Albert T. Adjesiwor, Rui Liu, Joel Felix, Clarke Alder
Palmer amaranth is one of the most troublesome pigweeds in crop production systems in the United States. It only recently started to appear in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). A coordinated extension and outreach effort among land grant universities (University of Idaho, Oregon State University, and Washington State University), Amalgamated Sugar, other commodity commissions, and industry was launched to track Palmer amaranth in the PNW. In 2023, tissue samples were collected from pigweeds suspected to be Palmer amaranth with tests providing confirmation. Palmer amaranth was detected in several crops as well as right-of-way and private property. Most of the Palmer amaranth populations were confirmed to be resistant to glyphosate. Additional surveys and resistance screening efforts are underway to map the distribution of Palmer amaranth and assess the level of herbicide resistance across the region. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Integrated Pest Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.
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<p>Dr. Karl Wyant, Vice-Chair of the International CCA Board, became an agronomist by accident.</p><p>He envisioned a medical career when he entered a pre-med tract studying biology at the University of Northern Colorado. From the high desert mining and ranching town of Gallup, NM, he didn’t grow up around crop agriculture. A job post on a college biology department bulletin board altered his trajectory.</p><p>“I was working at a sandwich shop and a note advertising a soil microscope technician position caught my attention simply because it paid 20 cents more an hour,” Wyant recalls. “I knew what microscopes were. I had no idea what a soil microscope technician would do, but I was sure it would be more fun than slicing tomatoes for several hours straight.”</p><p>This job checked important boxes for Wyant—being outside in nature, physical labor to keep the blood pumping, and the mental challenge of understanding complex interactions within soils.</p><p>Setting aside thoughts of a medical career and firmly on the path to explore his newfound passion in soil science, Wyant was accepted into a master’s program at Colorado State University studying soil ecology. Experiencing international soil research in Argentina investigating soil invertebrates and examining arctic soil processes in permafrost soils on Alaska’s North Coast showed Wyant the endless possibilities within the field.</p><p>“Turns out I don’t enjoy working all day in 30 °F and a cold rain.”</p><p>Warmer, dry weather was not a problem during his work at Arizona State University where he earned a Ph.D. in biology with an emphasis on soil science. He focused on understanding biotic properties and network behavior of arid soil food web systems and associated nitrogen mineralization rates within urban landscapes and riparian and agricultural systems. His first exposure to production agriculture began with a small grant to explore soil ecology and nutrient cycling in vineyards near Sonoita, AZ.</p><p>Upon completing his Ph.D. in spring 2014, Wyant interviewed with Helena Agri Enterprises for an agronomist position. “During the interview process, I was asked if I was a CCA. Coming from a different side of soil science, I didn’t even know what a CCA was,” Wyant admits. Accepting his first agronomist position and gaining his CCA certification within the first few months of employment, he began assisting growers.</p><p>The agriculture sector in Arizona and southeastern California presents unique opportunities and challenges, Wyant says. The corn–soybean scenario that exists in much of the country is replaced with intensively managed warm- and cool-season crops. Sudangrass, cotton, and silage corn are grown during the summer; winter wheat, spinach, cauliflower, broccoli, and lettuce are produced from October to April; and alfalfa is grown year-round. As expected in a desert environment, water management, salinity issues, and nutrient deficiencies are significant hurdles for producers.</p><p>As a De
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Sulfur plays several roles in 4R plant nutrition. First, as an essential plant nutrient, it may need to be applied to optimize yields and quality of crops. Second, there may be a need to replenish the sulfur removed from the soil by crop harvests. Third, some forms of sulfur may have additional benefits through their effects on soil pH and on soil nitrogen processes. The three roles combine to support enhanced productivity with lower impacts on the environment. This article reviews basic sulfur nutrition, recent trends affecting the need for fertilizers, and the contribution of sulfur to improving productivity sustainably. Earn 1 CEU in Nutrient Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.
