Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-12-15DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0057
Jaekyoung Lee, Ji Sun Park, Yoon Jeong, Young In Shin, Min Gu Huh, Jin Wook Jeoung, Ki Ho Park, Young Kook Kim
Purpose: To investigate the prevalence ratio of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Asian population.
Methods: Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for population-based studies in Asia published until August 5, 2022. We conducted a meta-analysis for PACG to POAG prevalence ratio using inverse variance-weighted random-effects meta-analyses so as to combine the study-specific measures of association. Between-study outcome variation (i.e., heterogeneity) was quantified with the I2 statistic. The multiple meta-regression analyses were performed in order to further account for the reasons for heterogeneity.
Results: Twenty studies, with a total study population of 52,522 individuals, had been conducted in 13 countries. The pooled PACG to POAG prevalence ratio was 2.204 (95% confidence interval, 1.617-3.004) with high heterogeneity (p < 0.001). In multiple meta-regression model, prevalence of POAG is the most important predictor for heterogeneity (model importance, 0.954), followed continent (0.508), and publication year (0.222). For every additional elevation of POAG prevalence (i.e., increase of 1.0%), the PACG to POAG prevalence ratio is expected to rise by 0.471.
Conclusions: We estimated the pooled PACG to POAG prevalence ratio in the Asian population. The POAG prevalence is the most important factor to determine the PACG to POAG prevalence ratio.
{"title":"Prevalence Ratio of Primary Angle-Closure and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Asian Population: A Meta-Analysis and Multiple Meta-Regression Analysis.","authors":"Jaekyoung Lee, Ji Sun Park, Yoon Jeong, Young In Shin, Min Gu Huh, Jin Wook Jeoung, Ki Ho Park, Young Kook Kim","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0057","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the prevalence ratio of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Asian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for population-based studies in Asia published until August 5, 2022. We conducted a meta-analysis for PACG to POAG prevalence ratio using inverse variance-weighted random-effects meta-analyses so as to combine the study-specific measures of association. Between-study outcome variation (i.e., heterogeneity) was quantified with the I2 statistic. The multiple meta-regression analyses were performed in order to further account for the reasons for heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty studies, with a total study population of 52,522 individuals, had been conducted in 13 countries. The pooled PACG to POAG prevalence ratio was 2.204 (95% confidence interval, 1.617-3.004) with high heterogeneity (p < 0.001). In multiple meta-regression model, prevalence of POAG is the most important predictor for heterogeneity (model importance, 0.954), followed continent (0.508), and publication year (0.222). For every additional elevation of POAG prevalence (i.e., increase of 1.0%), the PACG to POAG prevalence ratio is expected to rise by 0.471.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We estimated the pooled PACG to POAG prevalence ratio in the Asian population. The POAG prevalence is the most important factor to determine the PACG to POAG prevalence ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10869426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138816192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-12-27DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0126
Phil Kyu Lee, Jae Lim Chung, Da Ran Kim, Young Chae Yoon, SoonWon Yang, Woong-Joo Whang, Yong-Soo Byun, HyungBin Hwang, Kyung Sun Na, HyunSoo Lee, So Hyang Chung, Eun Chul Kim, YangKyung Cho, Hyun Seung Kim, Ho Sik Hwang
Purpose: In the present study, we determined the prevalence of obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), hyposecretory MGD, grossly normal MG, and hypersecretory MGD in patients with dry eye syndrome using lipid layer thickness (LLT) and MG dropout.
Methods: Eighty-eight patients with dry eye syndrome were included in the study. Patients were categorized into four groups according to the LLT and weighted total meiboscore. The proportion of patients in each group was calculated. The age, sex, Ocular Surface Disease Index, LLT, Schirmer, tear film breakup time, cornea stain, weighted total meiboscore, expressibility, and quality of meibum were compared between the four groups.
