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Pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis: new insights from a bone marrow perspective. 银屑病关节炎的发病机制:从骨髓角度的新认识。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000001064
Fatima Saeed, Iannis E Adamopoulos

Purpose of review: Psoriatic arthritis is an immune-mediated disease that primarily affects the skin and joints. It falls under the umbrella term of rheumatic diseases, which describes a group of closely related yet distinct disorders with many common underlying molecular pathways. Despite the distinct clinical manifestation of each disorder, the shared therapeutic strategies attest to the commonality of cellular and molecular underpinnings. Herein we provide a concise yet comprehensive overview of the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis and its involvement in mechanistic pathways leading to the pathogenesis of this dual skin and joint clinical manifestation which is characteristic of psoriatic arthritis and other rheumatic diseases.

Recent findings: The interconnection between activated innate immune cells and adaptive immunity has transformed current thinking to include other organs such as the bone marrow as potential tissue of disease origin. A plethora of animal models and genetic studies converge on the critical role of IL-23/IL-17 axis, and highlight the importance of myeloid cell activation as common pathways between autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation. These findings underscore the intricate immune mechanisms involved in inflammatory arthritis and highlight molecular mechanisms in disease pathogenesis.

Summary: These insights pave the way for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, with a focus on translating these findings into improved clinical practice.

审查目的:银屑病关节炎是一种免疫介导的疾病,主要影响皮肤和关节。它属于风湿性疾病的范畴,风湿性疾病描述了一组密切相关但又截然不同的疾病,其中有许多共同的潜在分子通路。尽管每种疾病的临床表现各不相同,但共同的治疗策略证明了细胞和分子基础的共性。在此,我们简要而全面地概述了白细胞介素(IL)-23/IL-17 轴及其参与导致银屑病关节炎和其他风湿性疾病特有的皮肤和关节双重临床表现的发病机制途径:活化的先天性免疫细胞与适应性免疫之间的相互联系改变了目前的思路,将骨髓等其他器官也列为潜在的疾病起源组织。大量的动物模型和遗传学研究一致认为,IL-23/IL-17 轴具有关键作用,并强调了骨髓细胞活化作为自身炎症和自身免疫性疾病与慢性炎症之间共同途径的重要性。这些发现强调了炎症性关节炎所涉及的错综复杂的免疫机制,并突出了疾病发病机制中的分子机制。
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引用次数: 0
VEXAS syndrome: an adult-onset autoinflammatory disorder with underlying somatic mutation. VEXAS综合征:一种成人发病的自身炎症性疾病,伴有潜在的体细胞突变。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000001068
Ina Kötter, Martin Krusche

Purpose of review: VEXAS syndrome (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) was first described in 2020, where in a cohort of adults with unexplained fever or inflammation, systematic genetic testing was performed and 25 men with a median age of 64 years and somatic mutations in the UBA1 gene were identified. In the current review, we aim to discuss the relevant literature from January 2023 until July 2024 to give new insights into the pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of VEXAS.

Recent findings: VEXAS affects 1 : 4269 in men over the age of 50. Janus-Kinase-inhibitors (JAKi) and IL-6-inhibitors are more effective immunosuppressants against hyperinflammation. Ruxolitinib is more effective than other JAKi. Azacitidine induces remission in many patients, but only few MDS-associated patients were treated. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is feasible for selected cases. Infections are the major cause of death. Prognosis is still poor with a 5-year mortality rate of 18-40%.

Summary: In the current review, we discuss the novelties for VEXAS, including pathogenic pathways, epidemiological data, diagnostic criteria and algorithms, treatment options and complications. We hope that this review may improve rheumatologists understanding of VEXAS. We strongly recommend enrolling VEXAS patients in registries and clinical trials, to improve prognosis of VEXAS in the future.

综述的目的:VEXAS综合征(空泡、E1酶、X-连锁、自身炎症、体细胞)于2020年首次被描述,在一个原因不明的发热或炎症的成人队列中,进行了系统的基因检测,发现了25名男性,中位年龄为64岁,UBA1基因发生了体细胞突变。在本综述中,我们旨在讨论从 2023 年 1 月到 2024 年 7 月的相关文献,以便对 VEXAS 的病理生理学、流行病学、诊断和治疗有新的认识:VEXAS 影响 1 :4269例。Janus-激酶抑制剂(JAKi)和IL-6抑制剂是对抗高炎症更有效的免疫抑制剂。Ruxolitinib比其他JAKi更有效。阿扎胞苷可使许多患者病情缓解,但只有少数MDS相关患者接受了治疗。同种异体干细胞移植适用于部分病例。感染是死亡的主要原因。小结:在本综述中,我们讨论了 VEXAS 的新特点,包括致病途径、流行病学数据、诊断标准和算法、治疗方案和并发症。我们希望这篇综述能增进风湿病学家对 VEXAS 的了解。我们强烈建议将VEXAS患者纳入登记册和临床试验,以改善未来VEXAS的预后。
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引用次数: 0
A scoping review of the epidemiology of systemic sclerosis and its organ manifestations: 2018-2024. 系统性硬化症及其器官表现的流行病学范围综述:2018-2024.
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000001063
Samuel D Good, Ju Young Lee, Robert E Johnson, Elizabeth R Volkmann

Purpose of review: Updates from large, observational cohorts and new statistical techniques have resulted in new data on the epidemiology of systemic sclerosis (SSc). This scoping review uses data from 2018 to 2024 to describe the current understanding of the epidemiology of SSc and several of its organ- manifestations.

