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Dynamic and Time Efficient Data Assignment via the Pointers Matrix 动态和时间效率的数据分配通过指针矩阵
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ECC54610.2021.9655123
Christine Kloock, Herbert Werner
This paper presents an approach that bases on a matrix providing and supporting the time efficient access of agent related data in a multi-agent scenario, e.g. distributed model predictive control. Under some assumptions, the matrix possesses the potential of improving the amount of time required for collecting the required data compared to a basic search routine. Due to the special structure, the matrix can be derived dynamically and can be adapted to a changing number of agents.
本文提出了一种基于矩阵的方法,在多智能体场景中提供并支持对智能体相关数据的高效访问,例如分布式模型预测控制。在某些假设下,与基本搜索例程相比,矩阵具有改进收集所需数据所需时间的潜力。由于特殊的结构,矩阵可以动态导出,并且可以适应不断变化的代理数量。
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引用次数: 0
Fault-Tolerant Trajectory Tracking Control for Autonomous Vehicle Based on Camera and GPS 基于摄像头和GPS的自动驾驶汽车容错轨迹跟踪控制
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ECC54610.2021.9655065
Hakan Basargan, András Mihály, P. Gáspár
The aim of this paper is to design a fault-tolerant trajectory tracking control for an autonomous vehicle based on a camera and Global Positioning System (GPS) unit. The trajectory tracking control has been founded on the Linear Quadratic control framework. The camera and GPS units calculate the lateral error of the vehicle. A standard webcam is used for lane detection and the lateral error of the vehicle is calculated by using the Hough Transform. A GPS sensor, which is the TruckSim model is used to calculate lateral error by comparing it with a reference database. In the case of lateral error calculated from the camera system is unstable and increased abruptly, the camera unit is faulty and lateral error that is provided by the GPS unit is reliable. Then, a reliable sensor signal is used to calculate the lateral error of the vehicle in order to perform trajectory tracking. The TruckSim dynamic vehicle simulation software is used with a real-time Simulink/MATLAB model for validation of this study. During the simulation, extra distortions have been integrated to perform camera fault and the GPS sensor has been considered as a reliable sensor. Results show that the system has performed successful trajectory tracking with the fault scenario.
本文的目的是设计一种基于摄像头和全球定位系统(GPS)单元的自动驾驶汽车容错轨迹跟踪控制。在线性二次控制框架上建立了轨迹跟踪控制。相机和GPS单元计算车辆的横向误差。使用标准的网络摄像头进行车道检测,并使用霍夫变换计算车辆的横向误差。使用TruckSim模型的GPS传感器与参考数据库进行比较,计算横向误差。在相机系统计算的侧向误差不稳定且突然增加的情况下,相机单元是故障的,GPS单元提供的侧向误差是可靠的。然后,利用可靠的传感器信号来计算车辆的横向误差,以便进行轨迹跟踪。采用TruckSim动态车辆仿真软件,结合Simulink/MATLAB实时模型对研究结果进行验证。在仿真过程中,将额外的畸变集成到相机故障中,认为GPS传感器是可靠的传感器。结果表明,该系统在故障场景下进行了成功的轨迹跟踪。
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引用次数: 0
Self-tuning model predictive control for signalized traffic junctions 交通信号交叉口的自调谐模型预测控制
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9654886
Luana Chetcuti Zammit, S. Fabri, K. Scerri
Traffic signal timing plays an important role in ensuring efficient flow and reduction of traffic congestion. Fixed signal times work well when traffic conditions are consistent. However performance degrades when traffic conditions are subject to high demands or during unusual occurrences such as traffic incidents or unanticipated network obstructions, causing significant changes to the normal traffic conditions. To address these situations, several traffic-responsive systems were proposed. However in these cases, the controller parameters are typically set at installation and not adaptively tuned to changing traffic behaviour. Hence, in this work, a novel adaptive control system which can self-tune to respond to changing traffic conditions is developed, leading towards an autonomic system. This system makes use of a MPC based approach which can autonomously tune the controller to ensure good performance despite changing traffic conditions. Different norms were tested as objective functions for the optimization problem. Results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed traffic light timing controller.
