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Proceedings of the International Symposium "Engineering and Earth Sciences: Applied and Fundamental Research" dedicated to the 85th anniversary of H.I. Ibragimov (ISEES 2019)最新文献

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Ecological and Economic Assessment and Dangerous Coastal Processes in the Coastal Zone of the Azov Sea 亚速海海岸带生态经济评价与危险海岸过程
A. Khavanskiy, V. Latun, O. Khoroshev, Y. Merinova, I. Bogachev, A. Kravchenko, A. Konovalov
To assess the current state of the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov, we made an analysis of socio-economic and environmental consequences of hazardous coastal processes, a comprehensive environmental and economic assessment, which includes the study of the main natural, economic, social and environmental factors of the coastal zone. In the process of assessment, the following were determined: natural resources, economic and demographic potentials, living standards and quality of life of the population, and environmental conditions. In order to compare heterogeneous socio-economic and environmental indicators, a five-point system was used, in which the numerical values of the indicators were ranked using certain criteria. The assessment in the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov identified five groups of cities and areas with different levels of development, ecological and economic balance. Emergency areas with a high rate of bank destruction (more than 2-4 m/year) are located in the Neklinovsky, Shcherbinovsky, Yeiskiy, PrimorskoAkhtarsky districts and account for 33% of the coast. Ecological and economic assessment of the coastal zone of the Azov Sea is the basis for further analysis of socio-economic and environmental consequences of dangerous coastal processes and development of recommendations for their prevention.
为了评估亚速海海岸带的现状,我们对海岸带危险过程的社会经济和环境后果进行了分析,并对海岸带的主要自然、经济、社会和环境因素进行了综合环境和经济评价。在评估过程中,确定了下列各项:自然资源、经济和人口潜力、人口的生活水平和生活质量以及环境条件。为了比较不同的社会经济和环境指标,采用了五分制,其中根据某些标准对指标的数值进行排名。在亚速海海岸带的评价中,划分出5组不同发展水平、生态和经济平衡水平的城市和地区。河岸破坏率高(每年超过2-4米)的紧急地区位于Neklinovsky、Shcherbinovsky、Yeiskiy、PrimorskoAkhtarsky地区,占海岸面积的33%。亚速海沿海地区的生态和经济评估是进一步分析危险沿海过程的社会经济和环境后果以及制定预防这些后果的建议的基础。
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引用次数: 2
Oil Well Stimulation at Oil Fields of Groznensky Oil-Bearing District 格罗兹涅斯基含油区油田油井改造
A. Khaladov, N. D. Bulchaev, M. M. Bakraev, A. A. Umaev, I. Aliev, Z. Gazabieva
Among the objectives of the oil industry of the Chechen Republic is stable covering of requirements of the republic for hydrocarbons; attaining this objective significantly depends on acceleration of scientific and technical progress within the industry. It assumes increase in oil and associated gas production not only by means of accelerated development of new deposits, but also by wide application of progressive formation stimulation that ensures increasing output of wells in already developed deposits. One of the principal methods used to increase oil production efficiency is physical and chemical interaction with the bottom-hole zone with the aim of increasing its permeability and providing connectivity between the bottomhole and the formation; among the solutions applied, the most common are mud acid and hydrophobic acidic emulsions on its base. This work gives comparative analysis of various chemical methods used to stimulate oil inflow to bottomhole. It has been established that when acid is injected, it is mostly accumulated in highly permeable intervals, while those of low permeability comprising the bulk of the formation are barely exposed to the chemical action. Due to that, treatment with this technology leads to increased permeability of individual sublayers that had high permeability to begin with. Another cause of low efficiency of acid treatment is that increase in formation temperature leads to an abrupt shortening of the hydrochloric acid neutralization period and increased corrosive activity of the acid. Shortened neutralization period significantly contributes to worsening reservoir properties for deeper productive formation, in particular, fracture opening reduction. As a result, only the areas of the formation in the immediate vicinity of the well bore are subjected to the treatment. The authors emphasize that additional research is needed to find more efficient processes for developing Mesozoic deposits.
