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Best Practices in the Nursing Care of Patients With Injuries From Violence: An Integrative Review. 暴力致伤患者护理的最佳实践:综合评论》。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024639
Johannah Hickey, Mackenzie White, Sarah Gantz

Background: The number of patients who have experienced violence is increasing worldwide. These patients have specific psychosocial and forensic needs and can present unique challenges to the health care workers caring for them.

Objective: To identify best practices for the care of patients with injuries from violence in the emergency department or inpatient setting.

Methods: The framework for integrative reviews by Whittemore and Knafl was used to conduct a literature search in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health databases. Fourteen qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies from peer-reviewed journals were included in the review.

Results: Themes included identifying patients as survivors of intimate partner violence or child abuse, the need to collect forensic evidence, the need for emotional support of patients and their loved ones, support for health care workers caring for patients with injuries from violence, prevention of further violence, and the challenges of caring for patients with injuries from violence with concurrent substance use disorders. Best practices for these aspects of care are summarized on the basis of literature analysis.

Conclusion: Screening procedures are needed to identify survivors of intimate partner violence and child abuse. Forensic evidence preservation policies should be in place. For survivors of sexual assault, a sexual assault nurse examiner should be available. Hospital systems should provide psychosocial resources for patients' and health care workers' mental health, implement violence reduction programs, and provide bias training. More research is needed to determine efficacy of care models and best practice.

背景:在全球范围内,遭受过暴力侵害的患者人数不断增加。这些患者有特殊的社会心理和法医需求,会给医护人员的护理工作带来独特的挑战:确定在急诊室或住院环境中护理因暴力而受伤的患者的最佳方法:方法:采用 Whittemore 和 Knafl 的综合综述框架在 MEDLINE、CINAHL 和 ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health 数据库中进行文献检索。14 项来自同行评审期刊的定性、定量和混合方法研究被纳入综述:研究主题包括确认患者为亲密伴侣暴力或虐待儿童的幸存者、收集法医证据的必要性、为患者及其亲人提供情感支持的必要性、为护理因暴力受伤的患者的医护人员提供支持、预防进一步的暴力以及护理因暴力受伤并同时患有药物使用障碍的患者所面临的挑战。根据文献分析总结了这些方面的最佳护理实践:需要筛查程序来识别亲密伴侣暴力和虐待儿童的幸存者。应制定法医证据保存政策。对于性侵犯的幸存者,应提供性侵犯护士检查员。医院系统应为患者和医护人员的心理健康提供社会心理资源,实施减少暴力计划,并提供偏见培训。需要进行更多的研究来确定护理模式和最佳实践的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Strengthening the Psychological Health and Readiness of Military Critical Care Nurses for Disaster and Future Combat Environments. 加强军队重症监护护士的心理健康,使其做好应对灾难和未来战斗环境的准备。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024168
Kathleen Flarity, Ian Stanley, Michael D April

Critical care nursing is a highly dynamic and demanding field, and critical care nurses play a vital role in the US military health care system. Although many critical care nurses are resilient to myriad occupational exposures, for some nurses the job leads to adverse psychological effects, including compassion fatigue and burnout. This article describes the evidence used to develop a psychoeducation program designed to mitigate burnout among health care professionals, particularly critical care nurses. Implementation considerations (including those in the context of disaster response) and future battlefield are discussed. Ultimately, supporting the psychological health of the US military's critical care nurse force is vital to ensure their well-being, the readiness of our armed forces, and the security of our nation.

重症监护护理是一个充满活力、要求极高的领域,重症监护护士在美军医疗保健系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。尽管许多重症监护护士对各种职业风险有很强的适应能力,但对一些护士来说,工作会导致不良的心理影响,包括同情疲劳和职业倦怠。本文介绍了用于制定心理教育计划的证据,该计划旨在减轻医护人员,尤其是危重症护理护士的职业倦怠。文章还讨论了实施过程中的注意事项(包括救灾过程中的注意事项)以及未来的战场。归根结底,支持美军重症护理护士队伍的心理健康对于确保他们的福祉、我们武装部队的战备状态以及我们国家的安全至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
The John Sealy Hospital Fire Evacuation. 约翰-西利医院火灾疏散。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024469
Rachel Wheeler-McAnally

Advances in fire safety and building construction have made fires in modern health care facilities uncommon and easily contained. Therefore, emergent hospital evacuations resulting from an internal fire are rare. On January 4, 2017, a fire occurred at the John Sealy Hospital, part of the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, resulting in emergent evacuation of the hospital building and an adjacent office and patient care building. The internal emergency response system was quickly activated, and more than 100 patients and 200 staff members were evacuated within 27 minutes with no fire- or smoke-related injuries. Obstacles encountered during the evacuation process included difficulties with communication and confirming patient count in a timely manner. This article describes the emergent hospital evacuation during the fire, summarizes the subsequent reflections of a multiagency after-action review, and issues a call to action for further research and publication on emergency patient evacuation.

