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Left Behind: Experiences of Community Mental Health Center Clients with Serious Mental Illness During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Left Behind:社区心理健康中心严重精神疾病患者在 COVID-19 大流行期间的经历》(Left Beind: Experiences of Community Mental Health Center Clients with Serious Mental Illness during the COVID-19 Pandemic)。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01264-9
Emily Leickly, Greg Townley

While some international qualitative research has interviewed people with serious mental illnesses (SMI) about their experiences in the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, few US studies have explored their experiences and perspectives as the pandemic has continued. Drawing from disability studies perspectives, this qualitative study conducted in 2022 explored the experiences of people with SMI seeking services at community mental health centers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fifteen clients who identified as living with an SMI and were clients during March 2020 were interviewed. Using narrative analysis, we identified an overarching tenor of client experiences: feeling left behind by institutions and society. This feeling of being left behind was conceptualized as three themes. As the literature around the COVID-19 pandemic grows and we attempt to integrate it into community mental health policy and practice, it is essential to include the experiences and perspectives of clients with lived experience of SMI.

虽然一些国际定性研究对严重精神疾病(SMI)患者在 COVID-19 大流行最初几个月的经历进行了采访,但很少有美国研究对他们在大流行持续期间的经历和观点进行探讨。这项于 2022 年开展的定性研究从残疾研究的视角出发,探讨了 COVID-19 大流行期间在社区心理健康中心寻求服务的 SMI 患者的经历。我们对 2020 年 3 月期间 15 名自称为 SMI 患者的客户进行了访谈。通过叙事分析,我们确定了客户经历的主要基调:感觉被机构和社会遗弃。这种被抛弃的感觉被概念化为三个主题。随着有关 COVID-19 流行病的文献越来越多,我们也试图将其纳入社区心理健康政策和实践中,因此将具有 SMI 患者经历的客户的经验和观点纳入其中是非常重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Juvenile Justice-Based Interdisciplinary Collective Care: An Innovative Approach. 基于少年司法的跨学科集体关怀:创新方法。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01285-4
Shykina Brown, Oscar F Rojas Perez

Mental health concerns among juvenile-justice-involved youth (JJIY) continue to be a major health crisis in the United States (US). While scholarship has explored mental health concerns among JJIY, and the link to negative life outcomes, there are gaps in the existing research, particularly in effective interventions and models aimed at addressing both the mental health concerns and criminogenic risk contributing to recidivism and other negative life outcomes of this population. In this paper, we present Justice-Based Interdisciplinary Collective Care (JBICC), an innovative framework to address both the mental health needs and delinquent behavior of youth offenders. The model bridges community partners, with the purpose of informing future interventions, implementations, and research in this area. Increased justice-based interdisciplinary collective collaboration between the juvenile justice system and community programs/organizations would be a major benefit to youth offenders and their families. We also focus on the need for cultural responsiveness to be interwoven throughout all aspects of treatment. JBICC offers an opportunity to expanded services outside traditional settings and methods to ensure that youth offenders and their families receive validating and culturally responsive access to services.

涉案青少年的心理健康问题仍然是美国的一大健康危机。虽然学术界对少年犯的心理健康问题及其与负面生活结果之间的联系进行了探讨,但现有研究仍存在空白,特别是在旨在解决心理健康问题和导致该群体累犯及其他负面生活结果的犯罪风险的有效干预措施和模式方面。在本文中,我们介绍了 "基于司法的跨学科集体关怀"(JBICC)这一创新框架,以解决青少年罪犯的心理健康需求和犯罪行为。该模式为社区合作伙伴牵线搭桥,旨在为该领域未来的干预、实施和研究提供信息。加强青少年司法系统与社区项目/组织之间以司法为基础的跨学科集体合作,将对青少年罪犯及其家庭大有裨益。我们还关注到,在治疗的各个环节中都需要对文化做出回应。JBICC 提供了一个在传统环境和方法之外扩展服务的机会,以确保青少年罪犯及其家庭获得有效的、文化上相适应的服务。
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引用次数: 0
Crisis Intercept Mapping for Community-Based Suicide Prevention: An Assessment of the Crisis Infrastructure and Future Considerations for 988. 基于社区的自杀预防危机拦截图:危机基础设施评估和 988 的未来考虑。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01329-9
Brett R Harris, Donald Harris, Elizabeth Flanagan, Abigail Mariani, Terri A Hay

