G. Mamytbekov, Dmitry Anatol’evich Zheltov, Olga Sergeevna Milts, Yernat Rashidovich Nurtazin
Although the potential of natural minerals for purification of liquid radioactive wastes (LRW) from radionuclides has been widely studied, the use of hybrid polymer composites made of zeolite is still rather scarce. This article reports on the preparation of zeolite-based hybrid polymer composites using the in situ polymerization technique in the body of mineral matrix and its intercalated with copper ferrocyanide (CuFC) forms. This hybrid polymer composites have shown unique and enhanced properties for the removal of micropollutants from wasted water as compared to the individual mineral. The change in conventional properties of two mixed minerals, such as zeolite and bentonite, and their intercalated with CuFC forms were probed using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS) and FT-IR analysis. The totality of analysis showed a coexistence of intercalated and percolated zeolite phases. The hybrid polymer composites exhibited both adsorption and ion-exchange properties in the removal of 134,137Cs+, 57,60Co2+ and 85Sr2+ radionuclides from LRW.
{"title":"Polymer–Zeolite Composites: Synthesis, Characterization and Application","authors":"G. Mamytbekov, Dmitry Anatol’evich Zheltov, Olga Sergeevna Milts, Yernat Rashidovich Nurtazin","doi":"10.3390/colloids8010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8010008","url":null,"abstract":"Although the potential of natural minerals for purification of liquid radioactive wastes (LRW) from radionuclides has been widely studied, the use of hybrid polymer composites made of zeolite is still rather scarce. This article reports on the preparation of zeolite-based hybrid polymer composites using the in situ polymerization technique in the body of mineral matrix and its intercalated with copper ferrocyanide (CuFC) forms. This hybrid polymer composites have shown unique and enhanced properties for the removal of micropollutants from wasted water as compared to the individual mineral. The change in conventional properties of two mixed minerals, such as zeolite and bentonite, and their intercalated with CuFC forms were probed using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS) and FT-IR analysis. The totality of analysis showed a coexistence of intercalated and percolated zeolite phases. The hybrid polymer composites exhibited both adsorption and ion-exchange properties in the removal of 134,137Cs+, 57,60Co2+ and 85Sr2+ radionuclides from LRW.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"29 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139442687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The onset and early stages of dynamic wetting on different hydrophobic surfaces is investigated experimentally for aqueous solutions of two commercial trisiloxane surfacants of similar chemical structure, one of which exhibits superspreading behaviour, in order to investigate the spreading dynamics independently of the surface activity. Superspreading, or the ability of a surfactant solution to spread on a surface beyond the state determined by thermodynamic equilibrium, has been investigated for more than 30 years however its physical mechanism remains poorly understood to date despite its important applications in the formulation of agrochemicals. Surfactant solutions were prepared by dissolving S233 and S240 surfactants (Evonik Industries AG, Essen, Germany) into de-ionised water at a weight concentration of 0.1%. Drops of surfactant solutions and pure water were deposited on three horizontal substrates with different wettability (equilibrium contact angle of water ranging between 55∘ and 100∘), and observed from below with a high-frame rate camera to visualise the advancing contact line. The spreading ratio of drops as a function of time was extracted from high-speed videos by digital image processing. Results reveal that the superspreading solution exhibits an intermittent spreading rate, as well as peculiar features of the contact line, which are not observed for the non-superspreading solution, and confirm the superspreading effect becomes less significant when the surface energy of the substrate is decreased.
