Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887442
M. Okoniewski
FDTD became a glue fabric for my research over the years. The technologies we were working on needed faster simulation techniques, and that in turn lead to next generation hardware that in turn needed faster simulations. All that allowed me to experiment in ultra-low and ultra-high ends of power spectrum.
{"title":"The Strange Research Places FDTD Took Me To","authors":"M. Okoniewski","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887442","url":null,"abstract":"FDTD became a glue fabric for my research over the years. The technologies we were working on needed faster simulation techniques, and that in turn lead to next generation hardware that in turn needed faster simulations. All that allowed me to experiment in ultra-low and ultra-high ends of power spectrum.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116602737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887410
Mustafa Ayebe, A. Akgiray
This letter presents a novel dual-polarized antenna based on two orthogonally placed Vivaldi antennas intended to be used as feed for reflector antennas. The antenna is designed with a special feed network to achieve linear polarization in 4 – 6 GHz band and circular polarization in 14 – 16 GHz. Feed network is integrated with Vivaldi radiators to ensure a compact form factor critical for reflector applications. The antenna achieves better than −15 dB input reflection for most of the operating bands and an axial ratio better than 2 dB for the upper frequency range.
{"title":"Design of Dual-Polarized Vivaldi Antenna","authors":"Mustafa Ayebe, A. Akgiray","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887410","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a novel dual-polarized antenna based on two orthogonally placed Vivaldi antennas intended to be used as feed for reflector antennas. The antenna is designed with a special feed network to achieve linear polarization in 4 – 6 GHz band and circular polarization in 14 – 16 GHz. Feed network is integrated with Vivaldi radiators to ensure a compact form factor critical for reflector applications. The antenna achieves better than −15 dB input reflection for most of the operating bands and an axial ratio better than 2 dB for the upper frequency range.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126800495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887409
Prateek Nallabolu, Changzhi Li
This article presents a study on employing a single-sideband (SSB) mixer as a target simulator for Doppler radar sensors. The SSB mixer modulates the continuous-wave radio frequency (RF) signal transmitted by the Doppler radar, similar to a moving target. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed target simulator, the response of a real human target performing a hand gesture is emulated using the target simulator. The spectrogram of the human hand gesture and the simulator-generated gesture have been compared for performance evaluation. A 5.8-GHz prototype of the proposed target simulator and the obtained experimental results are presented in the paper.
{"title":"Investigating a Portable Low-Cost Target Simulator for Doppler Radars","authors":"Prateek Nallabolu, Changzhi Li","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887409","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a study on employing a single-sideband (SSB) mixer as a target simulator for Doppler radar sensors. The SSB mixer modulates the continuous-wave radio frequency (RF) signal transmitted by the Doppler radar, similar to a moving target. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed target simulator, the response of a real human target performing a hand gesture is emulated using the target simulator. The spectrogram of the human hand gesture and the simulator-generated gesture have been compared for performance evaluation. A 5.8-GHz prototype of the proposed target simulator and the obtained experimental results are presented in the paper.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123924920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887406
Ashish Kumar, H. Petry, U. Tayyab, M. Hein
Satellite communication receives strongly increasing attention for automated and connected driving. Compact size, low power consumption, and high data rates are key performance parameters for such systems. Based on realistic assumptions on user equipment terminal and satellite antenna for low-earth orbiting satellites using large space structures, we present relevant link budget considerations. The high-gain satellite antenna opens the potential to employ compact user equipment antennas of moderate gain and without beam tracking. We study selected C-, Ku-, and Ka-frequency bands for 5G satellite communications based upon usual key performance indicators. Our findings indicate that C-band and Ka-band offer a suitable spectrum, with an uplink data rate of 7 Mbit/s at Ka-band, which is suitable for IoT and broadband mobile access applications.