交通信号配时在保证高效通行和减少交通拥堵方面起着重要作用。当交通状况一致时,固定的信号时间效果很好。但是,当交通条件受到高要求或发生异常情况(例如交通事故或意外的网络阻塞)时,性能会下降,导致正常的交通条件发生重大变化。为了解决这些情况,提出了几种交通响应系统。然而,在这些情况下,控制器参数通常是在安装时设置的,而不是根据不断变化的流量行为进行自适应调整。因此,在这项工作中,开发了一种新的自适应控制系统,该系统可以自调整以响应不断变化的交通状况,从而实现自主系统。该系统采用基于MPC的方法,可以在不断变化的交通条件下自主调整控制器以确保良好的性能。测试了不同的规范作为优化问题的目标函数。结果表明,所提出的红绿灯定时控制器是有效的。
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引用次数: 2
Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion Control of Long-Stroke Pneumatic Actuators 长行程气动执行器的增量非线性动态反演控制
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9654927
Hemjyoti Das, D. Pool, E. Kampen
Pneumatic cylinders provide an environment-friendly actuation means by minimizing the leakage of any harmful industrial fluids, as occurs for hydraulic actuators. However, pneumatic actuation has not been utilized widely for industrial servo applications due to its highly nonlinear nature. Incremental nonlinear dynamic inversion (INDI) is a form of nonlinear dynamic inversion (NDI) that relies less on plant-model information, and is thus inherently robust to mismatches in the known plant-model, and also to external disturbances. Developing an incremental nonlinear controller for a pneumatic system is the main focus of this research article, which is accomplished by utilizing a cascaded-control approach, where the inner-loop INDI tracks a given force and the outer-loop NDI is for controlling the piston-position. Moreover, realistic sensor noises have been added in the simulation and the robustness of the incremental approach is demonstrated with respect to a baseline PID controller.
气动气缸通过最大限度地减少任何有害工业流体的泄漏,提供了一种环保的驱动手段,就像液压执行器一样。然而,气动驱动由于其高度非线性的特性,在工业伺服应用中尚未得到广泛应用。增量非线性动态反演(INDI)是非线性动态反演(NDI)的一种形式,它对植物模型信息依赖较少,因此对已知植物模型的不匹配和外部干扰具有固有的鲁棒性。开发气动系统的增量非线性控制器是本文的主要研究重点,该控制器通过利用级联控制方法完成,其中内环NDI跟踪给定的力,外环NDI用于控制活塞位置。此外,在仿真中加入了真实的传感器噪声,并证明了增量方法相对于基线PID控制器的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
Observer-based Control for Vehicle Platooning with a Leader of Varying Velocity 变速度先导车辆队列的观测器控制
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9655140
Wei Jiang, E. Abolfazli, Themistoklis Charalambous
This paper studies the internal stability and string stability of a vehicle platooning with a varying-velocity leader using a multiple-predecessor following strategy via vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Unlike the common case in which the leader’s velocity is constant and different kinds of PID controllers are implemented, in this case, the fact that the leader has a velocity that varies over time, necessitates the design of an observer. First, in order to estimate the position, velocity and acceleration error between the follower and the leader, an observer is designed whose parameters are the entries of a matrix. The matrix format of the observer is later reduced to a specific observer parameter matrix form. This new observer turns out to have a third order integrator dynamics, which is used to generate the parameter conditions to guarantee the string stability. Additionally, instead of a typical PID controller, an observer-based controller is developed which only needs local information. The effectiveness of the proposed observer and controller is demonstrated via an illustrative example.