{"title":"The Onset and Early Stages of Dynamic Wetting of Superspreading and Non-Superspreading Trisiloxane Surfactant Solutions on Hydrophobic Surfaces","authors":"V. Bertola","doi":"10.3390/colloids8010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8010005","url":null,"abstract":"The onset and early stages of dynamic wetting on different hydrophobic surfaces is investigated experimentally for aqueous solutions of two commercial trisiloxane surfacants of similar chemical structure, one of which exhibits superspreading behaviour, in order to investigate the spreading dynamics independently of the surface activity. Superspreading, or the ability of a surfactant solution to spread on a surface beyond the state determined by thermodynamic equilibrium, has been investigated for more than 30 years however its physical mechanism remains poorly understood to date despite its important applications in the formulation of agrochemicals. Surfactant solutions were prepared by dissolving S233 and S240 surfactants (Evonik Industries AG, Essen, Germany) into de-ionised water at a weight concentration of 0.1%. Drops of surfactant solutions and pure water were deposited on three horizontal substrates with different wettability (equilibrium contact angle of water ranging between 55∘ and 100∘), and observed from below with a high-frame rate camera to visualise the advancing contact line. The spreading ratio of drops as a function of time was extracted from high-speed videos by digital image processing. Results reveal that the superspreading solution exhibits an intermittent spreading rate, as well as peculiar features of the contact line, which are not observed for the non-superspreading solution, and confirm the superspreading effect becomes less significant when the surface energy of the substrate is decreased.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"73 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucía Carolina Vega-Hernández, J. C. Serrano-Niño, C. Velázquez-Carriles, Alma H. Martínez-Preciado, Adriana Cavazos-Garduño, J. Silva-Jara
Every year, millions of foodborne illnesses with thousands of deaths occur worldwide, which is why controlling foodborne pathogens is sought. In this study, nanoemulsions of phytochemicals extracted from Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (PHT) were obtained, and their antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities were evaluated. PHT extracts were obtained by maceration, ultrasound, and Naviglio methods, and their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica was determined by the microdilution method. The extract with the highest antimicrobial activity was obtained by Naviglio with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 12.5 and 25 mg/mL, respectively, for all bacterial strains. The nanoemulsion (o/w) made with Tween 40, 5% extract, and 50% ultrasonic amplitude had a globule size of 4.4 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.48, and a surface charge of −0.08 mV and remained stable for 30 days. This nanosystem presented significantly higher antimicrobial and antioxidant activity than the free extract. Thus, the nanoencapsulation of the phytochemicals in the PHT extracts is an alternative to protect and enhance their biological activity against pathogenic microorganisms.
{"title":"Improving Foodborne Pathogen Control Using Green Nanosized Emulsions of Plectranthus hadiensis Phytochemicals","authors":"Lucía Carolina Vega-Hernández, J. C. Serrano-Niño, C. Velázquez-Carriles, Alma H. Martínez-Preciado, Adriana Cavazos-Garduño, J. Silva-Jara","doi":"10.3390/colloids8010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8010003","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, millions of foodborne illnesses with thousands of deaths occur worldwide, which is why controlling foodborne pathogens is sought. In this study, nanoemulsions of phytochemicals extracted from Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (PHT) were obtained, and their antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities were evaluated. PHT extracts were obtained by maceration, ultrasound, and Naviglio methods, and their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica was determined by the microdilution method. The extract with the highest antimicrobial activity was obtained by Naviglio with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 12.5 and 25 mg/mL, respectively, for all bacterial strains. The nanoemulsion (o/w) made with Tween 40, 5% extract, and 50% ultrasonic amplitude had a globule size of 4.4 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.48, and a surface charge of −0.08 mV and remained stable for 30 days. This nanosystem presented significantly higher antimicrobial and antioxidant activity than the free extract. Thus, the nanoencapsulation of the phytochemicals in the PHT extracts is an alternative to protect and enhance their biological activity against pathogenic microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siam Hussain, Johann Eduardo Maradiaga Rivas, Wen-Chi Tseng, R. Tsay, Boris Noskov, Giuseppe Loglio, Shi-Yow Lin
Two open issues on the measurement of the dilational modulus (E) for an adsorbed protein film during the adsorption process have been unacknowledged: how E varies during the adsorption and the length of time needed to attain a stable E value. A new approach for detecting the E variation from a clean air–water interface to saturated film and estimating the time needed to reach a saturated state was proposed. A pendant bubble tensiometer was utilized for measuring the relaxations of surface tension (ST) and surface area (SA), and the E was evaluated from the relaxation data of minute distinct perturbances. The data showed a clear variation in E during the BSA adsorption: E sharply decreased to a minimum at the early stage of BSA adsorption; then, it rose from this minimum and oscillated for a while before reaching an E corresponding to a saturated BSA film after a significant duration. The adsorbed BSA film took ~35 h to reach its saturated state, which was much longer than the reported lifetime of the adsorbed film in the literature. A rapid surface perturbation (forced bubble expansion/compression) could change the E, causing a significant drop in E followed by a slow increase to the original stable value.