消防安全和建筑结构的进步使得现代医疗设施中的火灾并不常见,而且很容易得到控制。因此,医院因内部火灾而紧急疏散的情况十分罕见。2017 年 1 月 4 日,德克萨斯大学医学分院加尔维斯顿分院下属的约翰-西利医院发生火灾,导致医院大楼和相邻的办公楼及病人护理楼紧急疏散。内部应急系统迅速启动,在 27 分钟内疏散了 100 多名病人和 200 多名工作人员,没有发生与火灾或烟雾有关的人员伤亡。疏散过程中遇到的障碍包括沟通和及时确认病人人数方面的困难。本文介绍了火灾期间医院紧急疏散的情况,总结了多机构事后审查的反思,并呼吁采取行动,进一步研究和出版紧急疏散病人的相关资料。
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引用次数: 0
Acute and Critical Care Nurses' Roles in Mass Shootings: An Integrative Review. 急诊和重症监护护士在大规模枪击事件中的角色:综合评述。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024192
Dawn Carpenter, Alexander Menard, Johnny Isenberger, Gregg A Stevens, Lisa LaRock

Background: From 2018 to 2022, mass shooting incidents in the United States increased by 67.7%. Health care-associated shootings also increased. The role of acute and critical care nurses during shootings is not well defined in the literature.

Objective: To identify roles of acute and critical care nurses during mass shooting incidents and provide best-practice recommendations for shooting incidents within a hospital.

Methods: The methods of Whittemore, Knafl, and Torraco informed this integrative review. Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus databases were searched for publications related to acute and critical care nurses, mass shooting incidents, and hospital setting.

Results: Of 13 589 articles retrieved, 27 were included; 63% were narrative reviews. The highest level of evidence was an expert consensus panel; next highest was a quasi-experimental study that simulated experiences to test mass casualty incident response. Third highest was a qualitative study that analyzed nurses' experiences during a mass casualty experience.

Discussion: The evidence revealed 3 themes: prevention and preparedness, response to incident, and recovery phase. Education and training for acute and critical care nurses about mass shooting incidents are central to defining nurses' roles and best practices for these incidents. Nurses must know Stop the Bleed techniques and run-hide-fight protocols. Additionally, acute and critical care nurses need representation on hospital committees to develop and implement policies and procedures.

Conclusions: Hospitals are not immune to mass shooting incidents. Acute and critical care nurses require education including simulations and drills on mass shooting incidents to ensure safety of nurses and patients.

背景:从 2018 年到 2022 年,美国大规模枪击事件增加了 67.7%。与医疗相关的枪击事件也有所增加。急危重症护理护士在枪击事件中的角色在文献中没有明确定义:确定急诊和重症监护护士在大规模枪击事件中的角色,并为医院内的枪击事件提供最佳实践建议:方法:本综述参考了 Whittemore、Knafl 和 Torraco 的研究方法。我们在 Ovid MEDLINE、CINAHL 和 Scopus 数据库中检索了与急重症护理护士、大规模枪击事件和医院环境相关的出版物:在检索到的 13 589 篇文章中,有 27 篇被收录;63% 为叙述性综述。证据级别最高的是专家共识小组;其次是一项模拟大规模伤亡事件应对经验的准实验研究。排名第三的是一项定性研究,分析了护士在大规模伤亡事件中的经历:讨论:这些证据揭示了三个主题:预防和准备、事件响应和恢复阶段。对急危重症护理护士进行有关大规模枪击事件的教育和培训是确定护士在此类事件中的角色和最佳实践的核心。护士必须了解止血技术和 "跑-藏-打 "协议。此外,急危重症护理护士需要在医院委员会中有代表,以制定和实施相关政策和程序:医院不能幸免于大规模枪击事件。急危重症护理护士需要接受包括大规模枪击事件模拟和演习在内的教育,以确保护士和患者的安全。
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引用次数: 0
Critical Care Nursing and Mass Casualty Response During Operation Allies Refuge. 盟军救援行动期间的重症护理和大规模伤亡响应。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024819
Elizabeth A M Bhatta, Nathaniel J DeCarli, Julie R Duffy, Brandie McAdams

