India’s per capita apparel consumption has been lower than other countries, however, it is steadily rising. India is poised to be the world’s sixth largest apparel market by 2022 (pre-COVID 19 estimate). The textile and apparel sector requires large amounts of non-renewable resource inputs causing social and environmental pressures. Key Findings Our survey suggests that buyers of secondhand clothing are more likely to be young (under 35) and female. Hygiene and the condition of clothes were reported as the top two barriers for respondents to purchase secondhand clothes. Respondents wanted to be assured of hygiene and the condition of secondhand clothes before they purchased them. Respondents are motivated by low price and the reduced environmental impact to purchase secondhand clothes. Our survey suggests that environmentally conscious respondents ensured that their overall purchases did not increase when they purchased secondhand. The formal secondhand clothing market in India is still in its early stages of consumer adoption, and there are opportunities to boost new circular business models such as resale. Our survey suggests that reuse business models can offer an opportunity for stakeholders to be both a buyer as well as a seller of secondhand clothing.
{"title":"Secondhand Shopping: Understanding Consumer Behavior toward Pre-owned Clothing in India","authors":"Chirag Gajjar, Priyal Shah","doi":"10.46830/WRIPN.20.00035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46830/WRIPN.20.00035","url":null,"abstract":"India’s per capita apparel consumption has been lower than other countries, however, it is steadily rising. India is poised to be the world’s sixth largest apparel market by 2022 (pre-COVID 19 estimate). The textile and apparel sector requires large amounts of non-renewable resource inputs causing social and environmental pressures. Key Findings Our survey suggests that buyers of secondhand clothing are more likely to be young (under 35) and female. Hygiene and the condition of clothes were reported as the top two barriers for respondents to purchase secondhand clothes. Respondents wanted to be assured of hygiene and the condition of secondhand clothes before they purchased them. Respondents are motivated by low price and the reduced environmental impact to purchase secondhand clothes. Our survey suggests that environmentally conscious respondents ensured that their overall purchases did not increase when they purchased secondhand. The formal secondhand clothing market in India is still in its early stages of consumer adoption, and there are opportunities to boost new circular business models such as resale. Our survey suggests that reuse business models can offer an opportunity for stakeholders to be both a buyer as well as a seller of secondhand clothing.","PeriodicalId":102640,"journal":{"name":"WRI Publications","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129865178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change is impacting human health and straining heavily burdened health services everywhere. Recognition of the linkages between climate change and health systems, such as shifts in vector-borne diseases and decreased access to services, is growing, yet many countries are still struggling both to mainstream, or integrate, climate adaptation into their health plans and to implement activities on the ground. This paper shares case studies from Fiji, Ghana, and Benin, three countries making progress with mainstreaming climate change adaptation into planning and implementation in health systems. The authors outline the enabling factors, challenges and lessons learned across these three countries, followed by recommendations to mainstream climate adaptation and build climate resilience in the health sector.
{"title":"Mainstreaming Climate Adaptation Planning and Action into Health Systems in Fiji, Ghana, and Benin","authors":"S. Tye, Jacob Waslander","doi":"10.46830/WRIWP.19.00119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46830/WRIWP.19.00119","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is impacting human health and straining heavily burdened health services everywhere. Recognition of the linkages between climate change and health systems, such as shifts in vector-borne diseases and decreased access to services, is growing, yet many countries are still struggling both to mainstream, or integrate, climate adaptation into their health plans and to implement activities on the ground. This paper shares case studies from Fiji, Ghana, and Benin, three countries making progress with mainstreaming climate change adaptation into planning and implementation in health systems. The authors outline the enabling factors, challenges and lessons learned across these three countries, followed by recommendations to mainstream climate adaptation and build climate resilience in the health sector.","PeriodicalId":102640,"journal":{"name":"WRI Publications","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127245407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher Moon, Albert Amos, Prerna Mehta, Luana Betti, Henrique Evers
Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) strategies can improve connectivity between housing and employment centers, green spaces, and community facilities by supporting both local environmental sustainability objectives, through more efficient use of land, and “complete” streets, by creating safer infrastructure for pedestrians and bicyclists, leading to potential modal shifts. Enabling conditions for TOD may include changes in land-use regulation and other statutory provisions to create an integrated regulatory framework. TOD requires robust stakeholder engagement and institutional coordination during planning and implementation. Financing mechanisms cities have used to fund TOD include Land Value Capture, a strategy based on expected increases in land values due to infrastructure investments. These mechanisms have been used to generate revenues such as Tax Increment Financing (TIF) and a wide range of taxes and fees. Cities should be aware of the potential negative impacts of TOD, such as displacement and gentrification. Effective and inclusive TOD strategies should be accompanied by land management strategies that mitigate these impacts, including having policies in place to ensure the preservation and expansion of affordable housing. There is typically a lag of at least 5 to 10 years before the economic and financial impacts of TOD investments are fully realized, thus requiring the need for patient capital, well-structured deals and financial instruments, and proper governance.