在吸附过程中测量被吸附蛋白质薄膜的扩张模量（E）方面，有两个尚未解决的问题：E 在吸附过程中如何变化，以及获得稳定 E 值所需的时间长度。我们提出了一种新方法来检测从清洁空气-水界面到饱和薄膜的 E 值变化，并估算达到饱和状态所需的时间。利用悬挂式气泡张力计测量表面张力（ST）和表面积（SA）的弛豫，并根据微小不同扰动的弛豫数据评估 E。数据显示，在吸附 BSA 的过程中 E 有明显的变化：在吸附 BSA 的初期，E 值急剧下降至最小值；随后，E 值从最小值开始上升并震荡了一段时间，在相当长的一段时间后达到与饱和 BSA 膜相对应的 E 值。吸附的 BSA 薄膜需要约 35 小时才能达到饱和状态，这比文献中报道的吸附薄膜的寿命要长得多。快速的表面扰动（强制气泡膨胀/压缩）会改变 E 值，导致 E 值显著下降，然后缓慢上升到原始稳定值。
{"title":"Measurement of Dilational Modulus of an Adsorbed BSA Film Using Pendant Bubble Tensiometry: From a Clean Interface to Saturation","authors":"Siam Hussain, Johann Eduardo Maradiaga Rivas, Wen-Chi Tseng, R. Tsay, Boris Noskov, Giuseppe Loglio, Shi-Yow Lin","doi":"10.3390/colloids8010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8010004","url":null,"abstract":"Two open issues on the measurement of the dilational modulus (E) for an adsorbed protein film during the adsorption process have been unacknowledged: how E varies during the adsorption and the length of time needed to attain a stable E value. A new approach for detecting the E variation from a clean air–water interface to saturated film and estimating the time needed to reach a saturated state was proposed. A pendant bubble tensiometer was utilized for measuring the relaxations of surface tension (ST) and surface area (SA), and the E was evaluated from the relaxation data of minute distinct perturbances. The data showed a clear variation in E during the BSA adsorption: E sharply decreased to a minimum at the early stage of BSA adsorption; then, it rose from this minimum and oscillated for a while before reaching an E corresponding to a saturated BSA film after a significant duration. The adsorbed BSA film took ~35 h to reach its saturated state, which was much longer than the reported lifetime of the adsorbed film in the literature. A rapid surface perturbation (forced bubble expansion/compression) could change the E, causing a significant drop in E followed by a slow increase to the original stable value.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"279 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evaporating a liquid sessile drop deposited on a horizontal surface is an important object of applications (printing technologies, electronics, sensorics, medical diagnostics, hydrophobic coatings, etc.) and theoretical investigations (microfluidics, self-assembly of nanoparticles, crystallization of solutes, etc.). The arsenal of formulas for calculating the slow evaporation of an axisymmetric drop of capillary dimensions deposited on a flat solid surface is reviewed. Characteristics such as vapor density, evaporation flux density, and total evaporation rate are considered. Exact solutions obtained in the framework of the Maxwellian model, in which the evaporation process of the drop is limited by vapor diffusion from the drop surface to the surrounding air, are presented. The summary covers both well-known results obtained during the last decades and new results published by us in the last few years, but practically unknown to the wider scientific community. The newest formulas, not yet published in refereed publications, concerning exact solutions for a number of specific contact angles are also presented. In addition, new approximate solutions are presented (total evaporation rate and mass loss per unit surface area per unit time in the whole range of contact angles θ∈[0, π), drop lifetime in constant contact radius evaporation regime and constant contact angle mode), which can be used in modeling without requiring significant computational resources.