Results: Fifteen eyes (17.0%) had obstructive MGD, two eyes (2.3%) had hyposecretory MGD, 40 eyes (45.5%) had grossly normal MG, and 17 eyes (19.3%) had hypersecretory MGD. The obstructive MGD group was younger than the grossly normal MG group. In obstructive MGD, the ratio of men to women was higher than that of the other groups. However, Ocular Surface Disease Index, Schirmer, tear film breakup time, and corneal stain did not show statistically significant differences between the four groups. The meibum expressibility of the hyposecretoy MGD group was worse than those of the other groups. The meibum expressibility of the hyposecretoy MGD group was poor than those of the obstructive and hypersecretory MGD group.
Conclusions: This categorization was expected to help determine the best treatment method for dry eye syndrome, according to the MG status.
{"title":"Categorization of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Using Lipid Layer Thickness and Meibomian Gland Dropout in Dry Eye Patients: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Phil Kyu Lee, Jae Lim Chung, Da Ran Kim, Young Chae Yoon, SoonWon Yang, Woong-Joo Whang, Yong-Soo Byun, HyungBin Hwang, Kyung Sun Na, HyunSoo Lee, So Hyang Chung, Eun Chul Kim, YangKyung Cho, Hyun Seung Kim, Ho Sik Hwang","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0126","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In the present study, we determined the prevalence of obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), hyposecretory MGD, grossly normal MG, and hypersecretory MGD in patients with dry eye syndrome using lipid layer thickness (LLT) and MG dropout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-eight patients with dry eye syndrome were included in the study. Patients were categorized into four groups according to the LLT and weighted total meiboscore. The proportion of patients in each group was calculated. The age, sex, Ocular Surface Disease Index, LLT, Schirmer, tear film breakup time, cornea stain, weighted total meiboscore, expressibility, and quality of meibum were compared between the four groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen eyes (17.0%) had obstructive MGD, two eyes (2.3%) had hyposecretory MGD, 40 eyes (45.5%) had grossly normal MG, and 17 eyes (19.3%) had hypersecretory MGD. The obstructive MGD group was younger than the grossly normal MG group. In obstructive MGD, the ratio of men to women was higher than that of the other groups. However, Ocular Surface Disease Index, Schirmer, tear film breakup time, and corneal stain did not show statistically significant differences between the four groups. The meibum expressibility of the hyposecretoy MGD group was worse than those of the other groups. The meibum expressibility of the hyposecretoy MGD group was poor than those of the obstructive and hypersecretory MGD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This categorization was expected to help determine the best treatment method for dry eye syndrome, according to the MG status.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10869428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139041088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2023-12-19DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0112
Do Young Kim, Soojin Kim, Sang Ah Kim, Jun Mo Lee, Ji Hyun Kim
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the difference in the vascular parameters of perfusion in the optic nerve head in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) across disease stages using optical coherence tomography angiography and its correlation with peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 83 eyes with varying stages of NTG (25 mild, 31 moderate, and 27 severe) and 90 healthy eyes were enrolled. The perfusion density (PD) and flux index (FI) of the optic nerve head divided into four sectors were determined. We compared the vascular, structural, and functional parameters between normal and glaucomatous eyes and performed a subgroup analysis among the NTG stages. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the topographic correlation between vascular parameters and RNFL thickness.
Results: PD and FI were significantly decreased in the NTG group. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant decrease in vascular parameters in most regions in the NTG group, except for the nasal PD and temporal FI. Post hoc analysis showed a significant decrease in PD in the inferior region across all severity levels (mild vs. moderate, p = 0.012; moderate vs. severe, p = 0.012; mild vs. severe, p < 0.001). PD and FI were strongly correlated with RNFL thickness in all quadrants (all p < 0.001), with the strongest correlation observed in the inferior region.
Conclusions: Vascular parameters were significantly decreased in glaucomatous eyes, and the degree of decrease in vascular parameters was proportional to glaucoma severity. Peripapillary perfusion analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography may complement other measurements used for glaucoma diagnosis.