Recent findings: Our review identified new estimates for the global incidence and prevalence of SSc (1.4-8.6 per 100 000 person-years and 17.6-18.9 per 100 000 individuals, respectively). Mortality rates remain high, though mortality at younger ages has decreased. interstitial lung disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension remain the most common causes of death for patients with SSc. Literature on gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of SSc was scarce, and we identified significant heterogeneity in results. Furthermore, data on the epidemiology of racial, ethnic and sex-based disparities was lacking.

Summary: New techniques for the evaluation of the epidemiology of SSc highlight the high morbidity and mortality of SSc, and a growing prevalence rate compared with prior eras. Further research is needed to address notable heterogeneity in the reporting of epidemiological data and understudied disease manifestations, including GI disease and health disparities in disease outcomes.

综述的目的:大型观察性队列和新统计技术的更新为系统性硬化症(SSc)的流行病学提供了新数据。本范围界定综述使用 2018 年至 2024 年的数据来描述目前对 SSc 流行病学及其几种器官表现的理解:我们的综述确定了 SSc 全球发病率和流行率的新估计值(分别为每 10 万人年 1.4-8.6 例和每 10 万人 17.6-18.9 例)。间质性肺病和肺动脉高压仍然是 SSc 患者最常见的死亡原因。有关 SSc 胃肠道(GI)表现的文献很少,而且我们发现结果存在明显的异质性。摘要:评估 SSc 流行病学的新技术突显了 SSc 的高发病率和高死亡率,以及与以前相比不断增长的患病率。需要进一步开展研究,以解决流行病学数据报告中的显著异质性和未得到充分研究的疾病表现,包括消化道疾病和疾病结果中的健康差异。
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引用次数: 0
Releasing our model T - chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells for autoimmune indications. 发布我们的 T-嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T 细胞模型,用于自身免疫适应症。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000001062
Holly Wobma, Joyce C Chang, Susan E Prockop

Purpose of review: This review provides an update on the rapidly growing field of engineered cellular therapies for autoimmune disorders, primarily focusing on clinical experience and correlative studies with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells.

Recent findings: To date, two case series describing treatment with CAR T-cell therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suggest that drug-free remission can be sustained in patients with previously treatment-refractory disease. The outcomes of these studies are similar, despite the use of different CAR constructs and lymphodepletion regimens. Although it is not yet clear whether the patients described have truly been cured, the majority of remissions have remained durable up to last follow-up at 1-2 years from treatment. Meanwhile, mechanistic studies are providing a window into how transient B-cell depletion mediates lasting benefit. With the encouraging data in SLE, CAR T-cells and other novel B-cell-depleting agents (e.g. bispecific T-cell engagers) are now being evaluated as treatment for other autoimmune conditions, with the goal of durable response.

Summary: Recent reports highlight cellular therapies as a promising strategy for patients with treatment-refractory autoimmune conditions; however, there is still limited experience, and better insight into this therapeutic approach is expected to emerge rapidly.

综述目的:本综述介绍了针对自身免疫性疾病的工程细胞疗法这一快速发展领域的最新进展,主要侧重于嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T细胞的临床经验和相关研究:迄今为止,有两个病例系列描述了用CAR T细胞疗法治疗系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的情况,这表明以前治疗难治的患者可以持续获得无药缓解。尽管使用了不同的 CAR 构建和淋巴清除方案,但这些研究的结果都很相似。虽然目前尚不清楚上述患者是否真正痊愈,但大多数患者的缓解在治疗后 1-2 年的最后一次随访中仍保持持久。同时,机理研究为我们提供了一个窗口,让我们了解短暂的 B 细胞耗竭是如何产生持久疗效的。有了系统性红斑狼疮令人鼓舞的数据,CAR T 细胞和其他新型 B 细胞清除剂(如双特异性 T 细胞吞噬剂)正被评估用于治疗其他自身免疫性疾病,目标是获得持久的反应:最近的报告强调,细胞疗法是治疗难治性自身免疫性疾病患者的一种很有前景的策略;然而,目前的经验仍然有限,人们对这种治疗方法的更深入了解有望迅速出现。
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引用次数: 0
Inclusion body myositis: an update. 包涵体肌炎:最新进展。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000001060
Nicolaas C Anderson, Thomas E Lloyd

Purpose of review: To review recent advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of inclusion body myositis (IBM).

