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On the Benefits of RAN Virtualisation in C-RAN Based Mobile Networks 基于C-RAN的移动网络中RAN虚拟化的好处
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.37
Alex Dawson, M. Marina, Francisco J. Garcia
With ever growing data traffic the traditional mobile network architecture is struggling to cope. Network densification using heterogeneous networks supported by Cloud-RAN is one of the core concepts in terms of physical resources. The system achieves increased capacity by reducing the number of devices (commonly refered to as user equipment - UE) connected to any individual cell. Cloud-RAN decouples the baseband processing from the radio units, allowing the processing power to be pooled at a central location thus reducing the required redundancy. The decoupling also supports innovation in many other RAN technologies by simplifying intercell coordination. While Cloud-RAN differs significantly from traditional base station architectures, interactions with the core network do not reflect these differences. We argue that there is a strong need for an intermediate stage that will reconcile the core network and Cloud-RAN. In this paper we propose a virtual network architecture for Cloud-RAN base stations that will allow us to present the core network with an abstracted view of the physical network. By logically grouping macro cells with collocated small cells we can provide the core network with a simplified overview, reducing signalling overhead. Meanwhile, low latency decisions, such as cell load balancing and interference management, can be made entirely within the Cloud-RAN base station. We present practical applications of the proposed scheme and assess its interoperability with other improvements to the wider infrastructure proposed in related works. The principles presented in this paper lend themselves to evolving key concepts and themes for future 5G networks and beyond.
随着数据流量的不断增长,传统的移动网络架构难以应对。利用Cloud-RAN支持的异构网络进行网络致密化是物理资源方面的核心概念之一。该系统通过减少连接到任何单个小区的设备(通常称为用户设备- UE)的数量来增加容量。Cloud-RAN将基带处理与无线电单元分离,允许处理能力集中在中心位置,从而减少所需的冗余。这种解耦还通过简化细胞间协调来支持许多其他RAN技术的创新。虽然Cloud-RAN与传统基站架构有很大不同,但与核心网络的交互并不反映这些差异。我们认为,迫切需要一个中间阶段来协调核心网和Cloud-RAN。在本文中,我们提出了一种用于Cloud-RAN基站的虚拟网络架构,它将允许我们用物理网络的抽象视图来呈现核心网络。通过将宏单元与并置的小单元进行逻辑分组,我们可以为核心网络提供一个简化的概述,从而减少信令开销。同时,低延迟决策,如小区负载平衡和干扰管理,可以完全在Cloud-RAN基站内完成。我们将介绍建议方案的实际应用,并评估其与相关工作中提出的更广泛基础设施的其他改进的互操作性。本文提出的原则有助于发展未来5G网络及以后的关键概念和主题。
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引用次数: 32
Leading the OFELIA Facility Beyond OpenFlow 1.0 Experimentations 引领OFELIA设施超越OpenFlow 1.0实验
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.20
Michele Santuari, R. D. Corin, M. Gerola, E. Salvadori, U. Toseef, A. Zaalouk, K. Dombek, D. Parniewicz, A. Hammad, Mehdi Rashidi-Fard, E. Jacob, J. Matías
Nowadays, several devices supporting OpenFlow versions beyond 1.0 are available on the market. However, existent OpenFlow testbeds like OFELIA do not provide support for such devices, therefore it is hard for the research community to explore and test the newest functionalities of the protocol in realistic environments. This paper gives a short overview of two different architectures investigated within the FP7 ALIEN project that both aim to overcome this limitation within the OFELIA experimental facility.
现在,市场上有几种支持OpenFlow 1.0以上版本的设备。然而,现有的OpenFlow测试平台(如OFELIA)不支持此类设备,因此研究团体很难在现实环境中探索和测试协议的最新功能。本文简要概述了FP7 ALIEN项目中研究的两种不同架构,这两种架构都旨在克服OFELIA实验设施中的这一限制。
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引用次数: 1
Fast Recovery in Software-Defined Networks 软件定义网络中的快速恢复
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.13
Niels L. M. van Adrichem, B. J. V. Asten, F. Kuipers
Although Software-Defined Networking and its implementation OpenFlow facilitate managing networks and enable dynamic network configuration, recovering from network failures in a timely manner remains non-trivial. The process of (a) detecting the failure, (b) communicating it to the controller and (c) recomputing the new shortest paths may result in an unacceptably long recovery time. In this paper, we demonstrate that current solutions, employing both reactive restoration or proactive protection, indeed suffer long delays. We introduce a failover scheme with per-link Bidirectional Forwarding Detection sessions and preconfigured primary and secondary paths computed by an OpenFlow controller. Our implementation reduces the recovery time by an order of magnitude compared to related work, which is confirmed by experimental evaluation in a variety of topologies. Furthermore, the recovery time is shown to be constant irrespective of path length and network size.