Operation Allies Refuge started in July 2021 with implications for critical care nurses, both military and civilian, serving at the US Army's Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in Landstuhl, Germany. Cultural and logistical concerns and complications were at the forefront of care provided to Afghan evacuees during the operation and were exacerbated by a mass casualty event on August 26, 2021, when a suicide bomber attacked the Abbey Gate of Hamid Karzai International Airport in Kabul, Afghanistan. This article discusses the issues that affected care, including language barriers, supply shortages, cultural differences, mass evacuation during a pandemic, and management of the mass casualty event by the critical care team. The information is compiled into a summary of lessons learned to assist in future management of emergency evacuee care within our military and civilian health care systems.

盟军难民行动于 2021 年 7 月开始,对在德国兰德斯图尔美军兰德斯图尔地区医疗中心服务的重症护理护士(包括军人和文职人员)产生了影响。2021 年 8 月 26 日,一名自杀炸弹手袭击了阿富汗喀布尔哈米德-卡尔扎伊国际机场的阿贝门,造成大规模伤亡。本文讨论了影响护理工作的问题,包括语言障碍、供应短缺、文化差异、大流行期间的大规模疏散以及重症监护团队对大规模伤亡事件的管理。这些信息被汇编成一份经验教训总结,以帮助今后在我们的军事和民用医疗保健系统中管理紧急疏散人员的护理工作。
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引用次数: 0
Using a Military-Civilian Partnership to Enhance Clinical Readiness and Sustainment for Air Force Critical Care Nurses. 利用军民合作关系加强空军重症监护护士的临床准备和维持能力。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024428
Jennifer L Armon, Yvette Lucca, Roman Aguon Salas

Background: Decreases in size, capability, clinical volumes, case mixes, and complex care opportunities in military treatment facilities contribute to the atrophy of clinical skills among medical professionals in these facilities.

Local problem: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a 39% decline in admissions to a military critical care unit. The decrease in patient census contributed to skill sustainment challenges.

Methods: To identify methods to combat skill atrophy, the CINAHL and PubMed databases were searched using the terms peacetime effect, military-civilian partnership, and skill sustainment. Active-duty critical care nurses stationed at a military treatment facility implemented a military-civilian partnership with a civilian medical facility for clinical skill sustainment.

Results: One year after implementation, 39 critical care nurses had completed 511 shifts, gaining clinical experiences seldom achieved at the military facility. A survey of these nurses demonstrated that 8 of 17 (47%) gained experience treating patients requiring intra-aortic balloon pumps or continuous renal replacement therapy, 6 of 17 (36%) gained experience with patients requiring a ventricular assist device, 12 of 17 (71%) acquired hands-on experience with intracranial pressure monitoring, and 14 of 17 (82%) reported vasoactive intravenous infusion manipulation.

Conclusions: This article highlights the importance of evaluating clinical practice within the military health system, developing military-civilian partnerships, and removing military-civilian partnership barriers for nurses and other health care professionals. Failure to implement military-civilian partnerships may adversely affect the clinical competency of the military nurse force.