{"title":"Peripapillary Perfusion Analysis Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Patients with Normal Tension Glaucoma.","authors":"Do Young Kim, Soojin Kim, Sang Ah Kim, Jun Mo Lee, Ji Hyun Kim","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0112","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the difference in the vascular parameters of perfusion in the optic nerve head in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) across disease stages using optical coherence tomography angiography and its correlation with peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 83 eyes with varying stages of NTG (25 mild, 31 moderate, and 27 severe) and 90 healthy eyes were enrolled. The perfusion density (PD) and flux index (FI) of the optic nerve head divided into four sectors were determined. We compared the vascular, structural, and functional parameters between normal and glaucomatous eyes and performed a subgroup analysis among the NTG stages. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the topographic correlation between vascular parameters and RNFL thickness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PD and FI were significantly decreased in the NTG group. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant decrease in vascular parameters in most regions in the NTG group, except for the nasal PD and temporal FI. Post hoc analysis showed a significant decrease in PD in the inferior region across all severity levels (mild vs. moderate, p = 0.012; moderate vs. severe, p = 0.012; mild vs. severe, p < 0.001). PD and FI were strongly correlated with RNFL thickness in all quadrants (all p < 0.001), with the strongest correlation observed in the inferior region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vascular parameters were significantly decreased in glaucomatous eyes, and the degree of decrease in vascular parameters was proportional to glaucoma severity. Peripapillary perfusion analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography may complement other measurements used for glaucoma diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10869420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138816191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To compare topical and peribulbar anesthesia in cataract surgery for hemodynamic changes, rate of complications and pain score in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Methods: A prospective comparative study at a tertiary care center in India. Patients >40 years old with treated/controlled hypertension and cardiovascular disease scheduled for cataract surgery under topical or peribulbar anesthesia were recruited. Heart rate, blood pressure, and ophthalmic and systemic complications were noted: preoperatively, immediately after block, intraoperatively, immediately postoperatively and 1 hour postoperatively. A visual analog scale was used to assess the pain score.
Results: A total of 150 patients (75 in each group) underwent cataract surgery. There was a significant rise in pulse rate and blood pressure after peribulbar injection and intraoperatively, which gradually reduced to baseline 1 hour after surgery in both groups (p < 0.001), with systolic blood pressure intraoperatively being significantly greater in the peribulbar group (155.49 ±18.14 mmHg vs. 147.95 ±17.71 mmHg, p = 0.01). The topical group had slightly lower visual analog scale scores (1.12 ± 0.99) than the peribulbar group (1.44 ± 0.90, p = 0.04).
Conclusions: Cataract surgery appears safe in patients with adequately controlled cardiovascular disease, and topical anesthesia may be preferable due to noninvasiveness, adequate analgesia, and minimal effect on hemodynamic parameters. Therefore, hemodynamically stable patients of cardiovascular disease undergoing uncomplicated cataract surgery may be counselled for topical anesthesia.
{"title":"Comparing Peribulbar and Topical Anesthesia in Cataract Surgery among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Geeta Behera, Akhilesh Kothari, Anandaraja Subramanian, Ramesh Jayaraman, Senthamizhan Rene","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0123","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare topical and peribulbar anesthesia in cataract surgery for hemodynamic changes, rate of complications and pain score in patients with cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective comparative study at a tertiary care center in India. Patients >40 years old with treated/controlled hypertension and cardiovascular disease scheduled for cataract surgery under topical or peribulbar anesthesia were recruited. Heart rate, blood pressure, and ophthalmic and systemic complications were noted: preoperatively, immediately after block, intraoperatively, immediately postoperatively and 1 hour postoperatively. A visual analog scale was used to assess the pain score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 150 patients (75 in each group) underwent cataract surgery. There was a significant rise in pulse rate and blood pressure after peribulbar injection and intraoperatively, which gradually reduced to baseline 1 hour after surgery in both groups (p < 0.001), with systolic blood pressure intraoperatively being significantly greater in the peribulbar group (155.49 ±18.14 mmHg vs. 147.95 ±17.71 mmHg, p = 0.01). The topical group had slightly lower visual analog scale scores (1.12 ± 0.99) than the peribulbar group (1.44 ± 0.90, p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cataract surgery appears safe in patients with adequately controlled cardiovascular disease, and topical anesthesia may be preferable due to noninvasiveness, adequate analgesia, and minimal effect on hemodynamic parameters. Therefore, hemodynamically stable patients of cardiovascular disease undergoing uncomplicated cataract surgery may be counselled for topical anesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10869419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-10-25DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0059
Min Gu Huh, Young Kook Kim, Jaekyoung Lee, Young In Shin, Yun Jeong Lee, Sooyeon Choe, Dai Woo Kim, Yoon Jeong, Jin Wook Jeoung, Ki Ho Park
Purpose: To investigate the relative risks (RRs) for dementia among individuals with glaucoma.
