Clinical Oral Investigations最新文献

Objectives: The current literature lacks the correlation between serum levels of vitamin D and interleukin-8 (IL-8) to the stages of periodontitis. The present research objectives are to evaluate the serum levels of vitamin D and IL-8 in periodontitis participants and healthy controls and to measure their correlation with the stages of periodontitis.

Methods: The current case-control study was conducted on patients with periodontitis and healthy controls. After obtaining a questionnaire from the participants, the following clinical parameters were measured; periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and tooth count. The serum levels of vitamin D and IL-8 were measured using ELISA kits. Then, we measured the correlation of the stages of periodontitis with the serum levels of vitamin D and IL-8.

Results: Ninety-eight participants; 52 with periodontitis and 46 healthy controls were included. The patients with periodontitis showed a significantly lower level of vitamin D, higher PPD, CAL, BOP, and lower number of teeth than the controls. In addition, serum vitamin D significantly correlated with the stages of periodontitis. Serum IL-8 showed no significant difference between the study and control groups while it does not significantly correlate with the stages of periodontitis.

Conclusion: The current study's findings suggest a potential association between serum level of vitamin D with severity of periodontitis which necessitates screening vitamin D status in patients with periodontitis and investigating the possibility of vitamin D supplementation in decreasing the progression of periodontitis.

Objectives: To evaluate at which thickness marginal bone becomes visible to the observer on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and how reconstruction technique and viewing mode affect assessment.

Materials and methods: Fourteen anterior teeth from six human mandibles were examined with two CBCT resolution protocols: standard- and high-resolution. Distance from the cementoenamel junction to the visible marginal bone level (MBL) was measured in three groups of reconstructed CBCT images: multiplanar reformation (MPR) with grey scale, MPR with inverted grey scale, and 3D rendering. These measurements were used to identify the bone level where marginal bone width should be measured on histological photographs of sliced teeth. Gold standards comprised measurements of bone thickness at the superior MBL on histological photographs.

Results: MPR grey scale images exposed at high-resolution settings yielded highest validity: bone widths of 0.173 mm (buccal) and 0.356 mm (lingual) were necessary for visibility on a CBCT image. 3D-rendered lingual surfaces exposed with high-resolution settings had lowest validity. Intra-observer agreement for all CBCT and histological measurements was high.

Conclusion: The best CBCT resolution protocol, reconstruction technique, and viewing mode for analyzing buccal and lingual surfaces of the alveolar bone margin are images exposed with a high-resolution protocol, reconstructed using MPR, and viewed in grey scale. Bone thickness required to be visualized was twice lingually compared to buccally.

Clinical relevance: The visualization of bone thickness in CBCT requires a greater thickness on the lingual side compared to the buccal side. 3D-rendered reconstructions should be avoided when evaluating thin bony structures.

Objective: This study aimed to examine and compare the efficacy of mouthwashes containing different proteins and peptide on the prevention of enamel erosion in vivo, as well as to evaluate the participants' satisfaction with the formulations.

Methods: Twelve participants were selected and underwent five cross-over mouthwash phases: Water (control); 0.1 mg/mL CaneCPI-5; 0.5 mg/mL MaquiCPI-3; 0.1 mg/mL CsinCPI-2; and 0.037 mg/mL Stn15pSpS. After prophylaxis, the participants rinsed (1 min), followed by the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) formation (2 h). An erosive challenge was made (biopsy, citric acid 1%, 15s) on the buccal surface of the central maxillary incisors. The Relative Surface Reflection Intensity (%SRI) was assessed and analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey's tests. The calcium release in acid was measured by the Arsenazo method and verified by Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's tests. The Spearman's correlation was used between analyses. A questionnaire evaluated the satisfaction of participants.

Results: For both analyses, the results showed that mouthwashes containing the proteins or peptide were significantly more effective in preventing enamel erosion compared to deionized water, with no significant differences among the active ingredients (p < 0.05). Also, there was a significant negative correlation between %SRI and calcium released (r=-0.5754). The questionnaire revealed that the volunteers were satisfied with the taste of the products. In addition, the experimental procedures were well tolerable, and no side effects were reported.

Conclusion: All mouthwashes containing proteins or peptide were acceptable and effective in protecting enamel against initial dental erosion in vivo.

Clinical significance: This study highlights the potential of these pioneer organic components for the development of mouthwashes designed for people with risk of erosive tooth wear.

Objectives: To assess the influence of different primer compositions-silane (S), 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP), and the combination of silane and MDP (S + MDP)-on the bonding performance of MDP-free and MDP-containing resin cements to highly translucent zirconia.

