Isaac Izcoatl Mota Díaz, Janna Douda, Patricia García López, Sandra Edith Cabrera Becerra, Miguel Ángel Gómez Álvarez, Rebeca Jiménez Rodríguez, Rafael Jurado León, Pedro López Sánchez
The synergistic effect of antineoplastic drug co-encapsulation systems has made them highly regarded due to their improved pharmacological efficacy. Biopolymer-coated liposomes were evaluated for paclitaxel and doxorubicin co-encapsulation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. These nanosystems are characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and UV–VIS spectroscopy. The conventional and hybrid liposomal systems presented sizes of 150 to 230 nm and %EE greater than 80% for the encapsulated active ingredients. These drug-laden liposomal systems significantly decreased cell viability in both breast cancer cell lines compared with liposome-free drugs. The delivery of antineoplastic drugs in breast cancer therapy could potentially benefit from new hybrids for drug co-encapsulation.
{"title":"Co-Encapsulation of Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin in Liposomes Layer by Layer","authors":"Isaac Izcoatl Mota Díaz, Janna Douda, Patricia García López, Sandra Edith Cabrera Becerra, Miguel Ángel Gómez Álvarez, Rebeca Jiménez Rodríguez, Rafael Jurado León, Pedro López Sánchez","doi":"10.3390/colloids8040042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8040042","url":null,"abstract":"The synergistic effect of antineoplastic drug co-encapsulation systems has made them highly regarded due to their improved pharmacological efficacy. Biopolymer-coated liposomes were evaluated for paclitaxel and doxorubicin co-encapsulation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. These nanosystems are characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and UV–VIS spectroscopy. The conventional and hybrid liposomal systems presented sizes of 150 to 230 nm and %EE greater than 80% for the encapsulated active ingredients. These drug-laden liposomal systems significantly decreased cell viability in both breast cancer cell lines compared with liposome-free drugs. The delivery of antineoplastic drugs in breast cancer therapy could potentially benefit from new hybrids for drug co-encapsulation.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141685957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surfactants are widely used in fields such as oil recovery and flotation. The properties and mechanisms of surfactants can be effectively studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Herein, the aggregation behavior of surfactants was studied at the oil–water interface by MD simulation, and the micro-morphology of surfactants was analyzed under a low concentration and saturated state at the oil–water interface, respectively. The visualization results of the MD simulation showed that DTOA was saturated at the oil–water interface at 120 surfactant molecules, whereas 160 surfactant molecules were required for BEMA. In addition, the effect of surfactant concentration on the interfacial thickness and hydrogen bond distribution was studied, with the inflection point of hydrogen bond distribution identified as a characteristic parameter for surfactant saturation at the oil–water interface. The aggregation behavior of their hydrophobic and hydrophilic chains at the oil–water interface was qualitatively assessed using order parameters. Finally, the aggregation state of surfactants in salt-containing systems was studied, and it was found that the surfactants could effectively adsorb magnesium ions and calcium ions at the oil–water interface. However, the curve of the number of hydrogen bonds varies greatly, with a possible reason being that BEMA has a different coordination manner with diverse metal ions. This study provides some original insights into both the theoretical study and practical application of anionic and nonionic surfactants.