Methods: We conducted a search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for observational cohort studies examining the association between glaucoma and dementia until March 2023. Two authors independently screened all titles and abstracts according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pooled RR and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated using random-effect models.
Results: The meta-analysis included 18 cohort studies conducted in eight countries and involving 4,975,325 individuals. The pooled RR for the association between glaucoma and all-cause dementia was 1.314 (95% CI, 1.099-1.572; I2 = 95%). The pooled RRs for the associations of open-angle glaucoma with Alzheimer dementia and Parkinson disease were 1.287 (95% CI, 1.007-1.646; I2 = 96%) and 1.233 (95% CI, 0.677-2.243; I2 = 73%), respectively. The pooled RRs for the associations of angle-closure glaucoma with all-cause dementia and Alzheimer dementia were 0.978 (95% CI, 0.750-1.277; I2 = 17%) and 0.838 (95% CI, 0.421-1.669; I2 = 16%), respectively. No evidence of publication bias was detected in the Begg-Mazumdar adjusted rank correlation test (p = 0.47).
Conclusions: Based on current observational cohort studies, there is evidence supporting that glaucoma is a risk factor for dementia in the adult population.
目的:探讨青光眼患者患痴呆的相对风险。方法:我们在PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus和Cochrane数据库中进行了搜索,以进行观察性队列研究,研究青光眼与痴呆症之间的关系,直到2023年3月。两位作者根据预定义的纳入和排除标准独立筛选了所有标题和摘要。使用随机效应模型生成合并RR和95%CI。结果:荟萃分析包括在8个国家进行的18项队列研究,涉及4975325人。青光眼和全因痴呆之间相关性的合并RR为1.31(95%CI,1.10-1.57;I2=95%)。开角型青光眼(OAG)与阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)和帕金森氏症相关性的合并RR分别为1.29(95%CI,1.01-1.65;I2=96%)和1.23(95%CI:0.68-2.24;I2=73%)。闭角型青光眼(ACG)与全因性痴呆和AD相关性的合并RR分别为0.98(95%CI,0.75-1.28;I2=17%)和0.84(95%CI,0.42-1.67;I2=16%)。Begg和Mazumba校正秩相关检验中未发现发表偏倚的证据(P=0.47)。结论:根据目前的观察性队列研究,有证据支持青光眼是成年人群中痴呆症的危险因素。
{"title":"Relative Risks for Dementia among Individuals with Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Cohort Studies.","authors":"Min Gu Huh, Young Kook Kim, Jaekyoung Lee, Young In Shin, Yun Jeong Lee, Sooyeon Choe, Dai Woo Kim, Yoon Jeong, Jin Wook Jeoung, Ki Ho Park","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0059","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the relative risks (RRs) for dementia among individuals with glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for observational cohort studies examining the association between glaucoma and dementia until March 2023. Two authors independently screened all titles and abstracts according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pooled RR and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated using random-effect models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis included 18 cohort studies conducted in eight countries and involving 4,975,325 individuals. The pooled RR for the association between glaucoma and all-cause dementia was 1.314 (95% CI, 1.099-1.572; I2 = 95%). The pooled RRs for the associations of open-angle glaucoma with Alzheimer dementia and Parkinson disease were 1.287 (95% CI, 1.007-1.646; I2 = 96%) and 1.233 (95% CI, 0.677-2.243; I2 = 73%), respectively. The pooled RRs for the associations of angle-closure glaucoma with all-cause dementia and Alzheimer dementia were 0.978 (95% CI, 0.750-1.277; I2 = 17%) and 0.838 (95% CI, 0.421-1.669; I2 = 16%), respectively. No evidence of publication bias was detected in the Begg-Mazumdar adjusted rank correlation test (p = 0.47).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on current observational cohort studies, there is evidence supporting that glaucoma is a risk factor for dementia in the adult population.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-10-25DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0005
Jooye Park, Sung Ha Hwang, Dong Heun Nam, Dae Yeong Lee
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate changes in cytokine levels after intravitreal bevacizumab injection in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).