{"title":"Evaporation of Small Sessile Drop Deposited on a Horizontal Solid Surface: New Exact Solutions and Approximations","authors":"Peter Lebedev-Stepanov, Olga Savenko","doi":"10.3390/colloids8010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8010002","url":null,"abstract":"Evaporating a liquid sessile drop deposited on a horizontal surface is an important object of applications (printing technologies, electronics, sensorics, medical diagnostics, hydrophobic coatings, etc.) and theoretical investigations (microfluidics, self-assembly of nanoparticles, crystallization of solutes, etc.). The arsenal of formulas for calculating the slow evaporation of an axisymmetric drop of capillary dimensions deposited on a flat solid surface is reviewed. Characteristics such as vapor density, evaporation flux density, and total evaporation rate are considered. Exact solutions obtained in the framework of the Maxwellian model, in which the evaporation process of the drop is limited by vapor diffusion from the drop surface to the surrounding air, are presented. The summary covers both well-known results obtained during the last decades and new results published by us in the last few years, but practically unknown to the wider scientific community. The newest formulas, not yet published in refereed publications, concerning exact solutions for a number of specific contact angles are also presented. In addition, new approximate solutions are presented (total evaporation rate and mass loss per unit surface area per unit time in the whole range of contact angles θ∈[0, π), drop lifetime in constant contact radius evaporation regime and constant contact angle mode), which can be used in modeling without requiring significant computational resources.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"19 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139169594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The calcium ions (Ca2+) of calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHap) were substituted with zinc ions (Zn2+), and zinc–calcium hydroxyapatite solid solution (ZnCaHap) particles were prepared via a precipitation method. The structure of the various obtained particles was investigated via powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The ultraviolet (UV) absorption ability of the particles was also investigated using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The morphology of the CaHap comprised fine ellipsoidal particles, and long rod-like particles and large plate-like particles were mixed with the fine particles at higher Zn2+ contents in the particles. Pure ZnCaHap particles were obtained from the starting solution at less than Zn/(Zn + Ca) ([XZn]) of 0.25. Another crystal phase was mixed with the ZnCaHap phase at [XZn] ≥ 0.25. The crystallinity and lattice parameters a and c of the particles decreased with an increase in [XZn] from 0 to 0.10. The UV absorptive ability of the particles first increased and then decreased with increasing Zn2+ content and showed a maximum at [XZn] = 0.30.
用锌离子（Zn2+）取代羟基磷灰石钙（CaHap）中的钙离子（Ca2+），通过沉淀法制备了锌钙羟基磷灰石固溶体（ZnCaHap）颗粒。通过粉末 X 射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜和能量色散 X 射线光谱法研究了所获得的各种颗粒的结构。此外，还使用紫外可见光谱法研究了颗粒的紫外线（UV）吸收能力。CaHap 的形态由细小的椭圆形颗粒组成，当颗粒中 Zn2+ 含量较高时，细小颗粒中会混入长杆状颗粒和大板状颗粒。从 Zn/(Zn + Ca) ([XZn]) 小于 0.25 的起始溶液中获得了纯 ZnCaHap 颗粒。在[XZn]≥0.25 时，另一种晶相与 ZnCaHap 相混合。颗粒的结晶度和晶格参数 a 和 c 随 [XZn] 从 0 到 0.10 的增加而降低。随着 Zn2+ 含量的增加，颗粒的紫外线吸收能力先增大后减小，在 [XZn] = 0.30 时达到最大值。
{"title":"Preparation and Structure of Zinc–Calcium Hydroxyapatite Solid Solution Particles and Their Ultraviolet Absorptive Ability","authors":"Akemi Yasukawa, Minami Yamada","doi":"10.3390/colloids7040070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids7040070","url":null,"abstract":"The calcium ions (Ca2+) of calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHap) were substituted with zinc ions (Zn2+), and zinc–calcium hydroxyapatite solid solution (ZnCaHap) particles were prepared via a precipitation method. The structure of the various obtained particles was investigated via powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The ultraviolet (UV) absorption ability of the particles was also investigated using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The morphology of the CaHap comprised fine ellipsoidal particles, and long rod-like particles and large plate-like particles were mixed with the fine particles at higher Zn2+ contents in the particles. Pure ZnCaHap particles were obtained from the starting solution at less than Zn/(Zn + Ca) ([XZn]) of 0.25. Another crystal phase was mixed with the ZnCaHap phase at [XZn] ≥ 0.25. The crystallinity and lattice parameters a and c of the particles decreased with an increase in [XZn] from 0 to 0.10. The UV absorptive ability of the particles first increased and then decreased with increasing Zn2+ content and showed a maximum at [XZn] = 0.30.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"61 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The wettability of quartz by different liquids and solutions plays a very important role in practical applications. Hence, the wetting behaviour of ethanol (ET), rhamnolipid (RL) and Triton X-165 (TX165) aqueous solutions with regard to the quartz surface tension was investigated. The investigations were based on the contact angle measurements of water (W), formamide (F) and diiodomethane (D) as well as ET, RL and TX165 solutions on the quartz surface. The obtained results of the contact angle for W, F and D were used for the determination of quartz surface tension as well as its components and parameters using different approaches, whereas the results obtained for the aqueous solution of ET, RL and TX165 were considered with regard to their adsorption at the quartz–air, quartz–solution and solution–air interfaces as well as the solution interactions across the quartz–solution interface. The considerations of the relations between the contact angle and adsorption of solution components at different interfaces were based on the components and parameters of the quartz surface tension. They allow us to, among other things, establish the mechanism of the adsorption of individual components of the solution at the interfaces and standard Gibbs surface free energy of this adsorption.
