Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90032-3
Donald A. Becker
{"title":"Reprocessing and disposal of waste petroleum oils","authors":"Donald A. Becker","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90032-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90032-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 199-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90032-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82284505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90031-1
D. W. Osten, N. J. Sell
{"title":"Recovery of waste silver from pickle process plants","authors":"D. W. Osten, N. J. Sell","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90031-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90031-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"os-17 1","pages":"195-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87034397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90027-X
M. G. Buivid, D. Wise, A. M. Rader, P. McCarty, W. Owen
{"title":"Feasibility of a peat biogasification process","authors":"M. G. Buivid, D. Wise, A. M. Rader, P. McCarty, W. Owen","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90027-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90027-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"45 6","pages":"117-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91399498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90030-X
Branden B. Johnson
Wastewater reuse has been adopted relatively seldom as a water management method in the United States. This paper traces the development of federal wastewater reuse policy in the water quality planning process and its slow implementation. Obstacles to reuse adoption include lack of enforcement of regulations, economic constraints, inadequate evaluation of reuse's water supply benefits, and conservative attitudes on the part of planners. Recent policy initiatives may reduce some of these obstacles.
{"title":"Federal wastewater reuse policy: Institutional and attitudinal obstacles to national progress","authors":"Branden B. Johnson","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90030-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90030-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wastewater reuse has been adopted relatively seldom as a water management method in the United States. This paper traces the development of federal wastewater reuse policy in the water quality planning process and its slow implementation. Obstacles to reuse adoption include lack of enforcement of regulations, economic constraints, inadequate evaluation of reuse's water supply benefits, and conservative attitudes on the part of planners. Recent policy initiatives may reduce some of these obstacles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 179-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90030-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88914902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90029-3
James Zucchetto, Suzanne Bayley, Larry Shapiro, Deborah Mau, John Nessel
A framework for analysis is presented which is applied to the quantification of the energy costs associated with bulk commodity transportation modes. Energy costs considered included direct operating costs, indirect costs for goods, capital and services and an estimation of natural system impacts. In particular, the total energy costs per unit of coal energy delivered by the alternative means of barges, railroads, pipelines and high-voltage transmission lines were evaluated.
{"title":"The direct and indirect energy costs of coal transport by alternative bulk commodity modes","authors":"James Zucchetto, Suzanne Bayley, Larry Shapiro, Deborah Mau, John Nessel","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90029-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90029-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A framework for analysis is presented which is applied to the quantification of the energy costs associated with bulk commodity transportation modes. Energy costs considered included direct operating costs, indirect costs for goods, capital and services and an estimation of natural system impacts. In particular, the total energy costs per unit of coal energy delivered by the alternative means of barges, railroads, pipelines and high-voltage transmission lines were evaluated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 161-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90029-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91726145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A feasibility study was conducted to determine if biogasification may be an economical process for the conversion of peat into pipeline quality methane (SNG). United States' peat resources, in terms of energy content, are greater than the energy recoverable from uranium, shale oil, or the combined reserves of petroleum and natural gas. Experiments and costing of SNG by the biogasification of peat were based on a two-stage process. In the first (assumed to follow wet harvesting of peat) an alkaline oxidation pretreatment of peat was employed to produce soluble, low molecular weight acids, wood sugars, and other soluble organic fragments. Unreacted peat solids were separated (to be processed as a potential boiler fuel) while the recovered liquid, containing the soluble organic material, was anaerobically fermented to methane and carbon dioxide in the second stage of the process. In this study, up to 26% of the energy value in peat was converted to methane in the two-stage process; more than 50% of the material from the first stage was fermented to methane in the second. More work is needed to optimize the first stage. Preliminary cost estimates are: a 79.2 × 103 GJ/day (75.0 billion BTU/day) plant, the total capital requirement is approximately $323 million (April 1978 costs). The annual operating cost is approximately $44 million. For a plant operating at a 90% stream factor, with peat delivered to the plant site as a 3% solids slurry at a cost of $0.0033/kg ($3/ton) dry peat, the average cost for SNG is estimated as $3.16/GJ ($3.34/million BTU). A significant advantage of biogasification appears to be that technical difficulties of dewatering, necessary for peat utilization in conventional gasification or direct combustion, are eliminated.
{"title":"Feasibility of a peat biogasification process","authors":"M.G. Buivid, D.L. Wise, A.M. Rader, P.L. McCarty, W.F. Owen","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90027-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90027-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A feasibility study was conducted to determine if biogasification may be an economical process for the conversion of peat into pipeline quality methane (SNG). United States' peat resources, in terms of energy content, are greater than the energy recoverable from uranium, shale oil, or the combined reserves of petroleum and natural gas. Experiments and costing of SNG by the biogasification of peat were based on a two-stage process. In the first (assumed to follow wet harvesting of peat) an alkaline oxidation pretreatment of peat was employed to produce soluble, low molecular weight acids, wood sugars, and other soluble organic fragments. Unreacted peat solids were separated (to be processed as a potential boiler fuel) while the recovered liquid, containing the soluble organic material, was anaerobically fermented to methane and carbon dioxide in the second stage of the process. In this study, up to 26% of the energy value in peat was converted to methane in the two-stage process; more than 50% of the material from the first stage was fermented to methane in the second. More work is needed to optimize the first stage. Preliminary cost estimates are: a 79.2 × 10<sup>3</sup> GJ/day (75.0 billion BTU/day) plant, the total capital requirement is approximately $323 million (April 1978 costs). The annual operating cost is approximately $44 million. For a plant operating at a 90% stream factor, with peat delivered to the plant site as a 3% solids slurry at a cost of $0.0033/kg ($3/ton) dry peat, the average cost for SNG is estimated as $3.16/GJ ($3.34/million BTU). A significant advantage of biogasification appears to be that technical difficulties of dewatering, necessary for peat utilization in conventional gasification or direct combustion, are eliminated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 117-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90027-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90028517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90029-3
J. Zucchetto, S. Bayley, L. Shapiro, D. Mau, John Nessel
{"title":"The direct and indirect energy costs of coal transport by alternative bulk commodity modes","authors":"J. Zucchetto, S. Bayley, L. Shapiro, D. Mau, John Nessel","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90029-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90029-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"42 1","pages":"161-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89904114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90033-5
E.Joseph Duckett
{"title":"Environment, technology and health: Human ecology in historical perspective","authors":"E.Joseph Duckett","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90033-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90033-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 200-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90033-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77647942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90034-7
P.Aarne Veselind
{"title":"Individual onsite wastewater systems, proceedings of the fifth national conference, 1978","authors":"P.Aarne Veselind","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90034-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90034-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"Page 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90034-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91726144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-07-01DOI: 10.1016/0304-3967(80)90031-1
D.W. Osten, N.J. Sell
{"title":"Recovery of waste silver from pickle process plants","authors":"D.W. Osten, N.J. Sell","doi":"10.1016/0304-3967(80)90031-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90031-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101078,"journal":{"name":"Resource Recovery and Conservation","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 195-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0304-3967(80)90031-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91726146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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