Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1142/S1793528811000214
P. Samanta, P. Chaudhuri
{"title":"CORRIGENDUM: \"WEAK QUANTUM CONFINEMENT IN ZnO NANORODS: A ONE DIMENSIONAL POTENTIAL WELL APPROACH\"","authors":"P. Samanta, P. Chaudhuri","doi":"10.1142/S1793528811000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528811000214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132437775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-21DOI: 10.1142/S1793528811000184
P. Samanta
We report here the weak quantum confinement effect in zinc oxide nanorods fabricated by a simple wet chemical method at room temperature. The formation of nanorods was confirmed through X-ray diffraction measurements. The particle size was also determined from the X-ray diffraction pattern and was found to be 20 nm. The band gap was calculated from the UV-Visible spectrum and found to be 3.72 eV, which is higher as compared to the bulk ZnO. It owes its value to the quantum confinement effect. However, the large particle size indicates that the confinement is weak in nature. The photoluminescence spectrum shows a strong emission peak at 421 nm accompanied by several much weaker defect related emissions in the visible region. Using the weak confinement model, we identified the transition levels for those emissions.
{"title":"WEAK QUANTUM CONFINEMENT IN ZnO NANORODS: A ONE DIMENSIONAL POTENTIAL WELL APPROACH","authors":"P. Samanta","doi":"10.1142/S1793528811000184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528811000184","url":null,"abstract":"We report here the weak quantum confinement effect in zinc oxide nanorods fabricated by a simple wet chemical method at room temperature. The formation of nanorods was confirmed through X-ray diffraction measurements. The particle size was also determined from the X-ray diffraction pattern and was found to be 20 nm. The band gap was calculated from the UV-Visible spectrum and found to be 3.72 eV, which is higher as compared to the bulk ZnO. It owes its value to the quantum confinement effect. However, the large particle size indicates that the confinement is weak in nature. The photoluminescence spectrum shows a strong emission peak at 421 nm accompanied by several much weaker defect related emissions in the visible region. Using the weak confinement model, we identified the transition levels for those emissions.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125902364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-21DOI: 10.1142/S1793528811000160
S. Iftiquar, Yenny Wijaya, R. Dumke
Lasing behavior of water soluble (CdSe)ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QD) has been investigated in a spherical liquid microdrop cavity. We have estimated the minimum volume fraction of QD necessary for lasing as 9.27 ×10-6 and emission cross section of the QDs as 4.5 ×10-15 cm2. The microdrop liquid cavity has been characterized with the help of rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) dye and we found its cavity Q factor in whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonance to be 1.4 ×104.
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF (CdSe)ZnS CORE-SHELL QUANTUM DOTS IN MICRODROP LASER CAVITY","authors":"S. Iftiquar, Yenny Wijaya, R. Dumke","doi":"10.1142/S1793528811000160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528811000160","url":null,"abstract":"Lasing behavior of water soluble (CdSe)ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QD) has been investigated in a spherical liquid microdrop cavity. We have estimated the minimum volume fraction of QD necessary for lasing as 9.27 ×10-6 and emission cross section of the QDs as 4.5 ×10-15 cm2. The microdrop liquid cavity has been characterized with the help of rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) dye and we found its cavity Q factor in whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonance to be 1.4 ×104.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128542130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-21DOI: 10.1142/S1793528811000159
K. Mukherjee
A novel method of implementation of frequency encoded reconfigurable logic gates NOT, OR, AND, NOR, NAND, X-OR, X-NOR is discussed. The frequency sources and physical requirements for the implementation are also discussed. The non-linear material (liquid) suitable for these operations to be performed should be of large non-linear coefficient, high reverse saturation absorption, large thermo optic coefficient and low viscosity to get transformed into gas quickly when illuminated with a controlling beam of suitable intensity. The input controlling beams used to induce non-linearity in the switch are either of frequency υ1 or υ2 and the probe beam is a mixed signal of frequencies υ1 and υ2. The controlling inputs decide the output conditions of the probe to get different logic gates. The gates are reconfigurable in the sense that we can get one gate from another gate by just changing the filters used in the output ports or tuning the filters.