{"title":"Wettability of Quartz by Ethanol, Rhamnolipid and Triton X-165 Aqueous Solutions with Regard to Its Surface Tension","authors":"A. Zdziennicka, K. Szymczyk, B. Jańczuk","doi":"10.3390/colloids7040071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids7040071","url":null,"abstract":"The wettability of quartz by different liquids and solutions plays a very important role in practical applications. Hence, the wetting behaviour of ethanol (ET), rhamnolipid (RL) and Triton X-165 (TX165) aqueous solutions with regard to the quartz surface tension was investigated. The investigations were based on the contact angle measurements of water (W), formamide (F) and diiodomethane (D) as well as ET, RL and TX165 solutions on the quartz surface. The obtained results of the contact angle for W, F and D were used for the determination of quartz surface tension as well as its components and parameters using different approaches, whereas the results obtained for the aqueous solution of ET, RL and TX165 were considered with regard to their adsorption at the quartz–air, quartz–solution and solution–air interfaces as well as the solution interactions across the quartz–solution interface. The considerations of the relations between the contact angle and adsorption of solution components at different interfaces were based on the components and parameters of the quartz surface tension. They allow us to, among other things, establish the mechanism of the adsorption of individual components of the solution at the interfaces and standard Gibbs surface free energy of this adsorption.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emulsions containing crystalline dispersed phases hold significant importance in pharmaceutical, chemical, and life science industries. The industrial agitation and storage of these emulsions can prompt crystallization effects within the flow field, intersecting with the primary nucleation mechanisms. Notably, contact-mediated nucleation, in which subcooled droplets crystallize upon contact with a crystalline particle, and shear-induced crystallization due to droplet deformation, are both conceivable phenomena. This study delves into the crystallization processes of emulsions in a 1 L stirred vessel, integrating an ultrasonic probe to monitor droplet crystallization progression. By scrutinizing the influence of the flow field and of the emulsifiers stabilizing the droplets, our investigation unveils the direct impact of enhanced rotational speed on accelerating the crystallization rate, correlating with increased energy input. Furthermore, the concentration of emulsifiers is observed to positively affect the crystallization process. Significantly, this pioneering investigation marks the first evaluation of emulsion crystallization considering the overlapping nucleation mechanisms seen in industrial production of melt emulsions. The findings offer valuable insights for more systematic control strategies in emulsion crystallization processes, promising more efficient and sustainable industrial practices by enabling targeted application of shear and surfactants.
{"title":"Increasing the Efficiency of Emulsion Crystallization in Stirred Vessels by Targeted Application of Shear and Surfactant","authors":"G. Kaysan, Linda Elmlinger, Matthias Kind","doi":"10.3390/colloids7040068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids7040068","url":null,"abstract":"Emulsions containing crystalline dispersed phases hold significant importance in pharmaceutical, chemical, and life science industries. The industrial agitation and storage of these emulsions can prompt crystallization effects within the flow field, intersecting with the primary nucleation mechanisms. Notably, contact-mediated nucleation, in which subcooled droplets crystallize upon contact with a crystalline particle, and shear-induced crystallization due to droplet deformation, are both conceivable phenomena. This study delves into the crystallization processes of emulsions in a 1 L stirred vessel, integrating an ultrasonic probe to monitor droplet crystallization progression. By scrutinizing the influence of the flow field and of the emulsifiers stabilizing the droplets, our investigation unveils the direct impact of enhanced rotational speed on accelerating the crystallization rate, correlating with increased energy input. Furthermore, the concentration of emulsifiers is observed to positively affect the crystallization process. Significantly, this pioneering investigation marks the first evaluation of emulsion crystallization considering the overlapping nucleation mechanisms seen in industrial production of melt emulsions. The findings offer valuable insights for more systematic control strategies in emulsion crystallization processes, promising more efficient and sustainable industrial practices by enabling targeted application of shear and surfactants.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"39 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We study the interaction between a flat surface and a contaminant solution. The surface is protected by a grafted polymer layer. Our primary interest is to better understand and elucidate the effect of simple molecular interactions on the contamination and decontamination of the surface through molecular diffusion. These interactions manifest themselves in the potential of mean force that the contaminant molecule experiences as it diffuses across the grafted polymer layer. For simplicity, we consider that all interactions are of the hard-sphere type. The size of the contaminant molecule is the same as that of the solvent as well as the individual polymer segment. Despite these simplifications, the analysis offers important physical insights and a qualitative description of the contamination and decontamination processes.