Materials and methods: Tribochemical silica-coated zirconia plates were pretreated with one of three experimental primers, S, MDP, or S + MDP, with untreated specimens serving as controls. Subsequently, these plates were bonded to stainless-steel rods using either two MDP-free or two MDP-containing resin cements. Tensile bond strength was measured after 24 h (TC0) and following thermal cycling (4-60 °C for 10,000 cycles; TC10,000). Data were analyzed using a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer post hoc tests (α = 0.05). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) assessed the elemental mass concentrations on the zirconia surfaces.

Results: For MDP-free resin cements, MDP-treated specimens exhibited significantly greater bond strengths than controls, regardless of the aging conditions. However, a significant reduction in bond strength was observed between TC0 and TC10,000 in most of the MDP-free resin cement groups, except for one S + MDP group. Conversely, for MDP-containing resin cements, the S + MDP group exhibited no statistically significant differences between aging conditions. Notably, XPS analysis detected silicon, zirconium, and aluminum on the zirconia surfaces.

Conclusions: No significant difference in tensile bond strength was observed between aging conditions for MDP-containing resin cements bonded to tribochemical silica-coated zirconia primed with S + MDP.

Clinical relevance: The combination of MDP-containing primers and resin cements demonstrated superior bonding performance to tribochemical silica-coated zirconia.

Objective: This study evaluated the influence of tooth shade, resin-based luting agent shade values, and ceramic thickness on the optical properties of CLVs.

Materials and methods: The study involved 16 participants who received 95 CLVs. CIE L*, a*, b* color coordinates were assessed with a clinical spectrophotometer. Variables considered were: luting agent value in three levels (high, medium, low); tooth shade before and after preparation in two levels (lighter and darker shades); and CLV thickness in two levels (< 1 mm, ≥ 1 mm). The color difference (ΔE₀₀) was analyzed under four scenarios, utilizing statistical methods suitable for non-normal distributions.

Results: Ninety-five CLVs (n = 95) were analyzed, ceramic thicknesses mean (SD) values were 0.70 (± 0.15) for < 1 mm group and 1.19 (0.20) for ≥ 1 mm group. ΔE₀₀ values ranging from 2.93 to 9.72, all exceeding the thresholds of perceptibility and acceptability. Significant variations were observed in optical outcomes based on the clinical variables studied, particularly showing that high-value luting agents are more effective over darker substrates (p = 0.043). Thicker ceramics significantly improved masking capabilities, demonstrating their critical role in esthetic treatments (p = 0.024). No significant differences were found regarding the tooth shade after preparation (p = 0.215).

Conclusion: The study confirmed that luting agent shade values and ceramic thickness, critically influence the final optical properties of CLVs. High-value luting agents and thicker ceramics effectively achieved acceptable color differences, especially over darker tooth substrates. These findings underscore the importance of carefully selecting materials and techniques to optimize optical outcomes in CLV restorations.

Clinical significance: Luting agent's value and ceramic thickness plays a critical role in achieving natural-looking ceramic laminate veneers, especially on darker tooth substrates. These factors significantly impact the final color matching and esthetic outcome.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of two different viscosities of short fiber-reinforced composite resin (SFRC) cores and two different viscosities of veneering composite resins on the fracture strength of direct occlusal veneers.

Materials and methods: One maxillary premolar was virtually prepared for an occlusal veneer and printed into resin dies. In total, (n = 48) resin dies were printed and assigned into three groups according to the type of core material of the occlusal veneer; mono-structured without a SFRC core, a high viscosity SFRC core, and a low viscosity SFRC core. Each group was re-divided into two subgroups (n = 8) according to the veneering composite resin; packable composite resin and injectable composite resin. Mono-structured and bi-structured direct occlusal veneers were fabricated on the resin dies using the mentioned core and veneering materials with the occlusal replica technique. Fracture strength was evaluated using a universal testing machine and the mode of failure was inspected. Statistical analysis to compare the core and veneering materials was performed using independent t test (P ≤ 0.05) and one-way ANOVA followed by tukey's post hoc test (Pa ≤ 0.0166) when appropriate. Interactions between subgroups were tested using two-way ANOVA, and one-way ANOVA was used to compare all subgroups followed by tukey's post hoc test (Pa ≤ 0.0033). Intergroup comparison between failure modes were performed using chi square test (Pa ≤ 0.0033).

Results: The presence of a SFRC core significantly improved the fracture strength of the specimens. There was no significant difference between the fracture strength of high viscosity SFRC and low viscosity SFRC cores. Specimens veneered with injectable composite resin had significantly superior fracture strength compared to packable composite resin. Additionally, there was a weak correlation between fracture strength and mode of failure.