车臣共和国石油工业的目标之一是稳定地满足共和国对碳氢化合物的需求;实现这一目标在很大程度上取决于行业内科技进步的加速。它假定石油和伴生气产量的增加不仅是通过加速新矿床的开发,而且还通过广泛应用渐进式地层增产措施来确保已经开发的矿床中油井的产量增加。提高采油效率的主要方法之一是与井底区域进行物理和化学相互作用,以提高其渗透率,并提供井底与地层之间的连通性;在应用的溶液中,最常见的是泥浆酸和在其基础上的疏水酸性乳液。本文比较分析了用于刺激井底原油流入的各种化学方法。已经确定的是,当注入酸时,它主要聚集在高渗透率的层段,而那些低渗透率的层段(包括大部分地层)几乎没有暴露在化学作用下。因此,采用该技术处理后,原本具有高渗透率的单个亚层的渗透率会增加。酸处理效率低的另一个原因是地层温度升高导致盐酸中和期突然缩短,酸的腐蚀活性增加。缩短的中和期会显著降低深层生产地层的储层物性,尤其是裂缝开口减小。因此,只有靠近井筒的地层区域才需要进行处理。作者强调,需要进行进一步的研究,以找到更有效的中生代矿床开发过程。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Electric Transfer on Mutual Diffusion and Macroscopic Flow in Binary Melts Growing During Contact Melting 接触熔炼过程中电传递对二元熔体生长过程中相互扩散和宏观流动的影响
A. Bagov, T. K. Tamaev, A. Khasanov, M. Zubkhadzhiev
The theoretical foundations of the process of electric transfer (ET) in melts growing during contact melting (CM) of binary systems are considered. It is shown when the modes of this process will be carried out speed-up and speed-down. It has been established that electro transfer makes an additional contribution to the magnitude of the rate of macroscopic flow (determined by the displacement of inert tags), due to the inequality of the partial diffusion coefficients of the melt components. The electric current passing through the liquid layer, formed by the CM, can have a very significant impact on the rate of its growth. Depending on the direction of the current, both increase and decrease in the speed of the CM can be observed. The paper also discusses the main regularities of the ET process at a CM, studies the effect on its parameters of the degree of difference in some physicochemical characteristics of the melt.
研究了二元体系接触熔炼过程中熔体生长中的电转移过程的理论基础。给出了该过程在何时进行加速和减速的模式。已经确定,由于熔体成分的部分扩散系数的不平等,电转移对宏观流动速率的大小(由惰性标签的位移决定)有额外的贡献。通过CM形成的液体层的电流对其生长速度有非常显著的影响。根据电流的方向,可以观察到CM速度的增加和减少。本文还讨论了熔体某些物理化学特性的差异程度对熔体蒸散过程参数的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Research of Residual Deformations of Seismic Isolation Systems with Rubber-Metal Supports with Lead Core Under Seismic Effect 地震作用下铅芯橡胶-金属支撑隔震体系残余变形研究
A. D. Abakarov, G. M. Murtazaliev, Kh.M. Omarov, Kh.R. Zainulabidova, Iu.A. Alkhasova
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引用次数: 0
Fine-Grained Concretes with Clinker-Free Binders on an Alkali Gauging 碱法测定无熟料粘结剂细粒混凝土
M. Salamanova, M. Mintsaev, S. Murtazaev, R. Bisultanov
To date carbonate technology for producing Portland cement is the only, and the resulting product is a leader in the production of binders and, according to Russian and foreign scientists, this situation does not change even for many decades. But most researchers hope that a more effective binder with considerably less energy and resource consumption for its production will be in the nearby future. As an alternative to Portland cement, alkali binder based on highly dispersed powders of various natures can be considered in the future. This paper presents the results of research and formulation of alkaline activation binders and fine-grained concretes based on them. The mechanism of formation of the structure and strength of the geopolymer stone is given, which is a consequence of the occurrence of complex physicochemical processes.