{"title":"Study of Interfacial Properties of Anionic–Nonionic Surfactants Based on Succinic Acid Derivatives via Molecular Dynamics Simulations and the IGMH Method","authors":"Wannian Zhang, Feng Luo, Zhigang Gao, Haizhu Chi, Jinlong Wang, Fang Yu, Yu‐Peng He","doi":"10.3390/colloids8040041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8040041","url":null,"abstract":"Surfactants are widely used in fields such as oil recovery and flotation. The properties and mechanisms of surfactants can be effectively studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Herein, the aggregation behavior of surfactants was studied at the oil–water interface by MD simulation, and the micro-morphology of surfactants was analyzed under a low concentration and saturated state at the oil–water interface, respectively. The visualization results of the MD simulation showed that DTOA was saturated at the oil–water interface at 120 surfactant molecules, whereas 160 surfactant molecules were required for BEMA. In addition, the effect of surfactant concentration on the interfacial thickness and hydrogen bond distribution was studied, with the inflection point of hydrogen bond distribution identified as a characteristic parameter for surfactant saturation at the oil–water interface. The aggregation behavior of their hydrophobic and hydrophilic chains at the oil–water interface was qualitatively assessed using order parameters. Finally, the aggregation state of surfactants in salt-containing systems was studied, and it was found that the surfactants could effectively adsorb magnesium ions and calcium ions at the oil–water interface. However, the curve of the number of hydrogen bonds varies greatly, with a possible reason being that BEMA has a different coordination manner with diverse metal ions. This study provides some original insights into both the theoretical study and practical application of anionic and nonionic surfactants.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Massinissa Hamouma, W. Neri, Xavier Bril, Jinkai Yuan, Annie Colin, Nicolas Brémond, Philippe Poulin
Flowable electrodes, a versatile alternative to traditional solid electrodes for electrochemical applications, exhibit challenges of high viscosity and carbon content, limiting flow and device performances. This study introduces colloidal suspensions of thin multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with diameters of 10–15 nm as electrode materials. These thin nanotubes, stabilized in water with a surfactant, form percolated networks, exhibiting high conductivity (50 ms/cm) and stability at a low carbon content (below 2 wt%). Colloidal clustering is enhanced by weak depletion attractive interactions. The resulting suspensions display yield stress and a shear thinning behavior with a low consistency index. They can easily flow at a nearly constant shear over a broad range of shear rates. They remain electrically conductive under shear, making them a promising option for flow electrochemical applications. This work suggests that the use of depletion-induced MWVNT aggregates addresses crucial issues in flow electrochemical applications, such as membrane fragility, operating energy, and pressure. These conductive colloidal suspensions thereby offer potential advancements in device performance and lifespan.
{"title":"Flowable Electrodes from Colloidal Suspensions of Thin Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes","authors":"Massinissa Hamouma, W. Neri, Xavier Bril, Jinkai Yuan, Annie Colin, Nicolas Brémond, Philippe Poulin","doi":"10.3390/colloids8030032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8030032","url":null,"abstract":"Flowable electrodes, a versatile alternative to traditional solid electrodes for electrochemical applications, exhibit challenges of high viscosity and carbon content, limiting flow and device performances. This study introduces colloidal suspensions of thin multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with diameters of 10–15 nm as electrode materials. These thin nanotubes, stabilized in water with a surfactant, form percolated networks, exhibiting high conductivity (50 ms/cm) and stability at a low carbon content (below 2 wt%). Colloidal clustering is enhanced by weak depletion attractive interactions. The resulting suspensions display yield stress and a shear thinning behavior with a low consistency index. They can easily flow at a nearly constant shear over a broad range of shear rates. They remain electrically conductive under shear, making them a promising option for flow electrochemical applications. This work suggests that the use of depletion-induced MWVNT aggregates addresses crucial issues in flow electrochemical applications, such as membrane fragility, operating energy, and pressure. These conductive colloidal suspensions thereby offer potential advancements in device performance and lifespan.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The phenomenon of discontinuous shear thickening (DST) is observed in suspensions of solid particles with a very high-volume fraction. It is characterized by an abrupt decrease in the shear rate for critical stress during a ramp of stress. This behavior can be reproduced in numerical simulations by introducing a local friction between two particles above a given local force. We present experimental results showing this DST behavior obtained with suspensions of magnetic (iron) and nonmagnetic (calcium carbonate) particles and different amounts of a superplasticizer molecule used in the cement industry. For both types of particles, the same behavior was observed with first an increase in critical stress with the amount of plasticizer followed by a decrease at higher concentrations but with a larger viscosity before critical stress was reached. At a low concentration of plasticizer, the low critical stress is interpreted by the local sliding of plasticizer molecules on the surface of particles. At higher concentrations, when total coverage is achieved, the critical stress is higher since it has to remove the molecules out of the surface. At still higher concentrations, the increase in viscosity is explained by the formation of multilayers of molecules on the surface of the particles. This interpretation is supported by the measurement of the adsorption isotherm of the plasticizer on the surface of the particles.
