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Joint Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding and Optimum Transmit Power Allocation for SC-FDMA SC-FDMA的联合Tomlinson-Harashima预编码和最佳发射功率分配
Pub Date : 2010-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506433
Mohamed Noune, A. Nix
Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) has been selected as the uplink transmission scheme in the 3GPP Long Term Evolution standard. SC-FDMA has reduced sensitivity to phase noise and a lower Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) compared to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access. In this paper we propose joint Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding and transmit power allocation for SC-FDMA. We derive the optimum power allocation for SC-FDMA transmission for both Zero-Forcing (ZF) and Minimum Mean-Square Error (MMSE) LE receivers in order to maximize the achievable data rate subject to constant transmit power. Although this improves the system's performance and offers a 1-2 dB improvement over Frequency-Domain Decision Feedback Equalization (FD-DFE), when the proposed transmit power allocation scheme is combined with decision feedback equalization the system incurs a performance degradation due to error propagation. In this paper we propose a joint implementation of the derived power allocation scheme with THP. Here we show that the system's performance is further improved over both FD-LE and FD-DFE when transmit power allocation is applied.
3GPP长期演进标准中选择了单载波频分多址(SC-FDMA)作为上行传输方案。与正交频分多址相比,SC-FDMA降低了对相位噪声的灵敏度和更低的峰均功率比(PAPR)。本文提出了SC-FDMA的联合Tomlinson-Harashima预编码和发射功率分配。我们推导了零强制(ZF)和最小均方误差(MMSE) LE接收机的SC-FDMA传输的最佳功率分配,以便在恒定的发射功率下最大化可实现的数据速率。虽然这提高了系统的性能,并且比频域决策反馈均衡(FD-DFE)提供了1-2 dB的改进,但当所提出的发射功率分配方案与决策反馈均衡相结合时,由于误差传播,系统会导致性能下降。在本文中,我们提出了一种与THP联合实现的衍生功率分配方案。本文的研究表明,当采用发射功率分配时,系统的性能比FD-LE和FD-DFE都有进一步的提高。
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引用次数: 0
Early and Lightweight Distributed Detection of Node Replication Attack in Sensor Networks 传感器网络中节点复制攻击的早期轻量级分布式检测
Pub Date : 2010-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506482
T. Dai, J. Agbinya
An increasing body of protocols has been proposed in recent years for detecting node replication attack in sensor networks. Most of them however expose the following limitations: high performance overheads, unreasonable assumptions, etc. To address these issues, we propose two new protocols in this paper: LANCE and SACRED. LANCE is designed to be light-weight in performance at the cost of slightly weaker security robustness while SACRED obtains much greater security by trading off small performance. Theoretical analysis and simulations have also been conducted to evaluate the protocols in terms of security features and performance overheads.
近年来,越来越多的传感器网络节点复制攻击检测协议被提出。然而,它们中的大多数都暴露出以下局限性:高性能开销、不合理的假设等。为了解决这些问题,本文提出了两个新的协议:LANCE和SACRED。LANCE被设计为轻量级的性能,其代价是稍弱的安全性健壮性,而SACRED通过牺牲较小的性能来获得更高的安全性。还进行了理论分析和模拟,以评估协议的安全特性和性能开销。
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引用次数: 11
On the Performance of Pilot Symbol Assisted Modulation for Cooperative Systems with Imperfect Channel Estimation 不完全信道估计下合作系统导频符号辅助调制性能研究
Pub Date : 2010-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506613
M. J. Taghiyar, S. Muhaidat, Jie Liang
In this paper, we analyze the impact of imperfect channel estimation on the performance of pilot symbol assisted modulation (PSAM) used in a relay communication system with distributed space time block code (STBC) and amplify-and-forward protocol. We derive correlation coefficients between the channel coefficients and their estimates when the relay-to-destination link is either non-fading or fading, in terms of Doppler frequency, number of pilot symbols and SNR. This enables us to choose the optimum number of pilot symbols to compensate for the estimation error when the fading and Doppler effects are severe. Our performance analysis demonstrates that the presence of fading in the relay-to-destination link manifests itself by introducing additional Doppler frequency terms. Furthermore, we derive a tight lower bound for the bit error rate (BER) of BPSK modulation with channel estimation errors in terms of cross correlation coeffcients and the number of pilot symbols. Simulation results are also presented to validate our analytical results.