尽管软件定义网络及其实现OpenFlow简化了网络管理和动态网络配置,但及时从网络故障中恢复仍然不是一件容易的事情。(a)检测故障,(b)与控制器通信,(c)重新计算新的最短路径的过程可能导致不可接受的长恢复时间。在本文中,我们证明了当前的解决方案,采用被动恢复或主动保护,确实遭受长时间的延迟。我们介绍了一种故障转移方案,该方案具有每链路双向转发检测会话和由OpenFlow控制器计算的预配置主路径和从路径。与相关工作相比,我们的实现将恢复时间减少了一个数量级,这在各种拓扑结构中的实验评估中得到了证实。此外,无论路径长度和网络大小,恢复时间都是恒定的。
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引用次数: 204
The QueuePusher: Enabling Queue Management in OpenFlow QueuePusher:启用OpenFlow中的队列管理
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.34
David Palma, João Gonçalves, B. Sousa, Luís Cordeiro, P. Simões, Sachin Sharma, D. Staessens
The evolution of Software-Defined Networking and the overall acceptance of protocols such as OpenFlow, demonstrates the added value of decoupling the data plane from the control plane. Existing SDN Controllers enable the expected flexibility from such networks by dynamically providing a fine-grained control of each flow. However, hardware-specific configurations, such as the creation of queues or other mechanisms is out of the scope of these controllers. This work presents an extension to a well known OpenFlow controller (Floodlight) to efficiently handle the management of Traffic Control Queues in OpenFlow switches, resorting to a RESTful northbound interface. The obtained results demonstrate further possibility of developing innovative on-demand resource reservation mechanisms in SDN without adding unbearable overheads.
软件定义网络的发展和OpenFlow等协议的全面接受,证明了将数据平面与控制平面解耦的附加价值。现有的SDN控制器通过动态地提供对每个流的细粒度控制,实现了这种网络的预期灵活性。但是,特定于硬件的配置(例如创建队列或其他机制)超出了这些控制器的范围。这项工作提出了一个众所周知的OpenFlow控制器(泛光灯)的扩展,以有效地处理OpenFlow交换机中的流量控制队列的管理,采用RESTful北向接口。获得的结果表明,在不增加难以承受的开销的情况下,在SDN中开发创新的按需资源预留机制的进一步可能性。
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引用次数: 40
Implementing Quality of Service for the Software Defined Networking Enabled Future Internet 实现软件定义网络支持的未来互联网的服务质量
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.36
Sachin Sharma, D. Staessens, D. Colle, David Palma, João Gonçalves, Ricardo Figueiredo, D. Morris, M. Pickavet, P. Demeester
Achieving ever-growing Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for business customers is a major concern over the current Internet. However, presently, its architecture and infrastructures are inflexible to meet the demand of increased QoS requirements. OpenFlow, OF-Config (OpenFlow Configuration and Management protocol), and OVSDB (Open vSwitch Database Management protocol) protocols are well-known software defined networking (SDN) technologies for the Future Internet, enabling flexibility by decoupling the control plane from networking devices. In this paper, we propose a QoS framework using the SDN technologies and test the framework in failure-conditions using single and multiple autonomous system scenarios of the current Internet. We show that an effectively high QoS can be achieved for business customers using our framework.
