R. Najjar-Debbiny, O. Barnett-Griness, J. Khoury, N. Gronich, G. Weber, Yochay Adir, Michal Steinberg, Sonia Shneir, Lokesh Sharma, W. Saliba
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with significant morbidity. Data are scarce on the link between COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis. We aimed to assess the association between COVID-19 with pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 2,894,801 adults without a diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. The underlying cohort consisted of members of the largest healthcare provider in Israel aged 18 years or older as of May 1, 2020. Subjects were followed up from cohort entry until June 30, 2022 for the occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis. Ten randomly selected controls were matched to each case of pulmonary fibrosis on age, sex and calendar time. To account for surveillance bias a lag-time of 60 days was used for ascertainment of prior COVID-19 and COVID-severity. RESULTS During follow-up 1,284 patients were newly diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis and matched with 12,840 controls. Multivariable conditional logistic-regression models showed that the OR for pulmonary fibrosis was 1.80 (95% CI, 1.47-2.19) in patients with COVID-19 compared to no COVID-19. The multivariable OR for pulmonary fibrosis was 1.33 (1.06-1.68), 2.98 (1.16-7.65), and 9.30 (5.77-14.98) for mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, respectively, compared to no COVID-19. The magnitude of the association was attenuated but remained statistically significant for severe disease when the lag-time was extended to 180 days; 1.08 (0.78-1.49), 2.37 (0.75-7.46), and 5.34 (2.75-10.36) for mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, respectively. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 appears to be associated with an increased risk of pulmonary fibrosis and the magnitude of the association increases with COVID-19 severity.
{"title":"Association between COVID-19 infection and pulmonary fibrosis: a nested case-control study.","authors":"R. Najjar-Debbiny, O. Barnett-Griness, J. Khoury, N. Gronich, G. Weber, Yochay Adir, Michal Steinberg, Sonia Shneir, Lokesh Sharma, W. Saliba","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4385523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4385523","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with significant morbidity. Data are scarce on the link between COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis. We aimed to assess the association between COVID-19 with pulmonary fibrosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 2,894,801 adults without a diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. The underlying cohort consisted of members of the largest healthcare provider in Israel aged 18 years or older as of May 1, 2020. Subjects were followed up from cohort entry until June 30, 2022 for the occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis. Ten randomly selected controls were matched to each case of pulmonary fibrosis on age, sex and calendar time. To account for surveillance bias a lag-time of 60 days was used for ascertainment of prior COVID-19 and COVID-severity.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000During follow-up 1,284 patients were newly diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis and matched with 12,840 controls. Multivariable conditional logistic-regression models showed that the OR for pulmonary fibrosis was 1.80 (95% CI, 1.47-2.19) in patients with COVID-19 compared to no COVID-19. The multivariable OR for pulmonary fibrosis was 1.33 (1.06-1.68), 2.98 (1.16-7.65), and 9.30 (5.77-14.98) for mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, respectively, compared to no COVID-19. The magnitude of the association was attenuated but remained statistically significant for severe disease when the lag-time was extended to 180 days; 1.08 (0.78-1.49), 2.37 (0.75-7.46), and 5.34 (2.75-10.36) for mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000COVID-19 appears to be associated with an increased risk of pulmonary fibrosis and the magnitude of the association increases with COVID-19 severity.","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81084764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION Although tooth loss is widely recognized as a typical sign of aging, whether it is associated with accelerated aging, and to what extent diet quality mediates this association are unknown. METHODS Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The missing tooth counts were recorded as the number of edentulous sites. Phenotypic accelerated aging was calculated using nine routine clinical chemistry biomarkers and chronological age. Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) score was used to evaluate diet quality. Multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were used to analyze the association between tooth loss and accelerated aging. Mediation analyses were used to examine the mediation role of diet quality in the association. RESULTS The association between tooth loss and accelerated aging was confirmed. The highest quartile of tooth loss showed a positive association with accelerated aging (β=1.090; 95%CI 0.555, 1.625; P<0.001). Diet quality decreased with increase number of missing teeth and showed a negative association with accelerated aging. Mediation analysis suggested that the HEI-2015 score partially mediated the association between tooth loss and accelerated aging (proportion of mediation: 5.302%; 95%CI 3.422%, 7.182%; P<0.001). Plant foods such as fruits and vegetables were considered the key mediating food. CONCLUSIONS The association between tooth loss and accelerated aging, as well as the partially mediating role of dietary quality in this association, was confirmed. These findings suggested that more attention should be paid to the population with severe tooth loss and the changes of their dietary quality.