{"title":"ON THE METHOD OF IMPLEMENTATION OF FREQUENCY ENCODED ALL OPTICAL RECONFIGURABLE LOGIC GATES BASED ON TOTAL REFLECTIONAL OPTICAL SWITCH AT THE INTERFACE","authors":"K. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1142/S1793528811000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528811000159","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method of implementation of frequency encoded reconfigurable logic gates NOT, OR, AND, NOR, NAND, X-OR, X-NOR is discussed. The frequency sources and physical requirements for the implementation are also discussed. The non-linear material (liquid) suitable for these operations to be performed should be of large non-linear coefficient, high reverse saturation absorption, large thermo optic coefficient and low viscosity to get transformed into gas quickly when illuminated with a controlling beam of suitable intensity. The input controlling beams used to induce non-linearity in the switch are either of frequency υ1 or υ2 and the probe beam is a mixed signal of frequencies υ1 and υ2. The controlling inputs decide the output conditions of the probe to get different logic gates. The gates are reconfigurable in the sense that we can get one gate from another gate by just changing the filters used in the output ports or tuning the filters.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125311713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-21DOI: 10.1142/S1793528811000147
P. Phongsanam, C. Teeka, S. Mitatha, P. Yupapin
In this paper, a novel system of simultaneous optical logic AND and OR gates using dark-bright soliton conversion within a photonic circuit is proposed. The input logic '0' and control logic '0' are formed by using the dark soliton pulse (D) trains. We found that the simultaneous optical logic AND and OR gates at the drop and through ports can be formed, respectively.
{"title":"SIMULTANEOUS ALL-OPTICAL LOGIC AND AND OR GATES BASED ON PHOTONIC CIRCUITS","authors":"P. Phongsanam, C. Teeka, S. Mitatha, P. Yupapin","doi":"10.1142/S1793528811000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528811000147","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel system of simultaneous optical logic AND and OR gates using dark-bright soliton conversion within a photonic circuit is proposed. The input logic '0' and control logic '0' are formed by using the dark soliton pulse (D) trains. We found that the simultaneous optical logic AND and OR gates at the drop and through ports can be formed, respectively.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130534660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-21DOI: 10.1142/S1793528811000135
P. R. Babu, K. Senthilnathan
We consider an optical pulse propagation in a one-dimensional nonlinear periodic structure doped uniformly with inhomogeneously broadening two-level atoms wherein the pulse propagation is governed by the nonlinear coupled mode-Maxwell Bloch equations. We investigate the pulse-train like periodic waves as well as bright and dark solitons near the photonic bandgap structure under the influence of self-induced transparency (SIT) effect. Further, we demonstrate that the resulting bright and dark SIT Bragg solitons may be realized both in anomalous and normal dispersion regimes, and this novel concept is ultimately the crux of this paper.
{"title":"SELF-INDUCED TRANSPARENCY BRAGG SOLITONS IN A NONLINEAR PHOTONIC BANDGAP STRUCTURE","authors":"P. R. Babu, K. Senthilnathan","doi":"10.1142/S1793528811000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528811000135","url":null,"abstract":"We consider an optical pulse propagation in a one-dimensional nonlinear periodic structure doped uniformly with inhomogeneously broadening two-level atoms wherein the pulse propagation is governed by the nonlinear coupled mode-Maxwell Bloch equations. We investigate the pulse-train like periodic waves as well as bright and dark solitons near the photonic bandgap structure under the influence of self-induced transparency (SIT) effect. Further, we demonstrate that the resulting bright and dark SIT Bragg solitons may be realized both in anomalous and normal dispersion regimes, and this novel concept is ultimately the crux of this paper.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126564638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1142/S1793528810000128
Quan Xu, K. Xie, Yiying Wang, Jun Tang
A highly efficient spatial beam splitter based on coupled cavity waveguide with surface taper modification structure is proposed. The beam splitter is analyzed with the finite difference time domain numerical method. By modifying the number of the coupled multi-channel taper cylinders along horizontal direction and the number of waveguides along vertical direction, the spatial profile of the electric field can be varied and the direction of Poynting vector can be changed.