迄今为止,生产硅酸盐水泥的碳酸盐技术是唯一的,其产物是粘合剂生产的领导者,根据俄罗斯和外国科学家的说法,这种情况即使在几十年内也不会改变。但大多数研究人员希望,在不久的将来会出现一种更有效的粘合剂,其生产过程中消耗的能源和资源要少得多。作为波特兰水泥的替代品,未来可以考虑以各种性质的高分散粉末为基础的碱粘结剂。本文介绍了碱活化粘结剂及其细粒混凝土的研究成果和配方。给出了地聚合物石的结构和强度的形成机理,这是复杂的物理化学过程发生的结果。
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引用次数: 16
Comparative Analysis of Oil-Saturated Fractured Reservoirs - Bazhenites Clays of Western Siberia and Khadumites of Eastern Caucasus 油饱和裂缝性储层——西伯利亚西部巴氏岩粘土与东高加索哈杜姆岩粘土对比分析
R. S. Dudaev, A. Elzhaev, S.S.-A. Gacaeva
The rocks of clay natural reservoirs present particular interest. On the one hand, they attract the attention of scientists from the point of view of oil content (they are enriched to a large extent with organic material), on the other hand from the point of view of accumulation of radioactive elements, as it is indicated by high radioactivity. In this regard, the article touches upon the issue of the relation of these factors. On the territory of the Russian Federation, such rocks are represented by the Jurassic bazhenites of Western Siberia and the Oligocene khadumites of the Eastern Caucasus. The article presents the peculiarities of the clay reservoirs of Western Siberia and Eastern Caucasus, a detailed description of the fractures of various generations, and the issues of reservoir capacity. A comparative analysis of the oilsaturated bazhenites of Western Siberia and the khadumites of Eastern Caucasus was carried out. The dependence of reservoir formation on the distribution of radioactive elements in the section
粘土天然储层的岩石表现出特别的兴趣。一方面,它们从含油量的角度引起科学家的注意(它们在很大程度上富含有机物),另一方面,从放射性元素的积累的角度引起科学家的注意,因为它具有高放射性。对此,本文就这些因素之间的关系问题进行了探讨。在俄罗斯联邦境内,这类岩石的代表是西伯利亚西部的侏罗纪巴氏岩和东高加索渐新世的哈杜姆岩。本文介绍了西伯利亚西部和东高加索地区粘土储层的特点,详细描述了各代裂缝,以及储层容量问题。对西伯利亚西部的含油bazhenites与东高加索的khadumites进行了对比分析。储层的形成与剖面中放射性元素分布的关系
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of Land Structures in Border Areas of Russia and Mongolia in Conditions of Desertification Processes 沙化过程条件下俄罗斯与蒙古边境地区土地结构动态
E. Sanzheev, V. Batomunkuev
The article analyzes the land fund dynamics of border areas of Russia and Mongolia. These territories are distinguished by a low and medium degree of economic development of agriculture, mining and residential environmental management, which carries the greatest risk of the emergence and strengthening of desertification processes. Therefore, attention was paid to the analysis of residential and agricultural environmental management. An analysis of the structure of the land fund allows us to identify trends in the development of the territory and further predict characteristics of the course of desertification processes. The Russian regions are characterized by increased migration to the border regions and, therefore, an increase in areas of settlements and related land categories with a decrease in reserve lands, Special Protected Natural Areas. In Mongolia, there is also an increase in lands of settlements, but with the preservation and growth of forest and water resources, reserve lands, Special Protected Natural Areas, etc. The similarity of Russian and Mongolian border areas is revealed in the reduction of agricultural land. Changes in the land fund structure allow tracing the relationship between socio-economic processes and changes in various sectors of nature management and their impact on the intensification of desertification. Keywords— desertification; land fund; border areas; aimak; region; pastures, nature management.
本文对俄蒙边境地区土地资金动态进行了分析。这些领土的特点是农业、采矿和住宅环境管理的经济发展程度较低和中等,这是出现和加强沙漠化进程的最大危险。因此,人们开始关注住宅和农业环境管理的分析。对土地基金结构的分析使我们能够确定领土发展的趋势,并进一步预测荒漠化过程的特点。俄罗斯地区的特点是向边境地区的移徙增加,因此,定居点和相关土地类别的面积增加,保留区,特别自然保护区的面积减少。在蒙古,居民点土地也有所增加,但随着森林和水资源、保留区、特别自然保护区等的保存和增长。俄蒙两国边境地区的相似之处在于农业用地的减少。土地基金结构的变化可以追踪社会经济进程与自然管理各部门的变化之间的关系及其对沙漠化加剧的影响。关键词-沙漠化;土地基金;边境地区;aimak;地区;牧场,自然管理。
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引用次数: 0
Filtration Oil Treatment Unit of Screw Compressor 螺杆压缩机过滤油处理装置
R. Suleimanov, M. Khabibullin, R. Suleimanov
The article is devoted to the oil treatment system of a compressor unit designed for gas transportation. There is a design of the oil treatment unit, located separately from the compressor in this article. The main elements of the system are considered, the conditions of their work and the operational order are defined. The design of the treatment unit, the distinctive features, the principle of operation are described.