Suicide is a significant public health problem, yet barriers to treatment remain. To address barriers and meet needs, Congress designated a new 988 dialing code to increase utilization of the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. As a result, call volume increased, and demand for community-based crisis services is expected. To examine the availability of community-based crisis care, we analyzed information collected from 2020 to 2022 Crisis Intercept Mapping (CIM) technical assistance workshops conducted with communities across the country. We found that training and implementation of suicide risk screening, safety planning, lethal means safety, and follow-up were limited and inconsistent among communities in our study. Collaboration was variable, impacting the ability of communities to support care transitions. Participants described multiple barriers to the routine implementation of evidence-based care and identified potential solutions for addressing them. Findings suggest a need for relationship building and targeted education and training to meet future demand for crisis care.

自杀是一个重大的公共健康问题,但治疗方面仍然存在障碍。为了消除障碍和满足需求,美国国会指定了一个新的 988 拨号代码,以提高全国预防自杀生命热线的使用率。因此,呼叫量有所增加,预计会出现对社区危机服务的需求。为了研究社区危机护理的可用性,我们分析了 2020 年至 2022 年在全国各社区举办的危机拦截映射 (CIM) 技术援助研讨会上收集的信息。我们发现,在我们的研究中,各社区在自杀风险筛查、安全规划、致命手段安全和后续行动方面的培训和实施都很有限,而且不一致。合作情况参差不齐,影响了社区支持护理过渡的能力。参与者描述了常规实施循证护理的多种障碍,并指出了解决这些障碍的潜在方案。研究结果表明,需要建立关系并开展有针对性的教育和培训,以满足未来对危机护理的需求。
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引用次数: 0
Medical Decision Making in Correctional Facilities: Highlighting Gaps and Advocating for Policy Change. 惩教机构中的医疗决策:突出差距,倡导政策变革。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01320-4
Therese A Santiago, Jeremiah Stout, Maria I Lapid, Elise C Carey, Dionne Hart

In the United States, a disproportionately high number of incarcerated individuals suffer from serious mental illnesses, substance use disorders, chronic medical conditions, infectious diseases, and traumatic brain injuries. Correctional facilities are often ill-equipped to address the incarcerated community's physical and mental health needs. Current laws and policies remain outdated and do not adequately address the complex health issues faced by incarcerated individuals, particularly the aging and terminally ill patients in correctional settings. We present a case of a male with schizophrenia whose ongoing psychiatric symptoms impaired his decisional capacity, leading to him to refuse medical treatment for an initially treatable medical condition, ultimately resulting in his death due to the lack of a surrogate decision-maker. This case underscores the urgent need for policy revisions to assign medical decision-making authority for individuals in custody and highlights potential interventions to bridge existing gaps in care for this population.

在美国,患有严重精神疾病、药物使用障碍、慢性病、传染病和脑外伤的被监禁者人数高得不成比例。惩教机构往往没有能力满足被监禁者的身心健康需求。当前的法律和政策仍然过时,不能充分解决被监禁者面临的复杂健康问题,尤其是在惩教环境中的老年病人和临终病人。我们介绍了一个患有精神分裂症的男性患者的案例,他持续的精神症状损害了他的决策能力,导致他拒绝接受最初可以治疗的医疗条件,最终由于缺乏代理决策者而导致死亡。这一案例突出表明,迫切需要修订政策,为在押人员分配医疗决策权,并强调了可能采取的干预措施,以弥合这一人群在护理方面的现有差距。
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引用次数: 0
A Framework for School-Based Mental Health Programs in Conflict Zones. 冲突地区校本心理健康计划框架》。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01322-2
Laila F Farhood, Myrna A A Doumit, Zahraa M Chamseddine, Jad A Farhoud