Recent findings: Recent epidemiologic studies have highlighted the morbidity and mortality associated with IBM, including the impact of dysphagia. Multiomic analyses of IBM tissues have identified new pathogenic pathways and biomarkers for use in clinical trials. New diagnostic criteria and outcome measures have been proposed to improve clinical trial design. Ongoing clinical trials are targeting T cells and autophagy.

Summary: Improvements in our understanding of IBM pathogenesis are identifying new pathways and biomarkers that need validation in larger cohorts. Exercise remains the primary therapeutic modality available, and new treatment targets are needed.

综述的目的:回顾我们对包涵体肌炎(IBM)的流行病学、病理生理学和治疗方法的最新研究进展:最近的流行病学研究强调了与包涵体肌炎相关的发病率和死亡率,包括吞咽困难的影响。对 IBM 组织进行的多组学分析发现了新的致病途径和生物标记物,可用于临床试验。为改进临床试验设计,提出了新的诊断标准和结果测量方法。目前正在进行的临床试验以 T 细胞和自噬为目标。摘要:我们对 IBM 发病机制的认识有所提高,发现了新的发病途径和生物标志物,需要在更大的群体中进行验证。运动仍是现有的主要治疗方式,但需要新的治疗目标。
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引用次数: 0
Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: diagnosis and management. 多发性风湿痛和巨细胞动脉炎:诊断和治疗。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000001059
Margaret Man-Ger Sun, Janet E Pope

Purpose of review: There have been advances in the diagnosis and treatment of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).

Recent findings: Themes in PMR and GCA include classification criteria, ultrasound imaging of temporal and axillary arteries replacing biopsies for diagnosis of GCA, faster diagnosis and treatment with rapid access clinics for suspected GCA, and expanding treatment options with the goal of rapid suppression of inflammation and sparing steroids.

Summary: Treatment is aimed at suppressing inflammation quickly in both GCA and PMR. Randomized trials have demonstrated success in reducing glucocorticoids when adding advanced therapies such as interleukin 6 (IL6) inhibitors. Other treatments including Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (especially a phase 3 trial of upadacitinib at 15 mg daily and secukinumab (an IL17 inhibitor) are being tested. Some uncontrolled GCA protocols are limiting glucocorticoids to initial IV pulse therapy only or rapid tapering of oral glucocorticoids with upfront treatment with tocilizumab. There is uncertainty of who should have an advanced therapy and how long to use it for and what order to consider advanced therapies when treatment fails. In PMR, studies are performed when patients cannot taper glucocorticoids effectively, whereas in GCA, advanced therapies are started with disease onset or with recurrent GCA.

综述的目的:巨细胞动脉炎(GCA)和多发性风湿痛(PMR)的诊断和治疗取得了进展:摘要:治疗的目的是快速抑制GCA和PMR的炎症反应。随机试验表明,在添加白细胞介素6(IL6)抑制剂等先进疗法的同时,减少糖皮质激素的使用是成功的。其他治疗方法包括 Janus 激酶(JAK)抑制剂(尤其是每天服用 15 毫克的 upadacitinib 和 secukinumab(IL17 抑制剂)的 3 期试验)正在接受测试。一些未受控制的 GCA 方案将糖皮质激素限制在最初的静脉脉冲治疗,或快速减少口服糖皮质激素,并先期使用托西珠单抗治疗。对于哪些患者应接受先进疗法、使用多长时间以及治疗失败后考虑先进疗法的先后顺序还不确定。在 PMR 中,当患者不能有效减量糖皮质激素时才会进行研究,而在 GCA 中,晚期疗法则在患者发病或 GCA 复发时开始。
{"title":"Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: diagnosis and management.","authors":"Margaret Man-Ger Sun, Janet E Pope","doi":"10.1097/BOR.0000000000001059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BOR.0000000000001059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>There have been advances in the diagnosis and treatment of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Themes in PMR and GCA include classification criteria, ultrasound imaging of temporal and axillary arteries replacing biopsies for diagnosis of GCA, faster diagnosis and treatment with rapid access clinics for suspected GCA, and expanding treatment options with the goal of rapid suppression of inflammation and sparing steroids.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Treatment is aimed at suppressing inflammation quickly in both GCA and PMR. Randomized trials have demonstrated success in reducing glucocorticoids when adding advanced therapies such as interleukin 6 (IL6) inhibitors. Other treatments including Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (especially a phase 3 trial of upadacitinib at 15 mg daily and secukinumab (an IL17 inhibitor) are being tested. Some uncontrolled GCA protocols are limiting glucocorticoids to initial IV pulse therapy only or rapid tapering of oral glucocorticoids with upfront treatment with tocilizumab. There is uncertainty of who should have an advanced therapy and how long to use it for and what order to consider advanced therapies when treatment fails. In PMR, studies are performed when patients cannot taper glucocorticoids effectively, whereas in GCA, advanced therapies are started with disease onset or with recurrent GCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11145,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in rheumatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant for systemic sclerosis associated interstitial lung disease. 自体造血干细胞移植治疗系统性硬化症相关间质性肺病。
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000001050
Jana Zielonka, Jean Paul Higuero Sevilla