为企业客户实现不断增长的服务质量(QoS)需求是当前Internet关注的主要问题。然而,目前其体系结构和基础设施的灵活性较差,难以满足日益增长的QoS需求。OpenFlow、OF-Config (OpenFlow配置与管理协议)和OVSDB (Open vSwitch数据库管理协议)是面向未来互联网的知名SDN (software defined networking)技术,通过将控制平面与网络设备解耦来实现灵活性。在本文中,我们提出了一个使用SDN技术的QoS框架,并使用当前互联网的单个和多个自治系统场景在故障条件下测试了该框架。我们展示了使用我们的框架可以为业务客户实现有效的高QoS。
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引用次数: 56
AutoVFlow: Autonomous Virtualization for Wide-Area OpenFlow Networks AutoVFlow:广域OpenFlow网络的自主虚拟化
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.28
Hiroaki Yamanaka, Eiji Kawai, S. Ishii, S. Shimojo
It is expected that clean-slate network designs will be implemented for wide-area network applications. Multi-tenancy in OpenFlow networks is an effective method to supporting a clean-slate network design, because the cost-effectiveness is improved by the sharing of substrate networks. To guarantee the programmability of OpenFlow for tenants, a complete flow space (i.e., header values of the data packets) virtualization is necessary. Wide-area substrate networks typically have multiple administrators. We therefore need to implement a flow space virtualization over multiple administration networks. In existing techniques, a third party is solely responsible for managing the mapping of header values for flow space virtualization for substrate network administrators and tenants, despite the severity of a third party failure. In this paper, we propose an AutoVFlow mechanism that allows flow space virtualization in a wide-area networks without the need for a third party. Substrate network administrators implement a flow space virtualization autonomously. They are responsible for virtualizing a flow space involving switches in their own substrate networks. Using a prototype of AutoVFlow, we measured the virtualization overhead, the results of which show a negligible amount of overhead.
预计将在广域网应用中实现全新的网络设计。OpenFlow网络中的多租户是支持全新网络设计的有效方法,因为底层网络的共享提高了成本效益。为了保证OpenFlow对租户的可编程性,一个完整的流空间(即数据包的报头值)虚拟化是必要的。广域基板网络通常有多个管理员。因此,我们需要在多个管理网络上实现流空间虚拟化。在现有技术中,第三方单独负责为底层网络管理员和租户管理流空间虚拟化的报头值映射,而不管第三方故障的严重性如何。在本文中,我们提出了一种AutoVFlow机制,该机制允许在不需要第三方的情况下在广域网中进行流空间虚拟化。基板网络管理员自主实现流空间虚拟化。他们负责在自己的基板网络中虚拟化涉及交换机的流空间。使用AutoVFlow的原型,我们测量了虚拟化开销,结果显示开销可以忽略不计。
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引用次数: 22
Programmable Abstraction of Datapath 数据路径的可编程抽象
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.10
B. Belter, A. Binczewski, K. Dombek, A. Juszczyk, L. Ogrodowczyk, D. Parniewicz, M. Stroinski, I. Olszewski
Despite continuous developments in this area, Software Defined Networking (SDN) still seeks for a flexible way of defining a network device behaviour. The control plane needs to be able to fully utilize growing capabilities of modern networking hardware and its diversity. In this paper we propose a new hardware abstraction for various network devices (network processors, optical devices and access devices). The first goal of this proposal is to expose advanced programmability capabilities of network processors and software switches. The second goal of our proposal is to extend the concept of the network node programmability by giving a possibility to dynamically check capabilities supported by a particular network device. The third goal of this paper is to introduce programming language which use new-defined API to Programmable Abstraction of Datapath (PAD) for different kind of network devices. The presented solution ensures therefore flexibility and adaptability of the new programmable functions to specific requirements of a device. The proposed solution creates a unified way of controlling and configuring a variety of families of network devices from optical switches to x86-based appliances.
尽管该领域不断发展,软件定义网络(SDN)仍在寻求一种灵活的方式来定义网络设备的行为。控制平面需要能够充分利用现代网络硬件日益增长的能力及其多样性。本文针对各种网络设备(网络处理器、光设备和接入设备)提出了一种新的硬件抽象。本提案的第一个目标是公开网络处理器和软件交换机的高级可编程能力。我们建议的第二个目标是通过提供动态检查特定网络设备支持的功能的可能性来扩展网络节点可编程性的概念。本文的第三个目标是为不同类型的网络设备引入使用新定义API的可编程数据路径抽象(PAD)编程语言。因此,所提出的解决方案确保了新的可编程功能对设备特定要求的灵活性和适应性。提出的解决方案创建了一种统一的方式来控制和配置各种网络设备,从光交换机到基于x86的设备。
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引用次数: 17
C-BAS: Certificate-Based AAA for SDN Experimental Facilities C-BAS:基于证书的SDN实验设施AAA
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.41
U. Toseef, A. Zaalouk, T. Rothe, M. Broadbent, K. Pentikousis
Efficient authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) management mechanisms will be key for the widespread adoption of SDN experimentation facilities beyond the confines of academic labs. In particular, we are interested in a robust AAA infrastructure to identify experimenters, police their actions based on the associated roles, facilitate secure resource sharing, and provide for detailed accountability. Currently, however, said facilities are forced to employ a patchy AAA infrastructure which lacks several of the aforementioned features. This paper proposes a certificate-based AAA architecture for SDN experimental facilities, which is by design both secure and flexible. As this work is implementation-driven and aims for a short deployment cycle in current facilities, we also outline a credible migration path which we are currently pursuing actively.