The significant rise in the prevalence of mental health disorders among school children and adolescents in Lebanon and conflict zones necessitate immediate interventions. Despite this elevated prevalence, such communities currently lack effective programs which clearly identify the concepts of mental health promotion and prevention among school children. Addressing this gap, our paper aims to propose a contextual model and framework for educators, researchers and policy-makers. The proposed model includes 3-levels comprising set of actions and interventions. Interventions adopted at each level should be fine-tuned to produce a caring and supportive learning environment that effectively incorporates the three essential domains of student's mental health: promoting mental health protective factors, notably social and emotional learning (SEL) and resilience, as well as preventing mental health disorders (MHD). Interventions set at each level are elaborated in the framework and linked to the corresponding segments present in the school environment to include teachers, family, community, media, and policymakers. The framework also extends these interventions to encompass the core competencies of SEL, resilience, as well as the prevention of the most prevalent mental health disorders in conflict zones.

黎巴嫩和冲突地区的学龄儿童和青少年心理健康疾病发病率大幅上升,因此有必要立即采取干预措施。尽管患病率升高,但这些社区目前缺乏有效的计划来明确促进和预防学龄儿童心理健康的概念。针对这一空白,我们的论文旨在为教育工作者、研究人员和政策制定者提出一个背景模型和框架。建议的模式包括三个层次,由一系列行动和干预措施组成。每个层面所采取的干预措施都应进行微调,以营造一个充满关爱和支持的学习环境,有效地结合学生心理健康的三个基本领域:促进心理健康保护因素,特别是社交与情感学习(SEL)和适应能力,以及预防心理健康障碍(MHD)。该框架详细阐述了每个层面的干预措施,并将其与学校环境中的相应环节联系起来,包括教师、家庭、社区、媒体和政策制定者。该框架还将这些干预措施扩展到包括 SEL、复原力以及预防冲突地区最普遍的心理健康疾病等核心能力。
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引用次数: 0
Social Group Membership, Social Identities, and Mental Health Experiences in Urban Poor Communities in Ghana: A Critical Social Psychology Inquiry. 加纳城市贫困社区的社会群体成员、社会身份和心理健康经历:批判性社会心理学探究》。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01328-w
Francis Agyei, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Annabella Osei-Tutu, Francis Annor

Social groups and identities significantly influence mental health outcomes, yet their impact in resource-poor communities remains understudied. We explored the role of social group memberships and identities in shaping mental health experiences in two urban poor communities in Ghana. Data from 77 participants were analyzed thematically, revealing widespread engagement in social groups that provide access to both material and symbolic resources. However, these groups also serve as sources of tension and contribute to the stigmatization and marginalization of vulnerable members. Those affected include individuals with severe mental disorders, men experiencing depression, young men involved in substance abuse, family caregivers, migrant and tenant households, and otherwise healthy individuals with recurring psychosocial challenges. The groups exacerbate mental health challenges and restrict access to care among marginalized populations. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing mental health support and reducing stigma in resource-poor settings.

社会群体和身份认同对心理健康结果有重大影响,但它们对资源匮乏社区的影响仍未得到充分研究。我们在加纳的两个城市贫困社区探索了社会群体成员资格和身份在塑造心理健康体验中的作用。我们对来自 77 名参与者的数据进行了专题分析,结果显示,人们普遍参与社会团体,从而获得了物质和象征性资源。然而,这些群体也是紧张关系的来源,并导致弱势成员被污名化和边缘化。受影响的群体包括患有严重精神障碍的个人、抑郁症男性、滥用药物的年轻男性、家庭照顾者、移民和租户家庭以及反复面临社会心理挑战的健康人。这些群体加剧了心理健康方面的挑战,限制了边缘化人群获得医疗服务的机会。研究结果强调,有必要采取有针对性的干预措施,以便在资源匮乏的环境中加强心理健康支持,减少耻辱感。
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引用次数: 0
Novel Occupational Therapy Program (Step Up) to Facilitate the Transition from Early Intervention in Psychosis Services. 新颖的职业治疗计划(Step Up),促进从精神病早期干预服务的过渡。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01324-0
Elizabeth C Thomas, Nuriya Hefron, Sarah Zagorac, Ashley Hewlett, Ruth Marie Wenzel, Ilyse Kramer, Lauren Walker, Halley Read