Methods: In a prospective interventional trial, 12 eyes from 12 patients with chronic CSC and six eyes from six patients who underwent cataract surgery were included as controls. Patients diagnosed as with CSC received a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL). Aqueous humor samples were collected from the patients and controls. Best-corrected visual acuity and foveal thickness were evaluated, and aqueous samples were obtained before and 4 weeks after injection. The aqueous concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, interferon-induced protein (IP)-10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured using a multiplex bead assay.
Results: After injection, the foveal thickness decreased significantly from 328.08 μm (range, 210-477 μm) to 283.91 μm (range, 168-356 μm; p = 0.048), but the best-corrected visual acuity was not significantly different (p = 0.066). The aqueous levels of IL-8 increased significantly from 3.3 pg/mL (range, 1.5-8.3 pg/mL) to 4.7 pg/mL (range, 2.2-11.6 pg/mL) at 4 weeks after the injection (p = 0.046). The aqueous levels of VEGF decreased significantly from 31.4 pg/mL (range, 17.0-53.3 pg/mL) to 15.2 pg/mL (range, 7.7-21.5 pg/mL; p < 0.01). No significant changes in levels of IL-6 (p = 0.455), IP-10 (p = 0.055), MCP-1 (p = 0.076), and PDGF-AA (p = 0.339) were noted 4 weeks after injection.
Conclusions: In this study we found intravitreal bevacizumab injection decreased VEGF and increased IL-8 in the eyes of patients with chronic CSC. This study suggests the possibility that the pathogenesis of CSC may be related to abnormal circulation of the choroidal blood vessels through VEGF and IL-8 cytokine level changes.
{"title":"Changes in Aqueous Concentrations of Various Cytokines after Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection for Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.","authors":"Jooye Park, Sung Ha Hwang, Dong Heun Nam, Dae Yeong Lee","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0005","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate changes in cytokine levels after intravitreal bevacizumab injection in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a prospective interventional trial, 12 eyes from 12 patients with chronic CSC and six eyes from six patients who underwent cataract surgery were included as controls. Patients diagnosed as with CSC received a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL). Aqueous humor samples were collected from the patients and controls. Best-corrected visual acuity and foveal thickness were evaluated, and aqueous samples were obtained before and 4 weeks after injection. The aqueous concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, interferon-induced protein (IP)-10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured using a multiplex bead assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After injection, the foveal thickness decreased significantly from 328.08 μm (range, 210-477 μm) to 283.91 μm (range, 168-356 μm; p = 0.048), but the best-corrected visual acuity was not significantly different (p = 0.066). The aqueous levels of IL-8 increased significantly from 3.3 pg/mL (range, 1.5-8.3 pg/mL) to 4.7 pg/mL (range, 2.2-11.6 pg/mL) at 4 weeks after the injection (p = 0.046). The aqueous levels of VEGF decreased significantly from 31.4 pg/mL (range, 17.0-53.3 pg/mL) to 15.2 pg/mL (range, 7.7-21.5 pg/mL; p < 0.01). No significant changes in levels of IL-6 (p = 0.455), IP-10 (p = 0.055), MCP-1 (p = 0.076), and PDGF-AA (p = 0.339) were noted 4 weeks after injection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study we found intravitreal bevacizumab injection decreased VEGF and increased IL-8 in the eyes of patients with chronic CSC. This study suggests the possibility that the pathogenesis of CSC may be related to abnormal circulation of the choroidal blood vessels through VEGF and IL-8 cytokine level changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-10-25DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0074
Juno Kim, Kyung Seek Choi
Purpose: To investigate a series of peripheral lattice degeneration cases using an ultra-widefield (UWF) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system.
Methods: From August 1, 2022 to July 31, 2023, 19 eyes from 16 patients with peripheral lattice degeneration were included. They all underwent a UWF SS-OCT examination. Anatomy of retina, vitreous, and associated pathologic changes were assessed.