本文分析了不完全信道估计对采用分布式空时分组码(STBC)和放大转发协议的中继通信系统中导频符号辅助调制(PSAM)性能的影响。根据多普勒频率、导频符号数和信噪比,我们推导了中继到目的地链路非衰落或衰落时信道系数与其估计之间的相关系数。这使我们能够在衰落和多普勒效应严重时选择最优的导频符号数来补偿估计误差。我们的性能分析表明,在中继到目的地链路中存在的衰落通过引入额外的多普勒频率项表现出来。此外,我们还根据信道估计误差的相互关联系数和导频符号数,推导出了BPSK调制的误码率(BER)的严格下界。仿真结果验证了本文的分析结果。
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引用次数: 18
Extensions of VCP to Enhance the Performance in High BDP and Wireless Networks 扩展VCP以增强高BDP和无线网络中的性能
Pub Date : 2010-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506132
Yoshihiro Ikeda, Hiroki Nishiyama, N. Ansari, Y. Nemoto, N. Kato
While Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the most popular transport protocol used in terrestrial networks, its performance is not adequate in wireless networks with long delay, e.g., satellite networks. Though some improvements of TCP and new transport protocols have been proposed, we focus on Variable-structure congestion Control Protocol (VCP) designed for high Bandwidth Delay Product (BDP) networks. In VCP, Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) is used to generate the feedback signal from routers to sources in order to notify the utilization ratio of a bottleneck link. By adjusting its congestion window according to the network traffic conditions, VCP is able to achieve high link utilization even in high BDP networks. However, VCP requires a long time to fill the link capacity due to its more conservative window control mechanism than the slow start phase in TCP. In addition, throughput is unnecessarily degraded in VCP due to packet losses in wireless environments. In this paper, to address these issues, we propose two extensions of VCP, namely Bandwidth-Independent Start-up Extension (BISE) and Wireless Loss Tolerant Extension (WLTE). BISE can quickly increase its congestion window in the start-up phase. WLTE can maintain high throughput in wireless environments. The performance of the proposed schemes is evaluated through computer simulations. The results demonstrate that the proposed schemes dramatically improve the performance of VCP in the initial phase and also in wireless environments.
传输控制协议(TCP)是地面网络中最常用的传输协议,但在卫星网络等时延较大的无线网络中,TCP的传输性能并不理想。虽然已经提出了一些对TCP的改进和新的传输协议,但我们的重点是为高带宽延迟产品(BDP)网络设计的变结构拥塞控制协议(VCP)。在VCP中,显式拥塞通知(ECN)用于从路由器到源产生反馈信号,以通知瓶颈链路的利用率。通过根据网络流量情况调整拥塞窗口,即使在高BDP网络中,VCP也能实现较高的链路利用率。但是,与TCP的慢启动阶段相比,VCP的窗口控制机制更为保守,需要较长的时间来填充链路容量。此外,由于无线环境中的数据包丢失,VCP中的吞吐量会不必要地降低。在本文中,为了解决这些问题,我们提出了两种VCP扩展,即带宽无关启动扩展(BISE)和无线容错扩展(WLTE)。BISE可以在启动阶段迅速增加其拥塞窗口。WLTE可以在无线环境中保持高吞吐量。通过计算机仿真对所提方案的性能进行了评价。结果表明,所提出的方案在初始阶段和无线环境下都显著提高了VCP的性能。
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引用次数: 3
Analysis of Energy Efficiency of a Busy Tone Based Cooperative MAC Protocol for Multi-Rate WLANs 基于忙音的多速率无线局域网协同MAC协议的能效分析
Pub Date : 2010-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506270
S. Sayed, Yang Yang, Haiyou Guo, Honglin Hu
High energy consumption at mobile devices is a critical issue for end users to access and enjoy high data-rate multimedia applications and services in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). This paper develops an analytical framework for analyzing and comparing the energy efficiency performance of IEEE 802.11n Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol and a Busy Tone Based Cooperative MAC Protocol(namely BTAC) in multi-rate WLANs. Our proposed analytical model considers the impact of dynamic radio channel conditions and multi-rate transmission scenarios. Analytical and simulation results show that BTAC can achieve up to 50% energy saving, comparing to the IEEE 802.11n MAC protocol, under different radio channel conditions, network sizes and traffic loads.