{"title":"Link budget considerations for automotive 5G LEO satellite-based communications","authors":"Ashish Kumar, H. Petry, U. Tayyab, M. Hein","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887406","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite communication receives strongly increasing attention for automated and connected driving. Compact size, low power consumption, and high data rates are key performance parameters for such systems. Based on realistic assumptions on user equipment terminal and satellite antenna for low-earth orbiting satellites using large space structures, we present relevant link budget considerations. The high-gain satellite antenna opens the potential to employ compact user equipment antennas of moderate gain and without beam tracking. We study selected C-, Ku-, and Ka-frequency bands for 5G satellite communications based upon usual key performance indicators. Our findings indicate that C-band and Ka-band offer a suitable spectrum, with an uplink data rate of 7 Mbit/s at Ka-band, which is suitable for IoT and broadband mobile access applications.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"3 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120914398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887524
Benoit Brizard, S. Sierra-Garcia, J. Laurin
The design of a dual-band 2x2 array of Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is presented. The antenna is designed for a Ku-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) application. The DRAs are fed by a network of Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line (SICL), providing robust power handling and a high level of isolation. Realized gains of 10.64 dBi at 13.5 GHz and 10.74 dBi at 17.25 GHz are measured. This design allows the two resonant frequencies to be very close to each other because they excite different modes in the DRA. The dual-frequency operation on a single port offers compactness and cost reduction to the design.
{"title":"Dual Ku-Band Dielectric Resonator Antenna Sub- Array Fed by a Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line","authors":"Benoit Brizard, S. Sierra-Garcia, J. Laurin","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887524","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a dual-band 2x2 array of Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is presented. The antenna is designed for a Ku-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) application. The DRAs are fed by a network of Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line (SICL), providing robust power handling and a high level of isolation. Realized gains of 10.64 dBi at 13.5 GHz and 10.74 dBi at 17.25 GHz are measured. This design allows the two resonant frequencies to be very close to each other because they excite different modes in the DRA. The dual-frequency operation on a single port offers compactness and cost reduction to the design.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121176480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887396
R. Simons
The feasibility of gallium nitride based wide bandgap semiconductor devices for signal amplification in extreme planetary environment is investigated. The measured performance of these devices at S-band, X-band, and Ka-band are presented. The data indicates excellent performance at the above frequencies. Potential application of these devices includes communication systems required to operate in the extreme hot environment of Venus and in the extreme cold and high radiation environment of Jupiter’s icy moons.
{"title":"Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Systems for Communications in Extreme Environment","authors":"R. Simons","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887396","url":null,"abstract":"The feasibility of gallium nitride based wide bandgap semiconductor devices for signal amplification in extreme planetary environment is investigated. The measured performance of these devices at S-band, X-band, and Ka-band are presented. The data indicates excellent performance at the above frequencies. Potential application of these devices includes communication systems required to operate in the extreme hot environment of Venus and in the extreme cold and high radiation environment of Jupiter’s icy moons.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124149062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887420
Muhammad Hashir, M. Q. Mahmood, K. Riaz, M. Zubair
This paper presents a low-cost prototype of a portable, non-invasive, and easy-to-operate microwave brain imaging device for potential applications in the diagnosis and continuous bedside monitoring of hemorrhagic brain stroke patients. The state-of-the-art in microwave imaging systems for brain stroke detection rely on the use of laboratory grade vector network analyzer (VNA) which enhance the cost of hardware thus limiting the usefulness of such systems in under-developed countries and low-income population. Our proposed hardware setup is based on a very low-cost commercially available compact VNA and does not require coupling medium or calibration of antennas at each scan. The proposed procedure has been validated through realistic full-wave electromagnetic simulations and hardware measurements on in-house anthropomorphic human head phantoms. The radar-based image reconstruction algorithm has been able to detect stroke mimicking inclusion of size up to 1mm in simulations and up to 10 mm in hardware measurements.
{"title":"Portable Microwave Head Imaging Device using Low-Cost VNA","authors":"Muhammad Hashir, M. Q. Mahmood, K. Riaz, M. Zubair","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887420","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a low-cost prototype of a portable, non-invasive, and easy-to-operate microwave brain imaging device for potential applications in the diagnosis and continuous bedside monitoring of hemorrhagic brain stroke patients. The state-of-the-art in microwave imaging systems for brain stroke detection rely on the use of laboratory grade vector network analyzer (VNA) which enhance the cost of hardware thus limiting the usefulness of such systems in under-developed countries and low-income population. Our proposed hardware setup is based on a very low-cost commercially available compact VNA and does not require coupling medium or calibration of antennas at each scan. The proposed procedure has been validated through realistic full-wave electromagnetic simulations and hardware measurements on in-house anthropomorphic human head phantoms. The radar-based image reconstruction algorithm has been able to detect stroke mimicking inclusion of size up to 1mm in simulations and up to 10 mm in hardware measurements.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116859264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/usnc-ursi52669.2022.9887379
Sudeb Bhattacharya, K. V. Srivastava
Open ended cylindrical cavities occur in many places of large complex structures. Hence Radar Cross Section (RCS) characterization of this structure is quite important. In this article characterization of bistatic RCS of an electrically large, open ended cylindrical cavity using the shooting and bouncing ray approach is carried out. Next, the structure is wrapped (both inside and outside) with a transparent and flexible metamaterial absorber made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) coated Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) substrate and reduction in bistatic RCS is observed.