{"title":"Association of tooth loss and diet quality with acceleration of aging: Evidence from NHANES.","authors":"Kehui Xu, Ling Li, Shuailin Jia, Qihong Li, Jiaxin Hao, Sai Ma, Zikang He, Qianqian Wan, Yunfan Cai, Zhiting Li, Franklin Tay, Lina Niu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4310422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4310422","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Although tooth loss is widely recognized as a typical sign of aging, whether it is associated with accelerated aging, and to what extent diet quality mediates this association are unknown.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The missing tooth counts were recorded as the number of edentulous sites. Phenotypic accelerated aging was calculated using nine routine clinical chemistry biomarkers and chronological age. Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) score was used to evaluate diet quality. Multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were used to analyze the association between tooth loss and accelerated aging. Mediation analyses were used to examine the mediation role of diet quality in the association.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The association between tooth loss and accelerated aging was confirmed. The highest quartile of tooth loss showed a positive association with accelerated aging (β=1.090; 95%CI 0.555, 1.625; P<0.001). Diet quality decreased with increase number of missing teeth and showed a negative association with accelerated aging. Mediation analysis suggested that the HEI-2015 score partially mediated the association between tooth loss and accelerated aging (proportion of mediation: 5.302%; 95%CI 3.422%, 7.182%; P<0.001). Plant foods such as fruits and vegetables were considered the key mediating food.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The association between tooth loss and accelerated aging, as well as the partially mediating role of dietary quality in this association, was confirmed. These findings suggested that more attention should be paid to the population with severe tooth loss and the changes of their dietary quality.","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88347827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)03098-x
Arturo Hernandez, Brendan A. Andres, P. Jagadish, Suzanne K. Oskouie, Tushar Acharya, E. Juneman, D. Acharya
{"title":"STEROID-RESPONSIVE FULMINANT LYMPHOCYTIC MYOCARDITIS MIMICKING GIANT-CELL MYOCARDITIS.","authors":"Arturo Hernandez, Brendan A. Andres, P. Jagadish, Suzanne K. Oskouie, Tushar Acharya, E. Juneman, D. Acharya","doi":"10.1016/s0735-1097(23)03098-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(23)03098-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76445329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-04-23DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.03.035
Haoyi Zheng
{"title":"It Is Time to Abandon the Use of Body Surface Area Derived From a 100-Year-Old Formula.","authors":"Haoyi Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.03.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.03.035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"26 1","pages":"e308-e310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79020031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.03.026
Michelle M Kittleson
{"title":"The Two Pandemics.","authors":"Michelle M Kittleson","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.03.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.03.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"20 1","pages":"1144-1146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91185334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.02.021
Janica Adams, Tara Elton-Marshall, Esfandiar Shojaei, Michael Silverman
Background: People who inject drugs and have infective endocarditis have a high risk of recurrent infective endocarditis and death. We aimed to characterize clinical factors associated with mortality and assess the probability of infective endocarditis recurrence in the presence of death as a competing risk.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of people who inject drugs, identified between April 5, 2007 and March 15, 2018 with the Modified Duke Criteria for definite infective endocarditis. Fine-Gray sub-distribution and Cox proportional hazards modeling were conducted to determine variables associated with the rate of infective endocarditis recurrence and mortality, respectively.
Results: Of the 310 patients with infective endocarditis who inject drugs, 236 experienced a single episode and 74 experienced recurrent episodes. Peripherally inserted central catheter misuse was associated with an increased rate of infective endocarditis recurrence (sub-distribution hazard ratio 2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-4.98; P = .02) and mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 2.44; 95% CI, 1.15-5.17; P = .02). Non-right-sided infection, peripheral intravenous therapy, and intensive care unit admission were also associated with increased mortality. Oral therapy (HR 0.38; 95% CI, 0.16-0.91; P = .03), outpatient treatment (HR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.19-0.82; P = .01), and inpatient referral to addiction services (HR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.70; P = .002) were associated with a decrease in mortality.
Conclusions: Patients who misuse their peripherally inserted central catheter are at higher risk of recurrent infective endocarditis and death. Avoidance of peripherally inserted central catheter lines and use of intravenous peripheral therapy did not reduce mortality, but oral therapy was associated with reduced risk. Inpatient addiction services referral is important.