移动设备的高能耗是终端用户在无线局域网(wlan)中访问和享受高数据速率多媒体应用和服务的关键问题。本文开发了一个分析框架,用于分析和比较IEEE 802.11n介质访问控制(MAC)协议和基于忙音的协同MAC协议(BTAC)在多速率无线局域网中的能效性能。我们提出的分析模型考虑了动态无线电信道条件和多速率传输场景的影响。分析和仿真结果表明,在不同的无线信道条件、网络规模和流量负载下,与IEEE 802.11n MAC协议相比,BTAC可实现高达50%的节能。
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引用次数: 5
Joint Optimization for Proportional Fairness in OFDMA Relay-Enhanced Cellular Networks OFDMA中继增强蜂窝网络比例公平性联合优化
Pub Date : 2010-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506125
Liping Wang, Yusheng Ji, Fuqiang Liu
The deployment of relay stations in OFDMA cellular networks is a promising solution to provide ubiquitous high- data-rate coverage. However, it makes the resource allocation a more crucial and challenging task. In OFDMA relay-enhanced cellular networks, we formulate the optimal instantaneous resource allocation problem including path selection, power allocation and subchannel scheduling to achieve the proportional fairness in the long term. We first propose a low-complex resource allocation algorithm named 'VF w PF' under the constant uniform power allocation, and then use a void filling method to make full use of the wasted resources caused by the unbalanced data rates of the two hops in a relaying path. We further use a dual decomposition approach to solve the original optimization problem efficiently in its Lagrangian dual domain, and propose a modified iterative water-filling algorithm named 'PA w PF'. Simulation results show that our resource allocation algorithms improve the throughput for cell-edge users, and achieve a tradeoff between system throughput maximization and fairness among users. Moreover, compared with the constant power allocation, the optimal power allocation can not gain much in system throughput but can significantly improve the throughput for cell-edge users and also the fairness.
在OFDMA蜂窝网络中部署中继站是一种很有前途的解决方案,可以提供无处不在的高数据速率覆盖。然而,它使资源分配成为一项更加关键和具有挑战性的任务。在OFDMA中继增强蜂窝网络中,我们制定了包括路径选择、功率分配和子信道调度在内的最优瞬时资源分配问题,以实现长期的比例公平性。首先提出了一种恒均匀功率分配下的低复杂度资源分配算法“VF w PF”,然后利用空白填充法充分利用中继路径中两跳数据速率不平衡所造成的资源浪费。在此基础上,利用对偶分解方法在拉格朗日对偶域高效求解原优化问题,并提出了一种改进的迭代注水算法“PA w PF”。仿真结果表明,我们的资源分配算法提高了蜂窝边缘用户的吞吐量,实现了系统吞吐量最大化和用户间公平性之间的平衡。此外,与恒功率分配相比,最优功率分配不会增加系统吞吐量,但可以显著提高蜂窝边缘用户的吞吐量和公平性。
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引用次数: 18
Global Grassroots WiFi Sharing 全球草根WiFi共享
Pub Date : 2010-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506697
W. Kiess, Till Elsner, B. Scheuermann, M. Mauve
Access point sharing communities are an attractive solution for low-cost global mobile Internet access. However, existing communities all require a central authority in form of a certificate authority or an authentication server. In his paper, we show how such a community network can be created without a central entity. We introduce a mechanism called remote station approval; a host can use it to offer Internet access without requiring a central instance and without the risk of legal responsibility for the guests' traffic. We discuss how our system preserves the anonymity of its users and present a prototype implementation and some first performance figures.
接入点共享社区是一种具有吸引力的低成本全球移动互联网接入解决方案。但是,现有的社区都需要一个以证书颁发机构或身份验证服务器形式存在的中央权威机构。在他的论文中,我们展示了如何在没有中心实体的情况下创建这样一个社区网络。我们引入了一种叫做远程站审批的机制;主机可以使用它来提供互联网访问,而不需要一个中央实例,也不需要为客人的流量承担法律责任的风险。我们讨论了我们的系统如何保持其用户的匿名性,并给出了一个原型实现和一些初步性能数据。
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引用次数: 2
Coalition Formation Games for Bandwidth Sharing in Vehicle-To-Roadside Communications 车路通信中带宽共享的联盟形成博弈
Pub Date : 2010-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506502
D. Niyato, Ping Wang, W. Saad, A. Hjørungnes
In vehicular-to-roadside (V2R) communications the bandwidth from roadside units (RSUs) can be shared among the vehicular users in order to improve the resource utilization and reduce the costs of bandwidth reservation. We formulate a coalitional game model to analyze the situation in which multiple vehicular users can cooperate for sharing the bandwidth from serving RSUs. First, we consider a emph{rational coalition formation} approach in which each vehicular user is self-interested, and, hence, decides to join the coalition which maximizes its individual utility. For this approach, we propose a dynamic model based on Markov chain which allows to obtain a stable coalitional structure. Further, for implementation of rational coalition formation, we propose a distributed algorithm based on well-defined merge and split mechanisms. Then, we consider the optimal coalition formation process in which the coalitions are formed so that the social welfare of all vehicular users is maximized. The performance evaluation shows that optimal coalition formation yields a higher utility than rational coalition formation due to the group-interest of all vehicular users. Also, both optimal and rational coalition formation achieve a significantly higher utility than the case without bandwidth sharing (non-cooperative case).