背景:当地问题:COVID-19 大流行导致军事重症监护病房的入院人数减少了 39%。病人数量的减少导致了技能维持方面的挑战:为了确定对抗技能萎缩的方法,我们使用和平时期效应、军民合作和技能维持等术语在 CINAHL 和 PubMed 数据库中进行了检索。驻扎在一家军事治疗机构的现役重症监护护士与一家民用医疗机构建立了军民合作关系,以提高临床技能:结果:实施一年后,39 名重症监护护士完成了 511 个班次,获得了在军事机构很少能获得的临床经验。对这些护士的调查显示,17 名护士中有 8 名(47%)获得了治疗需要主动脉内球囊泵或持续肾脏替代疗法的患者的经验,17 名护士中有 6 名(36%)获得了治疗需要心室辅助装置的患者的经验,17 名护士中有 12 名(71%)获得了颅内压监测的实践经验,17 名护士中有 14 名(82%)报告了血管活性静脉输液操作:本文强调了评估军事卫生系统内临床实践、发展军民合作关系以及消除护士和其他医疗保健专业人员的军民合作障碍的重要性。如果不能落实军民合作关系,可能会对军队护士队伍的临床能力产生不利影响。
{"title":"Using a Military-Civilian Partnership to Enhance Clinical Readiness and Sustainment for Air Force Critical Care Nurses.","authors":"Jennifer L Armon, Yvette Lucca, Roman Aguon Salas","doi":"10.4037/ccn2024428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn2024428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Decreases in size, capability, clinical volumes, case mixes, and complex care opportunities in military treatment facilities contribute to the atrophy of clinical skills among medical professionals in these facilities.</p><p><strong>Local problem: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a 39% decline in admissions to a military critical care unit. The decrease in patient census contributed to skill sustainment challenges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To identify methods to combat skill atrophy, the CINAHL and PubMed databases were searched using the terms peacetime effect, military-civilian partnership, and skill sustainment. Active-duty critical care nurses stationed at a military treatment facility implemented a military-civilian partnership with a civilian medical facility for clinical skill sustainment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One year after implementation, 39 critical care nurses had completed 511 shifts, gaining clinical experiences seldom achieved at the military facility. A survey of these nurses demonstrated that 8 of 17 (47%) gained experience treating patients requiring intra-aortic balloon pumps or continuous renal replacement therapy, 6 of 17 (36%) gained experience with patients requiring a ventricular assist device, 12 of 17 (71%) acquired hands-on experience with intracranial pressure monitoring, and 14 of 17 (82%) reported vasoactive intravenous infusion manipulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This article highlights the importance of evaluating clinical practice within the military health system, developing military-civilian partnerships, and removing military-civilian partnership barriers for nurses and other health care professionals. Failure to implement military-civilian partnerships may adversely affect the clinical competency of the military nurse force.</p>","PeriodicalId":10738,"journal":{"name":"Critical care nurse","volume":"44 5","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Daily Toothbrushing Reduces Risk of Pneumonia. 每天刷牙可降低肺炎风险。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024658
Muhammad Rayan Syed, Muhammad Momin Khan, Maisam Ali Rajput
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引用次数: 0
Corrections. 更正。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024115
{"title":"Corrections.","authors":"","doi":"10.4037/ccn2024115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn2024115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10738,"journal":{"name":"Critical care nurse","volume":"44 5","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
International Burn Disaster Nursing: Care, Commitment, Compassion, and Cost. 国际烧伤灾难护理:护理、承诺、同情和成本。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024991
Gideon Agyenim-Boateng, Natalia Ridkodim, Elizabeth Leitch, Kati Hafer, Nina Ng, Richard Arbour

Background: Burn mass casualty incidents can overwhelm local resources, challenging effective communication, triage, and provision of care. International responders can help by providing education and direct patient care.

Local problem: On November 5, 2021, a fuel tanker truck exploded in Freetown, Sierra Leone, killing or injuring hundreds of people. The needs of the severely burned survivors overwhelmed local resources, requiring an international response. Burn specialist teams from several countries, including the United States, were deployed to provide assistance.

Methods: Members of the US burn care team educated local health care practitioners about wound care, physical therapy, and fluid and pain management. Educational content was delivered through lecture and discussion, case studies, clinical application, and bedside teaching. Demonstration of cultural competence and humility, as well as attentiveness to nuances of local communication, helped avoid ethnocentrism and other barriers to collaboration. Public congratulations and formal completion certificates were used to provide meaningful recognition of successful class participation.

Results: Before the lecture and discussion intervention, 57 students participating in a pretest assessment had an average score of 53.9% (high, 80%; low, 27.5%). After the intervention, 38 students participating in a posttest assessment had an average score of 79.3% (high, 95%; low, 55%), and local health care providers delivered care with more attention to patient comfort and shared new knowledge with colleagues.

Conclusions: Providing optimal burn care and education under austere conditions requires cultural humility and a spirit of inquiry. Attentiveness to communication and cultural nuances promotes collaboration, improves educational effectiveness, and builds local burn care capacity.