本文研究了基于车对车通信的多前驱跟踪策略下变速前驱车辆队列的内部稳定性和串稳定性。不像通常的情况下,领导者的速度是恒定的,不同类型的PID控制器被实现,在这种情况下,领导者的速度随时间变化的事实,需要一个观察者的设计。首先,为了估计follower和leader之间的位置、速度和加速度误差,设计了一个观测器,其参数为矩阵的项。随后将观测器的矩阵格式简化为特定的观测器参数矩阵形式。该观测器具有三阶积分力,用于生成保证弦稳定性的参数条件。此外,本文还设计了一种基于观测器的控制器来代替传统的PID控制器,该控制器只需要局部信息。通过实例验证了所提观测器和控制器的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Controller identification for data-driven model-reference distributed control 数据驱动模型参考分布式控制的控制器辨识
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9655114
T. Steentjes, M. Lazar, P. V. D. Hof
This paper considers data-driven distributed controller synthesis for interconnected linear systems subject to unmeasured disturbances. The considered problem is the op-timization of a model-reference control criterion, where the reference model is described by a decoupled system. We provide a method to determine the optimal distributed controller by performing network identification in an augmented network. Sufficient conditions are provided for which the data-driven method solves the distributed model-reference control problem, whereas state-of-the-art methods for data-driven distributed control can only provide performance guarantees in the absence of disturbances. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated via a simple network example consisting of two interconnected systems.
研究了具有不可测扰动的互联线性系统的数据驱动分布式控制器综合问题。考虑的问题是模型-参考控制准则的最优化,其中参考模型由解耦系统描述。我们提供了一种通过在增强网络中执行网络识别来确定最优分布式控制器的方法。提供了数据驱动方法解决分布式模型参考控制问题的充分条件,而现有的数据驱动分布式控制方法只能在没有干扰的情况下提供性能保证。通过一个由两个互连系统组成的简单网络实例,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
On imitation dynamics in population games with Markov switching 马尔可夫交换群体博弈中的模仿动力学
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9655147
Rafael F. Cunha, Lorenzo Zino, M. Cao
Imitation dynamics in population games are a class of evolutionary game-theoretic models, widely used to study decision-making processes in social groups. Different from other models, imitation dynamics allow players to have minimal information on the structure of the game they are playing, and are thus suitable for many applications, including traffic management, marketing, and disease control. In this work, we study a general case of imitation dynamics where the structure of the game and the imitation mechanisms change in time due to external factors, such as weather conditions or social trends. These changes are modeled using a continuous-time Markov jump process. We present tools to identify the dominant strategy that emerges from the dynamics through methodological analysis of the function parameters. Numerical simulations are provided to support our theoretical findings.
群体博弈中的模仿动力学是一类进化博弈论模型,广泛用于研究社会群体的决策过程。与其他模型不同的是,模仿动力学允许玩家对他们正在玩的游戏的结构拥有最少的信息,因此适用于许多应用,包括交通管理、市场营销和疾病控制。在这项工作中,我们研究了模仿动力学的一般情况,其中游戏结构和模仿机制由于外部因素(如天气条件或社会趋势)而随时间变化。这些变化使用连续时间马尔可夫跳跃过程建模。我们提出的工具,以确定通过功能参数的方法学分析,从动态出现的主导战略。数值模拟支持了我们的理论发现。
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引用次数: 2
Convergence conditions for Persidskii systems Persidskii系统的收敛条件
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9655048
Wenjie Mei, D. Efimov, R. Ushirobira, A. Aleksandrov
A class of generalized Persidskii systems is considered in this work. The conditions of convergence for Persidskii systems are introduced, which can be checked through linear matrix inequalities. Also, the case of almost periodic convergence of this class of dynamics with almost periodic input is studied. The proposed results are applied to a Lotka-Volterra model.