{"title":"10 Questions to Ask About Planning, Financing and Implementing Transit Oriented Development Strategies","authors":"Christopher Moon, Albert Amos, Prerna Mehta, Luana Betti, Henrique Evers","doi":"10.46830/WRIWP.19.00144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46830/WRIWP.19.00144","url":null,"abstract":"Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) strategies can improve connectivity between housing and employment centers, green spaces, and community facilities by supporting both local environmental sustainability objectives, through more efficient use of land, and “complete” streets, by creating safer infrastructure for pedestrians and bicyclists, leading to potential modal shifts. Enabling conditions for TOD may include changes in land-use regulation and other statutory provisions to create an integrated regulatory framework. TOD requires robust stakeholder engagement and institutional coordination during planning and implementation. Financing mechanisms cities have used to fund TOD include Land Value Capture, a strategy based on expected increases in land values due to infrastructure investments. These mechanisms have been used to generate revenues such as Tax Increment Financing (TIF) and a wide range of taxes and fees. Cities should be aware of the potential negative impacts of TOD, such as displacement and gentrification. Effective and inclusive TOD strategies should be accompanied by land management strategies that mitigate these impacts, including having policies in place to ensure the preservation and expansion of affordable housing. There is typically a lag of at least 5 to 10 years before the economic and financial impacts of TOD investments are fully realized, thus requiring the need for patient capital, well-structured deals and financial instruments, and proper governance.","PeriodicalId":102640,"journal":{"name":"WRI Publications","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125705621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Fransen, K. Lebling, Debbie K. Weyl, Kevin J. Kennedy
CONTENTS Executive Summary ....................................... 1 1. The Decarbonization Challenge for Cement and Concrete .................................. 5 2. The Cement and Concrete Sector .....................7 3. Decarbonizing the Cement and Concrete Industry ..................................... 10 4. Designing a Low-Carbon Cement Standard ......... 11 5. Legal Avenues for a Low-Carbon Cement Standard ......................................17 6. Conclusions and Recommendations .................17 Appendices ............................................... 19 Abbreviations ............................................23 Endnotes..................................................23 References ............................................... 24 Acknowledgments .......................................33
{"title":"Toward a Tradable Low-Carbon Cement Standard: Policy Design Considerations for the United States","authors":"T. Fransen, K. Lebling, Debbie K. Weyl, Kevin J. Kennedy","doi":"10.46830/WRIWP.20.00112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46830/WRIWP.20.00112","url":null,"abstract":"CONTENTS Executive Summary ....................................... 1 1. The Decarbonization Challenge for Cement and Concrete .................................. 5 2. The Cement and Concrete Sector .....................7 3. Decarbonizing the Cement and Concrete Industry ..................................... 10 4. Designing a Low-Carbon Cement Standard ......... 11 5. Legal Avenues for a Low-Carbon Cement Standard ......................................17 6. Conclusions and Recommendations .................17 Appendices ............................................... 19 Abbreviations ............................................23 Endnotes..................................................23 References ............................................... 24 Acknowledgments .......................................33","PeriodicalId":102640,"journal":{"name":"WRI Publications","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117110524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CONTENTS Executive Summary ....................................... 1 1. What Is the Context for Developing Corporate Mitigation Strategies? .................................. 3 2. What Are NBS, and Why Are They Important? ...... 4 3. What Are the Unique Attributes of NBS? ............. 6 4. Why Is Further Guidance Needed on the Use of NBS as Offsets? ................................ 8 5. How Do the Potential Uses of NBS Differ by Sector? .. 10 6. What Are the Concerns about Using NBS as Offsets? ...12 7. What Risk Management Measures Should Accompany the Use of NBS as Offsets? ............. 13 8. What Is the Current State of Discussions on the Use of NBS as Offsets? ....................... 15 9. What Can Companies Do Now? ..................... 18 Appendices ...............................................20 Endnotes; Glossary ......................................22
{"title":"Consideration of Nature-Based Solutions as Offsets in Corporate Climate Change Mitigation Strategies","authors":"F. Seymour, Paige Langer","doi":"10.46830/WRIWP.20.00043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46830/WRIWP.20.00043","url":null,"abstract":"CONTENTS Executive Summary ....................................... 1 1. What Is the Context for Developing Corporate Mitigation Strategies? .................................. 3 2. What Are NBS, and Why Are They Important? ...... 4 3. What Are the Unique Attributes of NBS? ............. 6 4. Why Is Further Guidance Needed on the Use of NBS as Offsets? ................................ 8 5. How Do the Potential Uses of NBS Differ by Sector? .. 10 6. What Are the Concerns about Using NBS as Offsets? ...12 7. What Risk Management Measures Should Accompany the Use of NBS as Offsets? ............. 13 8. What Is the Current State of Discussions on the Use of NBS as Offsets? ....................... 15 9. What Can Companies Do Now? ..................... 18 Appendices ...............................................20 Endnotes; Glossary ......................................22","PeriodicalId":102640,"journal":{"name":"WRI Publications","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125695595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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