{"title":"HIGHLY EFFICIENT SPATIAL BEAM SPLITTER BASED ON COUPLED CAVITY WAVEGUIDE WITH SURFACE TAPER MODIFICATION","authors":"Quan Xu, K. Xie, Yiying Wang, Jun Tang","doi":"10.1142/S1793528810000128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528810000128","url":null,"abstract":"A highly efficient spatial beam splitter based on coupled cavity waveguide with surface taper modification structure is proposed. The beam splitter is analyzed with the finite difference time domain numerical method. By modifying the number of the coupled multi-channel taper cylinders along horizontal direction and the number of waveguides along vertical direction, the spatial profile of the electric field can be varied and the direction of Poynting vector can be changed.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129914380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1142/S1793528810000074
Sisir Kumar Garai, S. Mukhopadhyay
Optical data processors are the integral parts of an optical computer. Since the last few decades, many types of optical data processors were proposed based on different encoding principles such as intensity encoding, polarization encoding, phase encoding etc. Very recently, frequency encoding/decoding technique have also been well-established. The beauty of frequency encoding is that frequency is the fundamental identity of any signal; and it preserves its identity irrespective of reflection, refraction, absorption etc throughout the transmission of the signal. In this communication, the authors propose a method of developing half subtractor system adopting the frequency encoding technique. For this purpose, co-propagating beams having different frequencies in C-band are used for generating cascaded sum and difference frequency, exploiting the nonlinear response character of periodically poled LiNbO3 waveguide. The frequency conversion property of reflecting semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) and the frequency routing property of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) based optical add/drop multiplexer has been exploited here to obtain the desired half subtraction operation.
{"title":"ALL-OPTICAL FREQUENCY ENCODED BINARY HALF SUBTRACTOR USING PERIODICALLY POLED LITHIUM NIOBATE WAVEGUIDE AND REFLECTING SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIER","authors":"Sisir Kumar Garai, S. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1142/S1793528810000074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528810000074","url":null,"abstract":"Optical data processors are the integral parts of an optical computer. Since the last few decades, many types of optical data processors were proposed based on different encoding principles such as intensity encoding, polarization encoding, phase encoding etc. Very recently, frequency encoding/decoding technique have also been well-established. The beauty of frequency encoding is that frequency is the fundamental identity of any signal; and it preserves its identity irrespective of reflection, refraction, absorption etc throughout the transmission of the signal. In this communication, the authors propose a method of developing half subtractor system adopting the frequency encoding technique. For this purpose, co-propagating beams having different frequencies in C-band are used for generating cascaded sum and difference frequency, exploiting the nonlinear response character of periodically poled LiNbO3 waveguide. The frequency conversion property of reflecting semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) and the frequency routing property of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) based optical add/drop multiplexer has been exploited here to obtain the desired half subtraction operation.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123666294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1142/S1793528810000104
Soma Dutta, S. Mukhopadhyay
Optics is found as a very potential candidate in information processing and computing. Several all optical methods have been proposed for implementation of all optical logic and arithmetic devices during the last few decades. In this regard, the role of optical tree architecture can be mentioned as an important approach for conversion of an optical data from binary to decimal and vice-versa. In this communication, the authors propose a new concept of conversion of a binary number having some fraction (fractional value) to its equivalent decimal counterpart and its vice-versa. To perform this operation, optical tree and some nonlinear material based switches are used properly.
{"title":"ALL-OPTICAL APPROACH FOR CONVERSION OF A BINARY NUMBER HAVING A FRACTIONAL PART TO ITS DECIMAL EQUIVALENT AND VICE-VERSA","authors":"Soma Dutta, S. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1142/S1793528810000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528810000104","url":null,"abstract":"Optics is found as a very potential candidate in information processing and computing. Several all optical methods have been proposed for implementation of all optical logic and arithmetic devices during the last few decades. In this regard, the role of optical tree architecture can be mentioned as an important approach for conversion of an optical data from binary to decimal and vice-versa. In this communication, the authors propose a new concept of conversion of a binary number having some fraction (fractional value) to its equivalent decimal counterpart and its vice-versa. To perform this operation, optical tree and some nonlinear material based switches are used properly.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121477853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1142/S1793528810000086
A. Biswas, D. Milovic, E. Zerrad
This paper carries out the integration of the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger's equation with log law nonlinearity. The solution is a closed form 1-soliton solution that is obtained by He's semi-inverse variational principle. The soliton amplitude and width are in terms of Lambert's function.
{"title":"OPTICAL SOLITON PERTURBATION WITH LOG LAW NONLINEARITY BY HE'S SEMI-INVERSE VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE","authors":"A. Biswas, D. Milovic, E. Zerrad","doi":"10.1142/S1793528810000086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793528810000086","url":null,"abstract":"This paper carries out the integration of the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger's equation with log law nonlinearity. The solution is a closed form 1-soliton solution that is obtained by He's semi-inverse variational principle. The soliton amplitude and width are in terms of Lambert's function.","PeriodicalId":106270,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Photonics Letters","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124515301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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