{"title":"Discontinuous Shear Thickening of Suspensions of Magnetic Particles in Relation to the Polymer Coating on Their Surfaces","authors":"Georges Bossis, Olga Volkova, Y. Grasselli","doi":"10.3390/colloids8030033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8030033","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of discontinuous shear thickening (DST) is observed in suspensions of solid particles with a very high-volume fraction. It is characterized by an abrupt decrease in the shear rate for critical stress during a ramp of stress. This behavior can be reproduced in numerical simulations by introducing a local friction between two particles above a given local force. We present experimental results showing this DST behavior obtained with suspensions of magnetic (iron) and nonmagnetic (calcium carbonate) particles and different amounts of a superplasticizer molecule used in the cement industry. For both types of particles, the same behavior was observed with first an increase in critical stress with the amount of plasticizer followed by a decrease at higher concentrations but with a larger viscosity before critical stress was reached. At a low concentration of plasticizer, the low critical stress is interpreted by the local sliding of plasticizer molecules on the surface of particles. At higher concentrations, when total coverage is achieved, the critical stress is higher since it has to remove the molecules out of the surface. At still higher concentrations, the increase in viscosity is explained by the formation of multilayers of molecules on the surface of the particles. This interpretation is supported by the measurement of the adsorption isotherm of the plasticizer on the surface of the particles.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140963910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Issayeva, A. Sharipova, S. Aidarova, G. Madybekova, J. Katona, Seitzhan Turganbay, Reinhard Miller
In recent years, the development of nanomaterials with biocidal properties has received considerable attention due to their potential applications in various industries, including food, medicine, and cultural heritage preservation. The growing demand for coatings with antibacterial properties has sparked interest from industrial sectors in exploring the incorporation of biocides into these materials. Coatings are prone to microbial growth, which can cause damage such as cracking, discoloration, and staining. To combat these problems, the integration of biocides into coatings is a crucial strategy. Biocide-embedded nanomaterials offer numerous advantages, including high efficiency in small quantities, ease of application, good chemical stability, low toxicity, and non-bioaccumulation. Encapsulated nanobiocides are particularly attractive to the agro-industry, because they can be less toxic than traditional biocides while still effectively controlling microbial contamination. To fully exploit the benefits of nanobiocides, future research should focus on optimizing their synthesis, formulation, and delivery methods. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current status of biocide nanomaterials, discuss potential future research directions, and highlight research methods, the development of new forms of nanomaterials, and studies of their physico-chemical properties. Biocide nanocapsules of DCOIT (4,5-Dichloro-2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one) are chosen as an example to illustrate the research pathways.
{"title":"A Review of Investigations and Applications of Biocides in Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies","authors":"A. Issayeva, A. Sharipova, S. Aidarova, G. Madybekova, J. Katona, Seitzhan Turganbay, Reinhard Miller","doi":"10.3390/colloids8030031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8030031","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the development of nanomaterials with biocidal properties has received considerable attention due to their potential applications in various industries, including food, medicine, and cultural heritage preservation. The growing demand for coatings with antibacterial properties has sparked interest from industrial sectors in exploring the incorporation of biocides into these materials. Coatings are prone to microbial growth, which can cause damage such as cracking, discoloration, and staining. To combat these problems, the integration of biocides into coatings is a crucial strategy. Biocide-embedded nanomaterials offer numerous advantages, including high efficiency in small quantities, ease of application, good chemical stability, low toxicity, and non-bioaccumulation. Encapsulated nanobiocides are particularly attractive to the agro-industry, because they can be less toxic than traditional biocides while still effectively controlling microbial contamination. To fully exploit the benefits of nanobiocides, future research should focus on optimizing their synthesis, formulation, and delivery methods. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current status of biocide nanomaterials, discuss potential future research directions, and highlight research methods, the development of new forms of nanomaterials, and studies of their physico-chemical properties. Biocide nanocapsules of DCOIT (4,5-Dichloro-2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one) are chosen as an example to illustrate the research pathways.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A detailed understanding of the interactions between wax and asphaltenes with other components of crude oils and the effect of treatments with paraffin inhibitors (PIs) and asphaltene dispersants (ADs), with a focus on identifying specific structure-activity relationships, is necessary to develop effective flow assurance strategies. The morphological and rheological consequences of treating wax and asphaltenes in oils of differing composition with a series of ADs having structural features in common with an alpha olefin-maleic anhydride (AO-MA) comb-like copolymer PI were assessed alone and in combination with said PI. Of the four ADs studied, two were identified as being effective dispersants of asphaltenes in heptane-induced instability tests and in a West Texas (WT) crude. The degree to which a low concentration of asphaltenes stabilizes wax in the absence of treatment additives is lessened in oils having greater aromatic fractions. This is because these stabilizing interactions are replaced by more energetically favorable aromatic–asphaltene interactions, increasing oil viscosity. Treatment with AD alone also reduces the extent of wax–asphaltene interactions, increasing oil viscosity. In concert with the PI, treatment with the AD having greater structural similarity with the PI appears to improve wax solubility in both the presence and absence of asphaltenes. However, the viscosity of the treated oils is greater than that of the oil treated with PI alone, while treatment with AD having lesser structural similarity with the PI does not adversely affect oil viscosity. These data suggest that rather than treating both wax and asphaltenes, AD may poison the function of the PI. These data illuminate the pitfalls of designing flow assurance additives to interact with both wax and asphaltenes and developing treatment plans.