介绍了燃气输送用压缩机组的油处理系统。本文设计了一种与压缩机分离的油处理装置。考虑了系统的主要元素,定义了它们的工作条件和操作顺序。介绍了处理装置的设计、特点、工作原理。
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引用次数: 0
Characteristics of the Assimilation Potential of Tree Vegetation in Carbon Dioxide Absorption by PAs in Moscow 莫斯科地区pa吸收二氧化碳的乔木植被同化潜力特征
A. A. Sorokina, V. Zubkova, A. Gaponenko, N. Belozubova, M. V. Soshenko
The paper presents a comparative assessment of the contribution of forest tree vegetation of the natural sanctuary Serebryany Bor and the Natural-Historical Park Bitsevsky Forest to carbon dioxide absorption. It is found that the amount of carbon dioxide absorption depends on both the composition of tree species and the area occupied by these species. The research revealed that the assimilation potential of hardwood plantations exceeds the assimilation potential of softwood plantations. The data obtained on the assimilation potential of the tree vegetation of Serebryany Bor and Bitsevsky Forest show that forest plantations of these specially protected natural areas absorb more than 8% of pollutants emitted per year by the road transport in Moscow. The area occupied by these plantations makes up no more than 1% of the area of the entire city of Moscow, and this confirms the value of specially protected natural areas and their importance in a large city.
本文对自然保护区serebrany Bor和自然历史公园Bitsevsky forest的林木植被对二氧化碳吸收的贡献进行了比较评价。研究发现,二氧化碳的吸收量既取决于树种的组成,也取决于这些树种所占的面积。研究表明,阔叶林的同化潜力大于针叶林的同化潜力。关于Serebryany Bor和Bitsevsky森林的树木植被同化潜力的数据表明,这些特别保护的自然区域的人工林吸收了莫斯科每年公路运输排放的污染物的8%以上。这些种植园所占的面积不超过莫斯科整个城市面积的1%,这证实了特别保护自然区域的价值及其在大城市中的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Geoecological Assessment and Quality Protection of Natural-Anthropogenic Geosystems in Karachay-Cherkessia 卡拉恰伊-切尔克斯地区自然-人为地质系统的地质生态评价与质量保护
V. Onishchenko, N. Dega, E. M. Bajchorova
Against the background of comparing the scope of anthropogenic impact on environmental with the scope of natural processes influencing it, it becomes obvious that humanity cannot continue to pollute the environment uncontrollably, however, it cannot stop or at least reduce the rate of economic activity. From this standpoint, the analysis of influencing factors and response forms of geosystems, where the tendency to reduce the quality of life-supporting conditions, the level of public health, and the nature of unbalanced nature management is kept, is of particular relevance. Climatic parameters dynamics analysis, air pollution conditions and characteristics, deterioration of medical and environmental indicators with response of the health status of the population according to the classes of morbidity and transformation of forest communities increase the need to implement a system of integrated environmental and geographical monitoring and allow to form databases as well as to justify measures to improve environmental management and geoecological well-being of the region.
在将人类活动对环境的影响范围与自然过程对环境的影响范围进行比较的背景下,很明显,人类不可能继续不受控制地污染环境,但也不可能停止或至少降低经济活动的速度。从这个角度来看,分析地质系统的影响因素和反应形式特别重要,因为在这些系统中,维持生命条件的质量、公共卫生水平和不平衡的自然管理的性质都有下降的趋势。气候参数动态分析,空气污染状况及特征;医疗和环境指标随着人口的健康状况根据发病率的等级和森林群落的变化而恶化,增加了执行综合环境和地理监测系统的需要,并允许形成数据库,以及证明改善该地区环境管理和地质生态福利的措施是合理的。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the International Symposium "Engineering and Earth Sciences: Applied and Fundamental Research" dedicated to the 85th anniversary of H.I. Ibragimov (ISEES 2019)
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