Results: UWF SS-OCT showed various anatomical changes of retina and vitreous in patients with lattice degeneration. Of 15 eyes from 12 patients whose UWF SS-OCT images were clearly obtained, eight eyes showed regional retinal thinning, seven eyes showed vitreous traction, two eyes showed detached vitreous, and three eyes showed retinal break.
Conclusions: UWF SS-OCT can be a useful tool to understand anatomical changes and pathophysiology of peripheral lattice degeneration.
{"title":"Peripheral Lattice Degeneration Imaging with Ultra-Widefield Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography.","authors":"Juno Kim, Kyung Seek Choi","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0074","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate a series of peripheral lattice degeneration cases using an ultra-widefield (UWF) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From August 1, 2022 to July 31, 2023, 19 eyes from 16 patients with peripheral lattice degeneration were included. They all underwent a UWF SS-OCT examination. Anatomy of retina, vitreous, and associated pathologic changes were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UWF SS-OCT showed various anatomical changes of retina and vitreous in patients with lattice degeneration. Of 15 eyes from 12 patients whose UWF SS-OCT images were clearly obtained, eight eyes showed regional retinal thinning, seven eyes showed vitreous traction, two eyes showed detached vitreous, and three eyes showed retinal break.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UWF SS-OCT can be a useful tool to understand anatomical changes and pathophysiology of peripheral lattice degeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-10-25DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0066
Chan Young Yoon, Min Chul Shin, Patrick Kim, Yong Kyun Shin, Won Jun Kim
Purpose: To evaluate the role of performing photocoagulation up to ora serrata during vitrectomy in preventing recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (VH) in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
Methods: This retrospective, nonrandomized study included 60 eyes from 60 patients who had undergone PPV for VH due to PDR. These patients were divided into two groups: group 1, those who underwent photocoagulation up to ora serrata using the scleral indentation technique during surgery; and group 2, those who did not undergo scleral indentation when photocoagulation and underwent photocoagulation up to vortex veins. Their hospital records were analyzed to investigate the recurrence rate of VH, the time until recurrence of VH after surgery, logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measured before surgery and at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery, and the occurrence of complications such as neovascular glaucoma (NVG) during follow-up.
Results: Group 1 exhibited lower recurrence rate of VH (2 of 30 [6.7%] vs. 10 of 30 [33.3%], p = 0.01) and lower occurrence of postoperative NVG (2 of 30 [6.7%] vs. 8 of 30 [26.7%], p = 0.038) compared with group 2. There were no statistically significant differences in logMAR BCVA measured at 1, 2, and 3 years between the two groups (at 1 year: 0.54 ± 0.43 vs. 0.54 ± 0.44, p = 0.954; at 2 years: 0.48 ± 0.47 vs. 0.55 ± 0.64, p = 0.235; at 3 years: 0.51 ± 0.50 vs. 0.61 ± 0.77, p = 0.200). Logistic regression analysis showed that among several factors that could affect recurrence rate of VH, only range of photocoagulation performed was a statistically significant factor (odds ratio, 0.119; 95% confidence interval, 0.022-0.659; p = 0.015).
Conclusions: Photocoagulation treatment over a wider range with scleral indentation could be a beneficial adjunct procedure for preventing postoperative recurrent VH following diabetic vitrectomy.