要制定有效的流动保证策略，就必须详细了解蜡和沥青质与原油中其他成分之间的相互作用，以及使用石蜡抑制剂 (PI) 和沥青质分散剂 (AD) 处理的效果，重点是确定具体的结构-活性关系。我们单独评估了使用一系列与α-烯烃-马来酸酐（AO-MA）梳状共聚物 PI 具有相同结构特征的 ADs 处理不同成分油类中的蜡和沥青质所产生的形态和流变后果，以及与上述 PI 结合使用所产生的形态和流变后果。在所研究的四种 ADs 中，有两种在庚烷诱导的不稳定性测试和西得克萨斯（WT）原油中被确定为有效的沥青质分散剂。在没有处理添加剂的情况下，低浓度的沥青质对蜡的稳定程度在芳烃组分较多的油中会降低。这是因为这些稳定作用被能量上更有利的芳烃-沥青烯作用所取代，从而增加了油的粘度。单独使用 AD 处理也会降低蜡-沥青烯相互作用的程度，从而增加油的粘度。使用与 PI 结构相似度更高的 AD 处理蜡溶解度似乎与 PI 起到了协同作用，在有沥青质和没有沥青质的情况下都能提高蜡溶解度。不过，处理过的油的粘度要高于仅用 PI 处理过的油，而用与 PI 结构相似性较低的 AD 处理不会对油的粘度产生不利影响。这些数据表明，AD 可能会毒害 PI 的功能，而不是同时处理蜡和沥青质。这些数据揭示了在设计与蜡和沥青质相互作用的流动性保证添加剂以及制定处理计划时存在的隐患。
{"title":"Effect of Asphaltenes and Asphaltene Dispersants on Wax Precipitation and Treatment","authors":"O. M’barki, John Clements, Q. P. Nguyen","doi":"10.3390/colloids8030030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8030030","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed understanding of the interactions between wax and asphaltenes with other components of crude oils and the effect of treatments with paraffin inhibitors (PIs) and asphaltene dispersants (ADs), with a focus on identifying specific structure-activity relationships, is necessary to develop effective flow assurance strategies. The morphological and rheological consequences of treating wax and asphaltenes in oils of differing composition with a series of ADs having structural features in common with an alpha olefin-maleic anhydride (AO-MA) comb-like copolymer PI were assessed alone and in combination with said PI. Of the four ADs studied, two were identified as being effective dispersants of asphaltenes in heptane-induced instability tests and in a West Texas (WT) crude. The degree to which a low concentration of asphaltenes stabilizes wax in the absence of treatment additives is lessened in oils having greater aromatic fractions. This is because these stabilizing interactions are replaced by more energetically favorable aromatic–asphaltene interactions, increasing oil viscosity. Treatment with AD alone also reduces the extent of wax–asphaltene interactions, increasing oil viscosity. In concert with the PI, treatment with the AD having greater structural similarity with the PI appears to improve wax solubility in both the presence and absence of asphaltenes. However, the viscosity of the treated oils is greater than that of the oil treated with PI alone, while treatment with AD having lesser structural similarity with the PI does not adversely affect oil viscosity. These data suggest that rather than treating both wax and asphaltenes, AD may poison the function of the PI. These data illuminate the pitfalls of designing flow assurance additives to interact with both wax and asphaltenes and developing treatment plans.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Senyuan Liu, Mohammad Sadegh Samie, Radhakrishna Sureshkumar
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are employed to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of vesicles (polymersomes) through the self-assembly of randomly distributed amphiphilic BAB triblock copolymers with hydrophilic A and hydrophobic B blocks in an aqueous solution. The vesiculation pathway consists of several intermediate structures, such as an interconnected network of copolymer aggregates, a cage of cylindrical micelles, and a lamellar cage. The cage-to-vesicle transition occurs at a constant aggregation number and practically eliminates the hydrophobic interfacial area between the B block and solvent. Molecular reorganization underlying the sequence of morphology transitions from a cage-like aggregate to a vesicle is nearly isentropic. The end-to-end distances of isolated copolymer chains in solution and those within a vesicular assembly follow lognormal probability distributions. This can be attributed to the preponderance of folded chain configurations in which the two hydrophobic end groups of a given chain stay close to each other. However, the probability distribution of end-to-end distances is broader for chains within the vesicle as compared with that of a single chain. This is due to the swelling of the folded configurations within the hydrophobic bilayer. Increasing the hydrophobicity of the B block reduces the vesiculation time without qualitatively altering the self-assembly pathway.