有效的认证、授权和记帐(AAA)管理机制将是SDN实验设施在学术实验室范围之外广泛采用的关键。特别是,我们对一个健壮的AAA基础设施感兴趣,以识别实验者,根据相关角色监督他们的行为,促进安全的资源共享,并提供详细的责任。然而,目前,这些设施被迫采用不完善的AAA基础设施,缺乏上述几个功能。本文提出了一种基于证书的SDN实验设备AAA架构,该架构在设计上既安全又灵活。由于这项工作是由实现驱动的,旨在缩短当前设施的部署周期,我们还概述了一个可靠的迁移路径,我们目前正在积极地追求。
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引用次数: 19
RAON: Recursive Abstraction of OpenFlow Networks OpenFlow网络的递归抽象
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.29
Sae Hyong Park, Byungjoon Lee, Jaeho You, Jisoo Shin, Taehong Kim, Sunhee Yang
This paper describes RAON which is a novel solution for tackling scalability in OpenFlow networks. This approach recursively abstracts its underlying networks as OpenFlow switches to reduce complexity and to increase manageability. The design and early prototype of RAON shows very promising and graceful use cases of various scenarios.
RAON是OpenFlow网络中解决可扩展性问题的一种新方法。这种方法递归地将其底层网络抽象为OpenFlow交换机,以降低复杂性并提高可管理性。RAON的设计和早期原型显示了各种场景的非常有前途和优雅的用例。
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引用次数: 16
A Datapath-Centric Virtualization Mechanism for OpenFlow Networks OpenFlow网络以数据路径为中心的虚拟化机制
Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2014.19
R. D. Corin, E. Salvadori, M. Gerola, M. Suñé, H. Woesner
The adoption of a robust and scalable network virtualization framework is a key requirement in order to make the vision of a shareable network infrastructure a reality. To this aim, one of the most suitable approaches is the one which takes advantage of the emerging paradigm of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow, its de-facto standard. Several virtualization frameworks have been proposed in the last few years, however, they are either based on proxy-based solutions that raises scalability and robustness issues (FlowVisor), or they rely on a simplified view of the data path (generally based on Open vSwitch instances) that have little chances to be adopted in production network settings. This paper presents a novel OpenFlow-based network virtualization mechanism exploiting a recent open-source data path project named extensible Data path Daemon (xDPd), the proposed multi-platform data path is based on a robust distributed virtualization architecture that is able to run on multi-version OpenFlow switch network scenarios, has a minimal overhead from a performance point of view and can be easily ported on several hardware platforms via xDPd libraries.
为了实现可共享网络基础设施的愿景,采用健壮且可伸缩的网络虚拟化框架是一个关键要求。为了实现这一目标,最合适的方法之一是利用软件定义网络(SDN)和OpenFlow这一事实上的标准的新兴范例。在过去的几年里,已经提出了几个虚拟化框架,然而,它们要么是基于代理的解决方案,这引起了可伸缩性和健壮性问题(FlowVisor),要么是依赖于数据路径的简化视图(通常基于Open vSwitch实例),这在生产网络设置中几乎没有被采用的机会。本文提出了一种新的基于OpenFlow的网络虚拟化机制,该机制利用了最近一个名为可扩展数据路径守护进程(xDPd)的开源数据路径项目,所提出的多平台数据路径基于一个健壮的分布式虚拟化架构,能够在多版本OpenFlow交换网络场景中运行,从性能的角度来看开销最小,并且可以通过xDPd库轻松移植到多个硬件平台上。
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引用次数: 18
期刊
2014 Third European Workshop on Software Defined Networks
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