背景：注射毒品并患有感染性心内膜炎的人复发性心内膜炎和死亡的风险很高。我们的目的是描述与死亡率相关的临床因素，并评估在死亡存在的情况下感染性心内膜炎复发的可能性。方法：对2007年4月5日至2018年3月15日期间注射毒品的人进行回顾性队列研究，这些人符合确定感染性心内膜炎的修改杜克标准。采用细灰色亚分布和Cox比例风险模型分别确定与感染性心内膜炎复发率和死亡率相关的变量。结果：310例注射药物的感染性心内膜炎患者中，236例为单次发作，74例为反复发作。外周置管不当与感染性心内膜炎复发率增加（亚分布风险比2.41；95%可信区间[CI]， 1.17-4.98; P = 0.02）和死亡率增加相关（风险比[HR] 2.44; 95% CI, 1.15-5.17; P = 0.02）。非右侧感染、外周静脉注射治疗和入住重症监护病房也与死亡率增加有关。口服治疗（HR 0.38; 95% CI, 0.16-0.91; P = 0.03）、门诊治疗（HR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.19-0.82; P = 0.01）和住院成瘾服务转诊（HR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.70; P = 0.002）与死亡率降低相关。结论：滥用外周中心导管的患者复发性感染性心内膜炎和死亡的风险较高。避免外周插入中心导管和使用静脉外周治疗并没有降低死亡率，但口服治疗与降低风险相关。住院成瘾服务转诊很重要。
{"title":"Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Line Misuse Among People Who Inject Drugs While on Therapy for Infective Endocarditis.","authors":"Janica Adams, Tara Elton-Marshall, Esfandiar Shojaei, Michael Silverman","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.02.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.02.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People who inject drugs and have infective endocarditis have a high risk of recurrent infective endocarditis and death. We aimed to characterize clinical factors associated with mortality and assess the probability of infective endocarditis recurrence in the presence of death as a competing risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted of people who inject drugs, identified between April 5, 2007 and March 15, 2018 with the Modified Duke Criteria for definite infective endocarditis. Fine-Gray sub-distribution and Cox proportional hazards modeling were conducted to determine variables associated with the rate of infective endocarditis recurrence and mortality, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 310 patients with infective endocarditis who inject drugs, 236 experienced a single episode and 74 experienced recurrent episodes. Peripherally inserted central catheter misuse was associated with an increased rate of infective endocarditis recurrence (sub-distribution hazard ratio 2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-4.98; P = .02) and mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 2.44; 95% CI, 1.15-5.17; P = .02). Non-right-sided infection, peripheral intravenous therapy, and intensive care unit admission were also associated with increased mortality. Oral therapy (HR 0.38; 95% CI, 0.16-0.91; P = .03), outpatient treatment (HR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.19-0.82; P = .01), and inpatient referral to addiction services (HR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.70; P = .002) were associated with a decrease in mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients who misuse their peripherally inserted central catheter are at higher risk of recurrent infective endocarditis and death. Avoidance of peripherally inserted central catheter lines and use of intravenous peripheral therapy did not reduce mortality, but oral therapy was associated with reduced risk. Inpatient addiction services referral is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"82 1","pages":"e324-e336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89006758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.05.032
A. Garber, A. Ferris, T. Vu
{"title":"The Importance of Adding Discernment to the Acting Internship - A Necessary Shift in Culture Towards Competency-Based Metrics.","authors":"A. Garber, A. Ferris, T. Vu","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.05.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.05.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78989948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.025
A. Annamalai, V. Prajna, Gunja Chowdhury, R. Santhi, Mariappan Kannan, S. Vedantham, M. Gurnell
{"title":"WILSON'S DISEASE - NEVER TOO LATE.","authors":"A. Annamalai, V. Prajna, Gunja Chowdhury, R. Santhi, Mariappan Kannan, S. Vedantham, M. Gurnell","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89514392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.032
Tamer Ghanayim, L. Lupu, Sivan Naveh, N. Bachner-Hinenzon, D. Adler, S. Adawi, S. Banai, A. Shiran
{"title":"Artificial intelligence-based stethoscope for the diagnosis of aortic stenosis.","authors":"Tamer Ghanayim, L. Lupu, Sivan Naveh, N. Bachner-Hinenzon, D. Adler, S. Adawi, S. Banai, A. Shiran","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88391812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.026
Marc Levine, L. Levine, Helen Xun, Prakash J Mathew, Devinder Singh, Adam Gerber, Michael Antonietti
{"title":"Face Off: 3D Printed Masks as a Cost-Effective and Reusable Alternative to N95 Respirators: A Feasibility Study.","authors":"Marc Levine, L. Levine, Helen Xun, Prakash J Mathew, Devinder Singh, Adam Gerber, Michael Antonietti","doi":"10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101216,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Medicine Supplements","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72983719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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