-Santos , Michel F. Otuki , Daniela A. Cabrini , Marcela M. Baracat , Sandra R. Georgetti , Waldiceu A. Verri Jr. , Rubia Casagrande

This work aims to investigate if the biological activity of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) against UVB irradiation-induced skin inflammatory and oxidative injury in hairless mice would be amenable by treatment with BOC-2, an antagonist of the formyl peptide receptor 2 receptor (ALX/FPR2). Mice were treated with BOC-2 and after 30 minutes, they received ASA or Aspirin-Triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A₄ (AT-LXA_4, an agonist of ALX/FPR2), and after 1 hour, they were exposed to UVB irradiation (dose of 4.14 J/cm²). UVB stimulation induced neutrophil and mast cell recruitment, edema, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity, collagen degradation, sunburn cell formation, and cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). All these parameters were inhibited by ASA or AT-LXA₄. In addition, ASA and AT-LXA₄ enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β), and attenuated UVB-induced oxidative damage returning the oxidative status to baseline levels in parameters such as ferric reducing ability, free radical scavenging, reduced glutathione levels, catalase activity, superoxide anion production, Nrf2, Nqo1, and gp91^phox mRNA expression. These therapeutic effects of ASA and AT-LXA₄ were reversed by BOC-2. Our results demonstrate that ALX/FPR2 receptor plays an important role in ASA activity against UVB-induced skin pathologies.

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引用次数: 0

Bilirubin, a potent and persistent inhibitor of genetic damage induced by gamma rays in D. melanogaster 胆红素--伽马射线诱导黑腹蝇遗传损伤的强效持久抑制剂

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100022

Elizabeth Jiménez , Emilio Pimentel , Martha P. Cruces , Viviana Valadez-Graham , Zazil Velázquez

The antimutagenic and radioprotective action as well as the persistence of the effects of chlorophyllin, a tetrapyrrole with copper-chelate ring, was demonstrated in our laboratory, using the in vivo system Drosophila melanogaster. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the inhibitory capacity of bilirubin (BRB) on gamma radiation-induced oxidative genetic damage. For this purpose, the SMART assay on the wing of D. melanogaster was used. Second instar larvae were pretreated with BRB for 24 hours and then groups of them were exposed to gamma ray at 0, 24, 48 or 72 hours after pretreatment. For the antioxidant action, Canton-S strain larvae were pretreated during 2 h with BRB, and after that, they were exposed to gamma rays to measure the activity of the SOD, CAT and GSH-Px enzymes and overexpression of genes Sod and Cat. The results indicated that the group treated with BRB+Gamma rays sharply reduced (56 %) the genetic damage compared to the groups exposed only to gamma rays. Furthermore, this effect was persistent up to 72 h after pretreatment. Bilirubin did not modify CAT nor GSH-Px enzymes activity, neither the transcription of Sod1 gene at any time tested, however, the Cat gene only overexpressed 24 h after BRB and BRB+10 Gy treatment. These findings suggest that these porphyrins act as antioxidants probably by itself, which positions BRB as a possible radioprotector.

叶绿素是一种具有螯合铜环的四吡咯化合物，我们实验室利用黑腹果蝇体内系统证明了叶绿素的抗突变和辐射保护作用以及持续效果。这项研究的目的是评估胆红素（BRB）对伽马射线诱导的氧化基因损伤的抑制能力。为此，我们使用了黑腹蝇翅上的 SMART 检测法。将二龄幼虫用胆红素预处理 24 小时，然后在预处理后的 0、24、48 或 72 小时将各组幼虫暴露于伽马射线。在抗氧化作用方面，用BRB预处理二龄幼虫2小时，然后用伽马射线照射二龄幼虫，测定SOD、CAT和GSH-Px酶的活性以及Sod和Cat基因的过表达。结果表明，与只暴露于伽马射线的组别相比，用 BRB+ 伽马射线处理的组别可大幅减少（56%）基因损伤。此外，这种效应在预处理后 72 小时内仍持续存在。胆红素没有改变 CAT 或 GSH-Px 酶的活性，也没有改变 Sod1 基因的转录。这些研究结果表明，这些卟啉可能本身就是抗氧化剂，这就使 BRB 成为一种可能的辐射防护剂。

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引用次数: 0

Discovery of novel peptide deformylase inhibitors: Ensemble complex-based pharmacophore modeling, docking and binding affinity studies 发现新型多肽变形酶抑制剂：基于组合复合物的药效学建模、对接和结合亲和力研究

Pharmacological Research - Reports

Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100011

Vijaya Bhaskar Baki , Siva Rajesh Sivarathri , Munichandra Babu Tirumalasetty , M.V. Jyothi Kumar , Rammohan Aluru

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are quickly increasing in association with a variety of illnesses, necessitating the development of novel medications. This study employed an in silico technique to find PDF inhibitors against P. aeruginosa Peptide deformylase (PaPDF). PaPDF's structure is comparable to that of other PDFs; however, binding site studies found that PaPDF has a smaller pocket than Staphylococcus aureus, covering the S1 and S2 sub pockets, and maintains a conserved hydrophobic nature. The Zn metal binding site of modified PaPDFs was examined using molecular dynamics, and the results revealed that Cys92Ala differed from His134Ala and His138Ala, respectively. Complex-based pharmacophore investigation revealed three significant pharmacophoric characteristics within the pocket: two hydrophobic and one H-bond acceptor. This allows us to perform virtual screening using the ChemBride database to uncover a variety of potential hits with specific inhibitory characteristics. Several restrictions, including docking and molecular mechanics/general born-volume integral implicit solvent (MM/GBVI), were applied, and the top-ranked ligands were tested for inhibitory characteristics against key residues in the active site. Furthermore, the bioavailability and toxicity prediction identified seven potential leads and suggested future research into the design and synthesis of a unique class of PaPDF inhibitors.

铜绿假单胞菌感染与各种疾病的关联性迅速增加，因此有必要开发新型药物。本研究采用了一种硅学技术来寻找针对铜绿假单胞菌肽变形酶（PaPDF）的PDF抑制剂。PaPDF 的结构与其他 PDF 相似，但结合位点研究发现，PaPDF 的口袋比金黄色葡萄球菌小，覆盖了 S1 和 S2 子口袋，并保持了保守的疏水性。利用分子动力学方法研究了修饰后的 PaPDF 的锌金属结合位点，结果发现 Cys92Ala 与 His134Ala 和 His138Ala 分别不同。基于复合物的药代动力学研究发现，口袋内有三个重要的药效特征：两个疏水性和一个氢键受体。这使我们能够利用 ChemBride 数据库进行虚拟筛选，从而发现各种具有特定抑制特性的潜在靶点。我们应用了几种限制条件，包括对接和分子力学/通用天生体积积分隐含溶剂（MM/GBVI），并测试了排名靠前的配体对活性位点关键残基的抑制特性。此外，生物利用度和毒性预测确定了七种潜在的先导物，并对今后设计和合成一类独特的 PaPDF 抑制剂的研究提出了建议。

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引用次数: 0