本文研究了一类广义Persidskii系统。介绍了Persidskii系统的收敛条件,并利用线性矩阵不等式对其收敛条件进行检验。同时,研究了这类具有概周期输入的动力学的概周期收敛情况。提出的结果应用于Lotka-Volterra模型。
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引用次数: 3
Filter-Bank Approach within Tightly-Coupled Navigation System for Integrity Enhancement in Maritime Applications 紧密耦合导航系统中的滤波器组方法在海事应用中的完整性增强
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9655098
S. Liu, Jan-Jöran Gehrt, D. Abel, R. Zweigel
Navigation systems, estimating the vehicle states with high accuracy, robustness and integrity, are crucial for guidance system in autonomous applications. This publication presents a filter-bank approach designed for a tightly-coupled navigation system, aiming at improving the integrity of the navigation system and the accuracy of the estimated navigation solution under sensor failures. In particular, this navigation system is based on an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and is aided by pseudorange and deltarange-observation of satellite systems, and 3D velocity measurements from a Doppler velocity log (DVL). The designed filter-bank approach proposes a new structure, which handles the challenge of different update rates and measurement delays of the involved sensors. Under IMU failures, the estimated states from the filter bank are reversed to estimate the vehicle acceleration, which improves the IMU bias and state estimation performance at next epochs. The designed approach is validated in a real-time test campaign with an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) in the harbor of Rostock, Germany. During the real-time test, several forms of simulative faults are added to the DVL measurements to evaluate the designed approach. Meanwhile, all necessary sensor data is recorded for further evaluation in post-processing environment. The experimental results show that the designed approach is capable of identifying the simulated sensor failures. Compared with conventional tightly-coupled extended Kalman filter (EKF), the designed approach improves the average horizontal positioning accuracy and its standard deviation under simulative DVL failures by 167% and 771%, respectively.
高精度、鲁棒性和完整性估计车辆状态的导航系统对自动驾驶制导系统至关重要。本文提出了一种用于紧耦合导航系统的滤波器组方法,旨在提高导航系统的完整性和传感器故障下估计导航解的准确性。特别是,该导航系统基于惯性测量单元(IMU),并辅以卫星系统的伪距离和三角距离观测,以及多普勒速度日志(DVL)的三维速度测量。设计的滤波器组方法提出了一种新的结构,可以处理不同传感器更新速率和测量延迟的挑战。在IMU故障情况下,从滤波器组中估计的状态被反转来估计车辆加速度,从而改善了IMU在下一个时代的偏差和状态估计性能。设计的方法在德国罗斯托克港的无人水面车辆(USV)的实时测试中得到了验证。在实时测试中,将几种形式的模拟故障添加到DVL测量中,以评估所设计的方法。同时,记录所有必要的传感器数据,供后处理环境进一步评估。实验结果表明,所设计的方法能够识别模拟传感器故障。与传统的紧密耦合扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)相比,该方法在模拟DVL故障下的平均水平定位精度和标准差分别提高了167%和771%。
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引用次数: 1
T-S Fuzzy Model-Based Robust Output-Feedback Control for Fractional-Order Systems 分数阶系统的T-S模糊鲁棒输出反馈控制
Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.23919/ecc54610.2021.9655089
R. Chaibi, M. Yagoubi, B. E. Haiek
This paper proposes a robust dynamic output feedback control for uncertain fractional-order systems based on an uncertain Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model with a fractional-order satisfying 0<α<1. By means of a specific Lyapunov function, some sufficient conditions, expressed as linear matrix inequalities, are derived to allow the design of a stabilizing dynamic output feedback controller for the said fractional-order system. When compared with previous work, the proposed method not only shows abilities to handle the fuzzy system with the time-derivatives of the membership functions but also can deal with the parametric uncertainties effectively. A simulation example is given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed conditions.
基于分数阶满足0<α<1的不确定Takagi-Sugeno模糊模型,提出了一种不确定分数阶系统的鲁棒动态输出反馈控制方法。利用特定的Lyapunov函数,导出了用线性矩阵不等式表示的分数阶系统动态输出反馈稳定化控制器的充分条件。与以往的研究结果相比,该方法不仅能有效地处理模糊系统中隶属函数的时间导数,而且能有效地处理参数的不确定性。仿真实例验证了所提条件的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2021 European Control Conference (ECC)
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