在车路通信中,为了提高资源利用率和降低带宽预留成本,路边单元(rsu)的带宽可以在车辆用户之间共享。我们建立了一个联盟博弈模型,分析了多个车辆用户可以合作共享服务rsu的带宽的情况。首先,我们考虑了一种emph{合理的联盟形成}方法,其中每个车辆用户都是自利的,因此决定加入其个人效用最大化的联盟。对于这种方法,我们提出了一个基于马尔可夫链的动态模型,该模型允许获得稳定的联盟结构。此外,为了实现合理的联盟形成,我们提出了一种基于明确定义的合并和分裂机制的分布式算法。然后,考虑最优联盟形成过程,使所有车辆用户的社会福利最大化。绩效评价表明,由于所有车辆用户的群体利益,最优联盟形成比合理联盟形成产生更高的效用。此外,最优和合理的联盟形成都比没有带宽共享的情况(非合作情况)获得了显著更高的效用。
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引用次数: 26
General Sink Location Service Based on Circle and Line Paths in Wireless Sensor Networks 无线传感器网络中基于圆路径和线路径的通用汇聚定位服务
Pub Date : 2010-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506634
Euisin Lee, Fucai Yu, Soochang Park, Juhyun Jung, Sang-Ha Kim, Sungkee Noh
In wireless sensor networks, a geographic routing requests source nodes (sensor nodes) to know location information of destination nodes (sinks) to send their data. To address this issue, many sink location service schemes have been proposed in the literature. They are designed to support only one communication mode such as unicast, anycast, manycast, or multicast communication modes. However, because an application can have one or more communication modes or a sensor network can operate several applications with each communication mode, it is necessary for a scheme to support all communication modes. Hence, we propose a general sink location service scheme for supporting all communication modes. The proposed scheme modifies the basic idea of the existing one proposed for unicast communication mode and extends it for supporting all communication modes. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is superior to other sink location service schemes when supporting all communication modes.
在无线传感器网络中,地理路由要求源节点(传感器节点)知道目的节点(sink)的位置信息,以便发送它们的数据。为了解决这一问题,文献中提出了许多接收器定位服务方案。它们被设计为只支持一种通信模式,如单播、任意播、多播或多播通信模式。但是,由于应用程序可以具有一种或多种通信模式,或者传感器网络可以使用每种通信模式运行多个应用程序,因此方案必须支持所有通信模式。因此,我们提出了一种支持所有通信模式的通用接收器定位服务方案。该方案对现有的单播通信模式方案的基本思想进行了改进,并将其扩展为支持所有通信模式。仿真结果表明,在支持所有通信模式的情况下,该方案优于其他的sink定位服务方案。
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引用次数: 2
Performance Evaluation of Communication System Proposed for Oceanic Air Traffic Control 海洋空中交通管制通信系统性能评价
Pub Date : 2010-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2010.5506259
Dac-Tu Ho, Jingyu Park, S. Shimamoto, J. Kitaori
This paper introduces a new kind of communication system that is proposed for oceanic air traffic control, especially works under the high air traffic conditions. The aircraft position reports are sent to the ground controllers by relaying them via other aircrafts. To do so, multi-hop ad-hoc networks that are based on these aircrafts is proposed to use. In addition, a proper multiple access scheme with optimal values is also proposed that allows the aircrafts to operate autonomously in a valid region. Furthermore, with accurate time obtained from equipped means, the Position aided-autonomous idle timeslot reuse scheme (PA-AITR) is proposed to reuse the idle timeslots caused by the sparse aircraft distributions. And another scheme, that is proposed to improve the connectivity under sparse aircraft distributions; which is aided by interference power in the feedback information (IB-NS). In all, the combined conditions and schemes show the applicability to utilize this system for future air traffic control communications.
本文介绍了一种适用于海洋空中交通管制的新型通信系统,特别是适用于高空中交通条件下的通信系统。飞机位置报告通过其他飞机传送给地面控制人员。为此,建议使用基于这些飞机的多跳自组织网络。此外,还提出了一种具有最优值的适当多址方案,使飞机能够在有效区域内自主运行。在此基础上,提出了位置辅助自主空闲时隙复用方案(PA-AITR),对飞机稀疏分布导致的空闲时隙进行复用。提出了一种改进稀疏平面分布下的连通性的方案;这是由反馈信息(IB-NS)中的干扰功率辅助的。综上所述,综合条件和方案表明了该系统在未来空中交通管制通信中的适用性。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference
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