{"title":"Characterization and Reduction of Bistatic Radar Cross Section of Hollow Cylindrical Cavity","authors":"Sudeb Bhattacharya, K. V. Srivastava","doi":"10.23919/usnc-ursi52669.2022.9887379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/usnc-ursi52669.2022.9887379","url":null,"abstract":"Open ended cylindrical cavities occur in many places of large complex structures. Hence Radar Cross Section (RCS) characterization of this structure is quite important. In this article characterization of bistatic RCS of an electrically large, open ended cylindrical cavity using the shooting and bouncing ray approach is carried out. Next, the structure is wrapped (both inside and outside) with a transparent and flexible metamaterial absorber made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) coated Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) substrate and reduction in bistatic RCS is observed.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127423766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887512
Xiaowei Ji, Qiang Yang, Xin Zhang, Yong Yang
The unwanted components of radar echoes from the ionosphere seriously affects the detection performance of high frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR). Because the variation of electron density in the ionosphere is irregular, ionospheric clutter can be divided into various types and behaves in different manner. This report explores the characteristics of various ionospheric clutter and analyzes these characteristics in the time, range, doppler, and angular domain. In the past two years, we collected a great deal of real data from a HFSWR system deployed in Weihai, China. We firstly investigate the ionospheric clutter characteristics both experimentally and theoretically in terms of the transform functions. Then, we will propose corresponding suppression methods for middle latitude ionospheric clutter in the future work.
{"title":"The Characteristics Analysis of Ionospheric Clutter in Multiple Dimensions for HFSWR","authors":"Xiaowei Ji, Qiang Yang, Xin Zhang, Yong Yang","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887512","url":null,"abstract":"The unwanted components of radar echoes from the ionosphere seriously affects the detection performance of high frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR). Because the variation of electron density in the ionosphere is irregular, ionospheric clutter can be divided into various types and behaves in different manner. This report explores the characteristics of various ionospheric clutter and analyzes these characteristics in the time, range, doppler, and angular domain. In the past two years, we collected a great deal of real data from a HFSWR system deployed in Weihai, China. We firstly investigate the ionospheric clutter characteristics both experimentally and theoretically in terms of the transform functions. Then, we will propose corresponding suppression methods for middle latitude ionospheric clutter in the future work.","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131084894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887514
Jiahao Huang, Caitlin Coverstone, J. Chisum
This paper introduces and characterizes square, interdigitated square and hexagon low-dispersion metasurfaces obeying standard PCB fabrication rules and suitable for wideband GRIN media. They are compared over refractive index range, anisotropy and power handling. Results show that all proposed unit-cells have low dispersion suitable for designs across the Ka-band. The interdigitated square cell exhibits the largest index range (1.22–2.416) while the hexagonal unit-cell has the highest power handling (136MW/m2) and lowest anisotropy (6% index variation) but reduced index range (1.22–2.098).
{"title":"Low-dispersion Metasurfaces for Wideband Gradient-index (GRIN) Media up to Ka-band","authors":"Jiahao Huang, Caitlin Coverstone, J. Chisum","doi":"10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSI52669.2022.9887514","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces and characterizes square, interdigitated square and hexagon low-dispersion metasurfaces obeying standard PCB fabrication rules and suitable for wideband GRIN media. They are compared over refractive index range, anisotropy and power handling. Results show that all proposed unit-cells have low dispersion suitable for designs across the Ka-band. The interdigitated square cell exhibits the largest index range (1.22–2.416) while the hexagonal unit-cell has the highest power handling (136MW/m2) and lowest anisotropy (6% index variation) but reduced index range (1.22–2.098).","PeriodicalId":104242,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130265970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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