{"title":"Photocoagulation Up to Ora Serrata in Diabetic Vitrectomy to Prevent Recurrent Vitreous Hemorrhage.","authors":"Chan Young Yoon, Min Chul Shin, Patrick Kim, Yong Kyun Shin, Won Jun Kim","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0066","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the role of performing photocoagulation up to ora serrata during vitrectomy in preventing recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (VH) in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, nonrandomized study included 60 eyes from 60 patients who had undergone PPV for VH due to PDR. These patients were divided into two groups: group 1, those who underwent photocoagulation up to ora serrata using the scleral indentation technique during surgery; and group 2, those who did not undergo scleral indentation when photocoagulation and underwent photocoagulation up to vortex veins. Their hospital records were analyzed to investigate the recurrence rate of VH, the time until recurrence of VH after surgery, logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measured before surgery and at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery, and the occurrence of complications such as neovascular glaucoma (NVG) during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group 1 exhibited lower recurrence rate of VH (2 of 30 [6.7%] vs. 10 of 30 [33.3%], p = 0.01) and lower occurrence of postoperative NVG (2 of 30 [6.7%] vs. 8 of 30 [26.7%], p = 0.038) compared with group 2. There were no statistically significant differences in logMAR BCVA measured at 1, 2, and 3 years between the two groups (at 1 year: 0.54 ± 0.43 vs. 0.54 ± 0.44, p = 0.954; at 2 years: 0.48 ± 0.47 vs. 0.55 ± 0.64, p = 0.235; at 3 years: 0.51 ± 0.50 vs. 0.61 ± 0.77, p = 0.200). Logistic regression analysis showed that among several factors that could affect recurrence rate of VH, only range of photocoagulation performed was a statistically significant factor (odds ratio, 0.119; 95% confidence interval, 0.022-0.659; p = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Photocoagulation treatment over a wider range with scleral indentation could be a beneficial adjunct procedure for preventing postoperative recurrent VH following diabetic vitrectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-10-30DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2023.0031
Chan Young Yoon, Juha Lee
{"title":"Abducens Nerve Palsy and Subretinal Fluid Related to Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Chan Young Yoon, Juha Lee","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0031","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the mean central corneal thickness (CCT) and mean intraocular pressure (IOP) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to determine the relationship between CCT and IOP on the one hand and age, sex, retinopathy hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and duration of diabetes on the other.
Methods: This is a case-control, hospital-based study conducted at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia between January and November 2022. Thirty-eight children with T1DM were recruited as cases, and 38 healthy children were recruited as controls. The cases and controls then underwent ophthalmic examination, IOP measurement, and CCT measurement using optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the right eye. The IOP measurements were adjusted for CCT for further analysis.
Results: The means of CCT and IOP values were significantly higher in the T1DM group than in the control group (all p = 0.02). The mean CCT was 542.18 ± 20.40 μm in the T1DM group, and 529.52 ± 26.17 μm in the control group. The mean IOP was 14.68 ± 1.98 mmHg in the T1DM group, and 13.52 ± 1.66 mmHg in the control group. The mean HbA1c was 10.68% ± 2.49% in the T1DM group. Age and duration of DM were found to have a significant association with CCT in children with T1DM. The duration of DM was also found to be significantly associated with the IOP. Sex and HbA1c levels were found to have no significant relationship with either CCT or IOP.
Conclusions: Children with T1DM have significantly higher CCT and IOP than the average child. The duration of DM is a significant factor that impacts both CCT and IOP. In addition, age is another factor that affects CCT in children with T1DM.
{"title":"Central Corneal Thickness and Intraocular Pressure in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Mohmad Zulhisham, Hussain Suhaimi, Ismail Shatriah","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0040","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2023.0040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to determine the mean central corneal thickness (CCT) and mean intraocular pressure (IOP) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to determine the relationship between CCT and IOP on the one hand and age, sex, retinopathy hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and duration of diabetes on the other.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a case-control, hospital-based study conducted at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia between January and November 2022. Thirty-eight children with T1DM were recruited as cases, and 38 healthy children were recruited as controls. The cases and controls then underwent ophthalmic examination, IOP measurement, and CCT measurement using optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the right eye. The IOP measurements were adjusted for CCT for further analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The means of CCT and IOP values were significantly higher in the T1DM group than in the control group (all p = 0.02). The mean CCT was 542.18 ± 20.40 μm in the T1DM group, and 529.52 ± 26.17 μm in the control group. The mean IOP was 14.68 ± 1.98 mmHg in the T1DM group, and 13.52 ± 1.66 mmHg in the control group. The mean HbA1c was 10.68% ± 2.49% in the T1DM group. Age and duration of DM were found to have a significant association with CCT in children with T1DM. The duration of DM was also found to be significantly associated with the IOP. Sex and HbA1c levels were found to have no significant relationship with either CCT or IOP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children with T1DM have significantly higher CCT and IOP than the average child. The duration of DM is a significant factor that impacts both CCT and IOP. In addition, age is another factor that affects CCT in children with T1DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}