{"title":"Contamination and Decontamination of Polymer-Coated Surfaces","authors":"L. Frink, F. van Swol, Arianna Serrano, D. Petsev","doi":"10.3390/colloids7040069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids7040069","url":null,"abstract":"We study the interaction between a flat surface and a contaminant solution. The surface is protected by a grafted polymer layer. Our primary interest is to better understand and elucidate the effect of simple molecular interactions on the contamination and decontamination of the surface through molecular diffusion. These interactions manifest themselves in the potential of mean force that the contaminant molecule experiences as it diffuses across the grafted polymer layer. For simplicity, we consider that all interactions are of the hard-sphere type. The size of the contaminant molecule is the same as that of the solvent as well as the individual polymer segment. Despite these simplifications, the analysis offers important physical insights and a qualitative description of the contamination and decontamination processes.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ariel Rogers, Isabelle I. Niyonshuti, Jun Ou, Diksha Shrestha, Deborah Okyere, Jingyi Chen, Yong Wang
The light-based nanowelding of metallic nanoparticles is of particular interest because it provides convenient and controlled means for the conversion of nanoparticles into microstructures and the fabrication of nanodevices. In this study, we investigated the wavelength dependence of laser-induced nanowelded shapes of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). We observed that the nanowelded microstructures illuminated with only a 405 nm laser were more branched than those formed via illumination using both the 405 nm and 532 nm lasers. We quantified this observation by two compactness descriptors and examined the dependence of the power of the 532 nm laser. More importantly, to understand the experimental observations, we formulated and tested a hypothesis by calculating the wavelength-dependent electric field enhancement due to the surface plasmon resonance of the AgNPs and nanowelded microstructures when illuminated with lights at the two wavelengths. Based on the different patterns of hot spots for welding AgNPs from these calculations, numerical simulations successfully reproduced the different shapes of nanowelded microstructures, supporting our hypothesis. This work suggests the possibility of light-based control of the shapes of laser-induced nanowelded microstructures of metallic nanoparticles. This work is expected to facilitate the development of broader applications using the nanowelding of metallic nanoparticles.
{"title":"The Shape Modulation of Laser-Induced Nanowelded Microstructures Using Two Colors","authors":"Ariel Rogers, Isabelle I. Niyonshuti, Jun Ou, Diksha Shrestha, Deborah Okyere, Jingyi Chen, Yong Wang","doi":"10.3390/colloids7040067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids7040067","url":null,"abstract":"The light-based nanowelding of metallic nanoparticles is of particular interest because it provides convenient and controlled means for the conversion of nanoparticles into microstructures and the fabrication of nanodevices. In this study, we investigated the wavelength dependence of laser-induced nanowelded shapes of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). We observed that the nanowelded microstructures illuminated with only a 405 nm laser were more branched than those formed via illumination using both the 405 nm and 532 nm lasers. We quantified this observation by two compactness descriptors and examined the dependence of the power of the 532 nm laser. More importantly, to understand the experimental observations, we formulated and tested a hypothesis by calculating the wavelength-dependent electric field enhancement due to the surface plasmon resonance of the AgNPs and nanowelded microstructures when illuminated with lights at the two wavelengths. Based on the different patterns of hot spots for welding AgNPs from these calculations, numerical simulations successfully reproduced the different shapes of nanowelded microstructures, supporting our hypothesis. This work suggests the possibility of light-based control of the shapes of laser-induced nanowelded microstructures of metallic nanoparticles. This work is expected to facilitate the development of broader applications using the nanowelding of metallic nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":" 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135285702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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