背景:烧伤大规模伤亡事件可能会使当地资源不堪重负,给有效沟通、分流和提供护理带来挑战。当地问题:2021 年 11 月 5 日,一辆油罐车在塞拉利昂弗里敦爆炸,造成数百人伤亡。严重烧伤的幸存者的需求使当地资源不堪重负,需要国际社会的响应。包括美国在内的多个国家派出了烧伤专家小组提供援助:方法:美国烧伤护理小组成员向当地医护人员传授了伤口护理、理疗、输液和止痛方面的知识。教育内容通过讲座和讨论、案例研究、临床应用和床边教学等方式进行。他们表现出的文化素养和谦逊,以及对当地交流中细微差别的关注,有助于避免种族中心主义和其他合作障碍。公开祝贺和正式结业证书是对成功参与课堂的有意义认可:在采取讲座和讨论干预措施之前,57 名学生参加了预测试评估,平均得分率为 53.9%(高分率为 80%;低分率为 27.5%)。干预后,38 名学生参加了后测评估,平均得分率为 79.3%(高分率为 95%;低分率为 55%),当地医护人员在提供护理服务时更加关注患者的舒适度,并与同事分享了新知识:结论:在艰苦条件下提供最佳烧伤护理和教育需要谦逊的文化态度和探索精神。注意沟通和文化差异可以促进合作、提高教育效果并增强当地的烧伤护理能力。
{"title":"International Burn Disaster Nursing: Care, Commitment, Compassion, and Cost.","authors":"Gideon Agyenim-Boateng, Natalia Ridkodim, Elizabeth Leitch, Kati Hafer, Nina Ng, Richard Arbour","doi":"10.4037/ccn2024991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn2024991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Burn mass casualty incidents can overwhelm local resources, challenging effective communication, triage, and provision of care. International responders can help by providing education and direct patient care.</p><p><strong>Local problem: </strong>On November 5, 2021, a fuel tanker truck exploded in Freetown, Sierra Leone, killing or injuring hundreds of people. The needs of the severely burned survivors overwhelmed local resources, requiring an international response. Burn specialist teams from several countries, including the United States, were deployed to provide assistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Members of the US burn care team educated local health care practitioners about wound care, physical therapy, and fluid and pain management. Educational content was delivered through lecture and discussion, case studies, clinical application, and bedside teaching. Demonstration of cultural competence and humility, as well as attentiveness to nuances of local communication, helped avoid ethnocentrism and other barriers to collaboration. Public congratulations and formal completion certificates were used to provide meaningful recognition of successful class participation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before the lecture and discussion intervention, 57 students participating in a pretest assessment had an average score of 53.9% (high, 80%; low, 27.5%). After the intervention, 38 students participating in a posttest assessment had an average score of 79.3% (high, 95%; low, 55%), and local health care providers delivered care with more attention to patient comfort and shared new knowledge with colleagues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Providing optimal burn care and education under austere conditions requires cultural humility and a spirit of inquiry. Attentiveness to communication and cultural nuances promotes collaboration, improves educational effectiveness, and builds local burn care capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10738,"journal":{"name":"Critical care nurse","volume":"44 5","pages":"58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low-Titer O-Positive Whole Blood: Lessons From the Battlefield for Civilian Rural Hospitals. 低滴度 O 型阳性全血:从战场上吸取的教训:农村平民医院。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4037/ccn2024734
Sean O'Hollearn, Randall Schaefer, Cassandra DuBose, Darin Smith, Carl Goforth

Low-titer O-positive whole blood was used extensively by the military during operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Studies have consistently shown that this therapy is feasible, safe, and effective in the management of hemorrhagic shock in trauma patients, and it is now the standard of care across the US military Joint Trauma System. The military's success in using low-titer O-positive whole blood has renewed the practice in the civilian setting, with recent research confirming its safety and efficacy. In a few short years, use of this treatment for hemorrhagic shock has expanded to more than 80 US level I and level II trauma centers. However, its use is still relatively rare in the rural hospital setting. This article describes the benefits for patients, staff members, and the overall trauma system of using low-titer O-positive whole blood in rural hospitals.

在伊拉克和阿富汗作战期间,军方广泛使用了低滴度 O 型阳性全血。研究一致表明,这种疗法在治疗创伤患者失血性休克方面是可行、安全和有效的,目前已成为美军联合创伤系统的标准治疗方法。军方在使用低滴度 O 型阳性全血方面取得的成功使这一做法在民用环境中得以延续,最近的研究证实了其安全性和有效性。在短短几年内,这种治疗失血性休克的方法已扩展到美国 80 多个一级和二级创伤中心。然而,在农村医院使用这种疗法的情况仍相对罕见。本文介绍了在农村医院使用低滴度 O 型全血对患者、工作人员和整个创伤系统的益处。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Critical care nurse
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