The purpose of this program evaluation was to examine preliminary outcomes associated with a novel stepdown program for clients of early intervention in psychosis services ("Step Up") that featured occupational therapy (OT) as a critical treatment component. Clients participated in Step Up for at least 6 months and were administered pre-post assessments of clinician-rated performance of daily living activities and self-perceived performance and satisfaction with daily occupational functioning. Paired samples Wilcoxon tests were used to compare outcomes across the two time points. Data from 23 participants of Step Up were analyzed. Clinician-rated performance of daily living (especially in the areas of money and time management and leisure engagement) and client-rated performance and satisfaction with daily occupational functioning improved significantly over time. Results demonstrate the promise of programs such as Step Up that capitalize on OT and promote functional outcomes during the transition from early intervention.

本项目评估的目的是研究一项针对精神病早期干预服务("向上一步")客户的新型阶梯式项目的初步成果,该项目以职业疗法(OT)作为重要的治疗组成部分。患者参加 "向上一步 "计划至少 6 个月,并接受临床医生评定的日常生活活动表现和自我感觉的日常生活职业功能表现及满意度的前后期评估。在比较两个时间点的结果时,采用了配对 Wilcoxon 样本检验。对 23 名 "向上一步 "参与者的数据进行了分析。随着时间的推移,临床医生评定的日常生活表现(尤其是在金钱和时间管理以及休闲参与方面)以及客户评定的日常职业功能表现和满意度均有显著改善。研究结果表明,"向上一步 "等项目能够在早期干预的过渡阶段充分利用职业疗法并促进功能性成果的实现。
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引用次数: 0
Using RE-AIM Framework to Evaluate Recovery Opioid Overdose Team Plus: A Peer-Led Post-overdose Quick Response Team. 使用 RE-AIM 框架评估阿片类药物过量恢复小组:由同伴领导的吸毒过量后快速反应小组。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01319-x
Chin Hwa Dahlem, Mary Dwan, Brianna Dobbs, Rebecca Rich, Kaitlyn Jaffe, Clayton J Shuman

Peer recovery coaches utilize their lived experiences to support overdose survivors, a role gaining prominence across communities. A convergent mixed methods design, informed by the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework, was used to evaluate the Recovery Opioid Overdose Team Plus (ROOT +), through an iterative evaluation using web-based surveys and qualitative interviews. Reach: Over 27 months, ROOT + responded to 83% of suspected overdose referrals (n = 607) and engaged with 41% of survivors (n = 217) and 7% of survivors' family/friends (n = 38). Effectiveness: Among those initially engaged with ROOT +, 36% of survivors remained engaged, entered treatment, or were in recovery at 90 days post-overdose (n = 77). Adoption: First responders completed 77% of ROOT + referrals (n = 468). Implementation: Barriers included lack of awareness of ROOT + , working phones, and access to treatment from community partner interviews (n = 15). Maintenance: Adaptations to ROOT + were made to facilitate implementation. Peer-led teams are promising models to engage with overdose survivors.

同伴康复辅导员利用他们的生活经验为用药过量幸存者提供支持,这一角色在各个社区日益突出。在 RE-AIM(Reach、Effectiveness、Adoption、Implementation、Maintenance)框架的指导下,我们采用了一种趋同的混合方法设计,通过使用网络调查和定性访谈进行迭代评估,对阿片类药物过量恢复团队(ROOT +)进行了评估。覆盖范围:在 27 个月内,ROOT + 对 83% 的疑似用药过量转介(n = 607)做出了回应,并与 41% 的幸存者(n = 217)和 7% 的幸存者家人/朋友(n = 38)进行了接触。效果:在最初参与 ROOT + 的幸存者中,有 36% 的幸存者在用药过量后 90 天内继续参与、接受治疗或处于康复期(n = 77)。采用率:第一响应者完成了 77% 的 ROOT + 转介(n = 468)。实施:障碍包括缺乏对 ROOT + 的认识、工作电话以及从社区合作伙伴访谈中获得治疗(n = 15)。维护:为便于实施,对 ROOT + 进行了调整。同伴领导的团队是与用药过量幸存者接触的有前途的模式。
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引用次数: 0
Psychiatric Healthcare Experiences of South Asian Patients with Severe Mental Illness Diagnoses and Their Families in New York City: A Qualitative Study. 纽约市被诊断患有严重精神疾病的南亚病人及其家人的精神医疗经历:定性研究。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01323-1
Farhan Mohsin, Sai Aravala, Tasfia Rahman, Shahmir H Ali, M D Taher, Paroma Mitra, Supriya Misra