{"title":"The Role of Sulfur in Meeting 4R Nutrient Stewardship Goals","authors":"Tom Bruulsema, Ron Olson","doi":"10.1002/crso.20360","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crso.20360","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sulfur plays several roles in 4R plant nutrition. First, as an essential plant nutrient, it may need to be applied to optimize yields and quality of crops. Second, there may be a need to replenish the sulfur removed from the soil by crop harvests. Third, some forms of sulfur may have additional benefits through their effects on soil pH and on soil nitrogen processes. The three roles combine to support enhanced productivity with lower impacts on the environment. This article reviews basic sulfur nutrition, recent trends affecting the need for fertilizers, and the contribution of sulfur to improving productivity sustainably. Earn 1 CEU in Nutrient Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.</p>","PeriodicalId":10754,"journal":{"name":"Crops & Soils","volume":"57 3","pages":"34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140666526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John H. Kelly, Alison L. Thompson, Amber L. Hauvermale
Late-maturity alpha-amylase or LMA is a weather-related event that lowers the quality of affected grain, resulting in sticky breads, cakes, and noodles with unattractive and undesirable textures. Grain that has been affected by LMA, or that is susceptible to LMA, cannot be identified by sight alone due to varietal- and environmental-induced differences in appearance and differences in rates of development. Techniques that allow for rapid identification of the LMA susceptibility window in wheat and knowledge of the weather events that lead to LMA can empower growers to manage and mitigate LMA-induced profit loss. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.
{"title":"A Simple Test for Determining the Late-Maturity Alpha-Amylase Susceptibility Window in Wheat","authors":"John H. Kelly, Alison L. Thompson, Amber L. Hauvermale","doi":"10.1002/crso.20359","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crso.20359","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Late-maturity alpha-amylase or LMA is a weather-related event that lowers the quality of affected grain, resulting in sticky breads, cakes, and noodles with unattractive and undesirable textures. Grain that has been affected by LMA, or that is susceptible to LMA, cannot be identified by sight alone due to varietal- and environmental-induced differences in appearance and differences in rates of development. Techniques that allow for rapid identification of the LMA susceptibility window in wheat and knowledge of the weather events that lead to LMA can empower growers to manage and mitigate LMA-induced profit loss. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.</p>","PeriodicalId":10754,"journal":{"name":"Crops & Soils","volume":"57 3","pages":"18-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140667063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With weak profitability forecasts for soybeans and—especially—corn in 2024, crop advisers and producers might do well to review seeding basics. The following is a survey of CCAs and university specialists about seeding rates, depth, and dates across the Corn Belt. Earn 1 CEU in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.
由于预测 2024 年大豆，尤其是玉米的盈利能力较弱，作物顾问和生产者不妨回顾一下播种的基本知识。以下是对整个玉米带 CCA 和大学专家就播种率、播种深度和播种日期所做的调查。阅读本文并参加 https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses 网站上的测验，即可获得 1 个作物管理 CEU。
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Society has made (and will be making) significant demands on agriculture in the not-to-distant future. Meeting future sustainability goals and environmental regulations while simultaneously continuing to meet requirements for food, feed, fuel, and fiber requires a firm understanding of how “we” have collectively arrived at our current status as it relates to our fertility principles and beliefs as well as the processes that address them. This issue we begin a three-part series that intends to describe crop nutrition and fertilizers from where we have been to where the authors believe that we will likely need to be prepared to go if we are to support world demands into the foreseeable future. See page 4. Illustration by Karen Brey.
{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 57, Issue 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/crso.20354","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crso.20354","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Society has made (and will be making) significant demands on agriculture in the not-to-distant future. Meeting future sustainability goals and environmental regulations while simultaneously continuing to meet requirements for food, feed, fuel, and fiber requires a firm understanding of how “we” have collectively arrived at our current status as it relates to our fertility principles and beliefs as well as the processes that address them. This issue we begin a three-part series that intends to describe crop nutrition and fertilizers from where we have been to where the authors believe that we will likely need to be prepared to go if we are to support world demands into the foreseeable future. See page 4. Illustration by Karen Brey.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":10754,"journal":{"name":"Crops & Soils","volume":"57 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/crso.20354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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