本文利用粗粒度分子动力学模拟研究了水溶液中随机分布的两亲性 BAB 三嵌段共聚物与亲水性 A 嵌段和疏水性 B 嵌段的自组装过程中囊泡（聚合体）的时空演化。囊泡形成途径由多个中间结构组成，例如共聚物聚集体的互连网络、圆柱形胶束笼和片状笼。笼状结构到囊状结构的转变发生在恒定的聚集数条件下，实际上消除了 B 嵌段与溶剂之间的疏水界面区。从笼状聚合体到囊泡的形态转变序列所依据的分子重组几乎是等熵的。溶液中孤立共聚物链的端到端距离和囊泡内共聚物链的端到端距离遵循对数正态概率分布。这可能是由于折叠链构型占优势，在这种构型中，给定链的两个疏水端基团彼此靠近。不过，与单链相比，囊泡内链的端到端距离的概率分布更宽。这是由于折叠构型在疏水双分子层中膨胀所致。增加 B 嵌段的疏水性可缩短囊泡形成时间，但不会从本质上改变自组装途径。
{"title":"Vesicle Morphogenesis in Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymer Solutions","authors":"Senyuan Liu, Mohammad Sadegh Samie, Radhakrishna Sureshkumar","doi":"10.3390/colloids8030029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8030029","url":null,"abstract":"Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are employed to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of vesicles (polymersomes) through the self-assembly of randomly distributed amphiphilic BAB triblock copolymers with hydrophilic A and hydrophobic B blocks in an aqueous solution. The vesiculation pathway consists of several intermediate structures, such as an interconnected network of copolymer aggregates, a cage of cylindrical micelles, and a lamellar cage. The cage-to-vesicle transition occurs at a constant aggregation number and practically eliminates the hydrophobic interfacial area between the B block and solvent. Molecular reorganization underlying the sequence of morphology transitions from a cage-like aggregate to a vesicle is nearly isentropic. The end-to-end distances of isolated copolymer chains in solution and those within a vesicular assembly follow lognormal probability distributions. This can be attributed to the preponderance of folded chain configurations in which the two hydrophobic end groups of a given chain stay close to each other. However, the probability distribution of end-to-end distances is broader for chains within the vesicle as compared with that of a single chain. This is due to the swelling of the folded configurations within the hydrophobic bilayer. Increasing the hydrophobicity of the B block reduces the vesiculation time without qualitatively altering the self-assembly pathway.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bharathipriya Rajasekaran, Avtar Singh, Bin Zhang, Hui Hong, T. Prodpran, S. Benjakul
The effect of SO (shrimp oil) at various levels (5, 10, and 15%) on the stability of mayonnaise was investigated. Droplet size (d32 and d43), polydispersity index, and microstructure results showed an upsurge in droplet sizes with augmenting level of SO in mayonnaise (5 to 15%) (p < 0.05). SO imparted a bright orange color to the mayonnaise as evidenced by increased a* and b* values with lower L* values (p < 0.05). Moreover, the impact of a fish myofibrillar protein (FMP) substitution for egg yolk (0, 25, 50, 75%) in mayonnaise containing SO (5% and 10%) was also studied. Increasing the level of FMP substitution in SO-added mayonnaise showed a dilution effect and reduced a* and b* values (p < 0.05). In addition, excessive FMP substitution up to 75% drastically increased centrifugal and thermal creaming indices, indicating lowered stability (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, with the augmenting FMP substitutions, the viscosity, texture, and rheological properties in mayonnaise became lower (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in overall acceptability scores between 5% SO-added mayonnaise with 25% FMP substitution (SO5:FMP25) and 5% SO-added mayonnaise without FMP substitution (SO5:FMP0) (p > 0.05). A confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) study revealed a smaller droplet and less aggregation in the SO5:FMP0 sample, compared to SO5:FMP25. The incorporation of SO and FMP substitution yielded the resulting mayonnaise, which met the requirements of a healthy food since SO is rich in PUFA and the replacement of egg yolk by FMP can contribute several health benefits. The incorporation of SO as well as FMP as substitution for egg yolk therefore has potential in the development of functional foods.