Conclusion: Short fiber reinforced composite resin significantly increases the fracture strength of direct occlusal veneers. Injectable composite resin has significantly higher fracture strength than packable composite resin as veneering materials of direct occlusal veneers.

Clinical relevance: Bi-structured direct occlusal veneers fabricated of injectable composite resin with low viscosity SFRC cores can withstand high masticatory forces in stress-bearing areas.

Objectives: Wounds may occur in the mouth during orthodontic treatment. Orthodontists use a variety of substances to eliminate the irritation. This randomized clinical trial aimed to examine the effect of orthodontic wax and ora-aid material on wound healing, the duration of staying in the mouth, and the effect on pain and to evaluate the effect on the patient's quality of life.

Materials and methods: The study included two hundred forty patients aged 11-14 years. At the end of 1 week, patients with no wound were determined as the control group G1(n:65), patients using Ormco orthodontic wax as G2(n:86), and patients using Ora-aid as G3(n:89). The patients were asked to fill out the questionnaire given to them five times in total, as T0 when the wound occurred, T1 after 24 h, T2 after 48 h, T3 after 96 h, and T4 after 168 h.

Results: The study's results demonstrated no significant differences in the level of pain between males and females. For all post-baseline time points, the Ora aid group had a lower VAS for pain when compared with the Ormco orthodontic wax group (P < 0.01).

Conclusions: This study demonstrated that ora-aid effectively reduces the mucosal discomfort associated with orthodontic appliances, and this product may be a suitable alternative to traditional orthodontic wax material for dealing with oral mucosal injuries during orthodontic treatment.

Clinical relevance: This product may be a suitable alternative to traditional orthodontic wax material for dealing with oral mucosal injuries during orthodontic treatment.

Objective: The aim of this observational study was to compare the chewing patterns of children with unilateral Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) to those of children without MIH and to assess how the MIH severity influences the risk of chewing deviation. The hypothesis was that children with unilateral MIH would prefer to chew on the side opposite the defect.

Methods: A total of 121 children were included in this investigation and evaluated for their preferred chewing side (PCS). This study population comprised 45 children with unilateral mild MIH (G1), 42 with unilateral severe MIH (G2), and 34 children in the control group (CG) who had no MIH but presented with unilateral chewing complaints.

Results: The PCS pattern differed among the groups, with 31% of the children with MIH and 55.9% of the CG showing bilateral chewing. The chewing deviation prevalence was 24% in the CG and 52% in G2 (χ2 test; p = 0.03). Binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that both severities of MIH influenced the likelihood of chewing deviation (χ2 = 7.33, p = 0.026). Children with unilateral severe MIH were 3.57 times more likely to exhibit chewing deviation than were those without MIH.

Conclusions: The null hypothesis was rejected, indicating that unilateral MIH affects children's masticatory patterns, increasing the risk of chewing deviation.

Clinical relevance: Unilateral chewing may be associated with various health issues, such as temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), decreased hearing, and vision problems. Unilateral MIH is a potential risk factor for unilateral chewing.

Objectives: Platelet concentrates are biomaterials with significant potential in tissue regeneration, functioning as scaffolds with greater leukocyte inclusion and a flexible fibrin mesh. However these concentrates have different preparation methods and biological properties. The objective of this clinical investigation was to evaluate the effects of utilizing platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) materials (L-PRF and A-PRF) as a palatal bandage following free gingival graft (FGG) on patients' morbidity and oral health-related quality of life.

Materials and methods: Thirty-nine participants received FGG to promote keratinized tissue and treat gingival recession. Participants were randomly assigned to L-PRF, A-PRF, and control groups, with 13 participants in each. They used a visual analog scale (VAS) to rate their pain, analgesic medication use, dietary changes, discomfort, and bleeding at 1-7 days, 14 days and 1 month during the healing process. Patients' quality of life was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) at baseline, 1-7 days, 14 days, 1 month, and 6 months.

Results: There was no difference in anxiety levels between the all groups. (p > 0.05). The control group had higher OHIP-14 total scores than the other groups, but the differences were not statistically significant, especially in the first seven days (p > 0.05). In addition, the PRF groups showed an improvement in quality of life after 14 days, 1 month, and 6 months (p < 0.05). Patients' pain and suffering decreased with healing. The control group took more postoperative analgesics than PRF groups. In addition, there was a significant decrease in patient complaints about medicine intake, bleeding, pain, perceived sensitivity, and dietary modifications in all groups during follow-up.

Conclusions: PRF palatal bandages may improve patient's quality of life, donor site healing, postoperative pain and morbidity.

Clinical relevance: This study found that preserving the palate in FGG and employing PRF materials that speed palate healing reduce discomfort and morbidity.