South Asians (SAs) underutilize mental health services compared to many racial and ethnic groups in the United States (US), yet there is limited research on the experiences of SAs living with severe mental illness (SMI). This study examined psychiatric healthcare experiences of SA patients with SMI diagnoses (e.g., severe depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia) in New York City. Data collection included semi-structured interviews with 36 participants (21 patients, 11 family members, 4 clinicians). Data was managed in NVivo. Two pairs of SA researchers conducted thematic analysis. Limited mental health knowledge led to delayed care for SAs due to a low perceived need for help. Ease of access, linguistic resources, patient-provider relationships, and family involvement influenced psychiatric healthcare experiences. Prescribed medications, self-motivation, communication, and religious practices were factors aiding symptom management and recovery. Findings highlight the need for improving psychiatric healthcare access and culturally-salient mental health education for SA communities.

与美国的许多种族和民族群体相比,南亚人(SAs)对心理健康服务的利用率较低,但有关患有严重精神疾病(SMI)的南亚人的经历的研究却很有限。本研究调查了纽约市被诊断患有严重精神疾病(如严重抑郁症、双相情感障碍、精神分裂症)的南澳大利亚病人的精神医疗经历。数据收集包括对 36 名参与者(21 名患者、11 名家庭成员和 4 名临床医生)进行半结构化访谈。数据由 NVivo 管理。两对 SA 研究人员进行了主题分析。心理健康知识的有限性导致自闭症患者对帮助的需求感知较低,从而延误了治疗。就医的难易程度、语言资源、患者与医护人员的关系以及家庭的参与程度都影响着精神科医疗保健的体验。处方药、自我激励、沟通和宗教习俗是有助于症状控制和康复的因素。研究结果突出表明,有必要为南澳大利亚社区提供更多的精神科医疗保健服务,并开展适合当地文化的心理健康教育。
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引用次数: 0
'Life Minus Illness = Recovery': A Phenomenological Study About Experiences and Meanings of Recovery Among Individuals with Serious Mental Illness from Southern India. 生活减去疾病=康复":关于印度南部严重精神疾病患者康复经历和意义的现象学研究。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01312-4
Srishti Hegde, Shalini Quadros, Rashmi Appaji, Vinita A Acharya

Traditional medical models have given way to recovery-oriented approaches over the years in the management of individuals with serious mental illnesses. However, very little is known about such recovery-based models in the Indian context. This qualitative study used a phenomenological approach to explore the experiences and meanings of recovery among individuals with serious mental illness in southern India. Purposive sampling with maximum variation was used to recruit participants. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten participants, using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic analysis resulted in three themes: "The illness journey," "Life minus illness = Recovery," and "It takes a village to recover,". Illness and recovery seemed to be two sides of the same coin with the context playing an influential role in the perceptions of recovery. The term "recovery" seemed to be a misnomer giving the impression that one is expected to return to an illness free state.

多年来,在对严重精神疾病患者的管理中,传统的医疗模式已经让位于以康复为导向的方法。然而,在印度,人们对这种以康复为导向的模式知之甚少。本定性研究采用现象学方法,探讨印度南部重性精神病患者的康复经验和意义。在招募参与者时,采用了变化最大的有目的抽样法。使用半结构化访谈指南对十名参与者进行了深入访谈。主题分析得出了三个主题:"疾病之旅"、"生活减去疾病=康复 "和 "康复需要一个村庄"。疾病和康复似乎是一枚硬币的两面,而环境对康复的看法起着影响作用。康复 "一词似乎用词不当,给人的印象是一个人有望恢复到无病状态。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Community Mental Health Journal
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