{"title":"Shrimp Oil-Enriched Mayonnaise Prepared Using Fish Myofibrillar Protein as a Substitute for Egg Yolk: Physical, Rheological, and Sensory Properties","authors":"Bharathipriya Rajasekaran, Avtar Singh, Bin Zhang, Hui Hong, T. Prodpran, S. Benjakul","doi":"10.3390/colloids8020022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8020022","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of SO (shrimp oil) at various levels (5, 10, and 15%) on the stability of mayonnaise was investigated. Droplet size (d32 and d43), polydispersity index, and microstructure results showed an upsurge in droplet sizes with augmenting level of SO in mayonnaise (5 to 15%) (p < 0.05). SO imparted a bright orange color to the mayonnaise as evidenced by increased a* and b* values with lower L* values (p < 0.05). Moreover, the impact of a fish myofibrillar protein (FMP) substitution for egg yolk (0, 25, 50, 75%) in mayonnaise containing SO (5% and 10%) was also studied. Increasing the level of FMP substitution in SO-added mayonnaise showed a dilution effect and reduced a* and b* values (p < 0.05). In addition, excessive FMP substitution up to 75% drastically increased centrifugal and thermal creaming indices, indicating lowered stability (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, with the augmenting FMP substitutions, the viscosity, texture, and rheological properties in mayonnaise became lower (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in overall acceptability scores between 5% SO-added mayonnaise with 25% FMP substitution (SO5:FMP25) and 5% SO-added mayonnaise without FMP substitution (SO5:FMP0) (p > 0.05). A confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) study revealed a smaller droplet and less aggregation in the SO5:FMP0 sample, compared to SO5:FMP25. The incorporation of SO and FMP substitution yielded the resulting mayonnaise, which met the requirements of a healthy food since SO is rich in PUFA and the replacement of egg yolk by FMP can contribute several health benefits. The incorporation of SO as well as FMP as substitution for egg yolk therefore has potential in the development of functional foods.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) is a valuable parameter used to determine the relative hydrophobicity of a compound based on its chemical structure. This semi-empirical parameter has been instrumental in formulating oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions using well-characterized ingredients with known HLB values. However, recent trends toward the use of minimally processed “virgin” oils of therapeutic or nutritional value may render the reported “required HLB” values inaccurate. Minimally processed oils can contain numerous compounds at varying or unknown concentrations, rendering the HLB value incalculable. Factors such as regional source, growing season, and processing method contribute to the variability in oil composition. Furthermore, the solubilization of lipophilic bioactives in oils can significantly alter the HLB of the oil phase in a concentration-dependent manner. This complicates the formulation of emulsions, as the HLB values of both the oil phase and emulsifiers must be closely matched to achieve stable formulations. This study presents a simple and efficient experimental method to determine an HLB value of a complex ingredient without resorting to lengthy Design-of-Experiment (DoE) matrices and trial-and-error approaches. The optimal HLB of a formulation can be determined from a series of experiments in which two well-characterized surfactants of known HLB values are mixed at varying proportions with an unknown oil phase, where the HLB of the oil is considered to match the HLB value of the surfactants combined at the proportion at which nanoemulsions with the smallest, most stable oil droplets are formed. Similarly, when the HLB values of the oil phase and other contributing components are precisely known, the unknown HLB of a complex natural surfactant can be calculated. These calculations assist in formulating emulsions efficiently and effectively by ensuring optimal compatibility among all the components.
{"title":"Theoretical and Experimental Determinations of the Hydrophilic–Lipophilic Balance (HLB) of Representative Oils and Lecithins","authors":"Gary Smejkal, Vera S. Gross, Alexander Lazarev","doi":"10.3390/colloids8020021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8020021","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) is a valuable parameter used to determine the relative hydrophobicity of a compound based on its chemical structure. This semi-empirical parameter has been instrumental in formulating oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions using well-characterized ingredients with known HLB values. However, recent trends toward the use of minimally processed “virgin” oils of therapeutic or nutritional value may render the reported “required HLB” values inaccurate. Minimally processed oils can contain numerous compounds at varying or unknown concentrations, rendering the HLB value incalculable. Factors such as regional source, growing season, and processing method contribute to the variability in oil composition. Furthermore, the solubilization of lipophilic bioactives in oils can significantly alter the HLB of the oil phase in a concentration-dependent manner. This complicates the formulation of emulsions, as the HLB values of both the oil phase and emulsifiers must be closely matched to achieve stable formulations. This study presents a simple and efficient experimental method to determine an HLB value of a complex ingredient without resorting to lengthy Design-of-Experiment (DoE) matrices and trial-and-error approaches. The optimal HLB of a formulation can be determined from a series of experiments in which two well-characterized surfactants of known HLB values are mixed at varying proportions with an unknown oil phase, where the HLB of the oil is considered to match the HLB value of the surfactants combined at the proportion at which nanoemulsions with the smallest, most stable oil droplets are formed. Similarly, when the HLB values of the oil phase and other contributing components are precisely known, the unknown HLB of a complex natural surfactant can be calculated. These calculations assist in formulating emulsions efficiently and effectively by ensuring optimal compatibility among all the components.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The starting rotation of a porous sphere induced by the sudden application of a continuous torque about its diameter at the center of a spherical cavity filled with an incompressible Newtonian fluid at low Reynolds numbers is analyzed. The unsteady Stokes and Brinkman equations governing the fluid velocities outside and inside the porous particle, respectively, are solved via the Laplace transform, and an explicit formula of its dynamic angular velocity as a function of the pertinent parameters is obtained. The behavior of the start-up rotation of an isolated porous particle and the cavity wall effect on the particle rotation are interesting. The angular velocity of the particle grows incessantly over time from an initial zero to its final value, while the angular acceleration declines with time continuously. In general, the transient angular velocity is an increasing function of the porosity of the particle. A porous sphere with higher fluid permeability rotates at higher angular velocity and acceleration relative to the reference particle at any elapsed time but lags behind the reference particle in the percentage growth of angular velocity towards the respective terminal values. The transient angular velocity decreases with increasing particle-to-cavity radius ratio, but it is not a sensitive function of the radius ratio when the resistance to fluid flow inside the porous particle or the radius ratio itself is small.
{"title":"Start-Up Rotation of a Porous Colloidal Sphere in a Cavity","authors":"Chan W. Yu, H. Keh","doi":"10.3390/colloids8020020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8020020","url":null,"abstract":"The starting rotation of a porous sphere induced by the sudden application of a continuous torque about its diameter at the center of a spherical cavity filled with an incompressible Newtonian fluid at low Reynolds numbers is analyzed. The unsteady Stokes and Brinkman equations governing the fluid velocities outside and inside the porous particle, respectively, are solved via the Laplace transform, and an explicit formula of its dynamic angular velocity as a function of the pertinent parameters is obtained. The behavior of the start-up rotation of an isolated porous particle and the cavity wall effect on the particle rotation are interesting. The angular velocity of the particle grows incessantly over time from an initial zero to its final value, while the angular acceleration declines with time continuously. In general, the transient angular velocity is an increasing function of the porosity of the particle. A porous sphere with higher fluid permeability rotates at higher angular velocity and acceleration relative to the reference particle at any elapsed time but lags behind the reference particle in the percentage growth of angular velocity towards the respective terminal values. The transient angular velocity decreases with increasing particle-to-cavity radius ratio, but it is not a sensitive function of the radius ratio when the resistance to fluid flow inside the porous particle or the radius ratio itself is small.","PeriodicalId":10433,"journal":{"name":"Colloids and Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140251995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：