Purpose of review: Over the last 25 years, the role of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) in the treatment of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) has been elucidated. However, multiple critical questions remain regarding this therapy. Of particular interest is the role of HSCT in the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc)-associated interstitial lung disease since this is the leading cause of death in SSc.

Recent findings: Most clinical trials and observational studies of HSCT for the treatment of dcSSc have reported pulmonary outcomes as secondary outcomes, Also, most studies have excluded patients with significant pulmonary function impairment. Despite these limitations, there is increasing evidence that suggests that HSCT leads to interstitial lung disease stabilization and possibly improvement of lung function based on pulmonary function tests and imaging.

Summary: HSCT has demonstrated improved long-term outcomes compared to conventional therapies for dcSSC. Future research is needed to refine or expand patient selection, optimize conditioning regimens, and evaluate the potential role of maintenance immunosuppression. We recommend an increased focus on interstitial lung disease since this is the primary cause of death in SSc.

综述目的:在过去的 25 年中,自体造血干细胞移植(HSCT)在弥漫性皮肤系统性硬化症(dcSSc)治疗中的作用已得到阐明。然而,这种疗法仍存在多个关键问题。尤其令人感兴趣的是造血干细胞移植在治疗系统性硬化症(SSc)相关间质性肺病方面的作用,因为这是导致系统性硬化症患者死亡的主要原因:大多数造血干细胞移植治疗系统性硬化症的临床试验和观察性研究都将肺部结果作为次要结果。尽管存在这些局限性,但越来越多的证据表明,造血干细胞移植可导致间质性肺病稳定,而且根据肺功能测试和影像学检查,肺功能可能得到改善。未来的研究需要完善或扩大患者选择范围,优化调理方案,并评估维持性免疫抑制的潜在作用。我们建议加强对间质性肺病的关注,因为这是导致 SSc 患者死亡的主要原因。
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引用次数: 0
Juvenile Behçet syndrome: a contemporary view and differential diagnosis in pediatric practice. 青少年贝赫切特综合征:儿科实践中的当代观点和鉴别诊断。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000001057
Mehmet Yildiz,Oya Koker,Ozgur Kasapcopur
PURPOSE OF REVIEWThis review aims to provide a comprehensive and contemporary overview of juvenile Behçet syndrome (jBS), highlighting its clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and treatment strategies.RECENT FINDINGSBehçet syndrome, with its intricate etiopathogenesis and diverse clinical phenotypes, is more aptly classified as a syndrome than a single disease. Its heterogeneous nature requires a broad diagnostic approach and sophisticated differential diagnosis capabilities. The relatively rare occurrence of Behçet syndrome, combined with incomplete clinical presentations and overlapping differential diagnoses, presents significant diagnostic challenges, particularly in pediatric cases. Nevertheless, substantial progress has been made in treatment, especially in managing inflammatory components and preventing complications. Juvenile patients, given their developmental stage, require distinct therapeutic strategies compared to adults, with careful consideration of treatment side effects on growth and psychosocial development.SUMMARYTo ensure early identification of jBS, it is imperative to refine and develop diagnostic criteria specifically tailored to pediatric populations. With a deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms, treatment protocols should be designed to address the developmental, psychosocial, and individual needs of patients, aiming to minimize long-term side effects. Additionally, comprehensive studies considering age, sex, and ethnic differences are necessary to fill gaps in the literature and resolve existing inconsistencies.
本综述旨在对幼年贝赫切特综合征(jBS)进行全面的当代概述,重点介绍其临床表现、诊断难题和治疗策略。其异质性要求采用广泛的诊断方法和复杂的鉴别诊断能力。贝赫切特综合征相对罕见,加上不完整的临床表现和重叠的鉴别诊断,给诊断带来了巨大挑战,尤其是在儿科病例中。不过,在治疗方面,尤其是在控制炎症成分和预防并发症方面,已经取得了长足的进步。摘要为确保早期识别 jBS,必须完善和制定专门针对儿科人群的诊断标准。随着对疾病机制的深入了解,治疗方案的设计应满足患者的发育、社会心理和个人需求,并尽量减少长期副作用。此外,有必要开展考虑年龄、性别和种族差异的综合研究,以填补文献空白并解决现有的不一致问题。
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引用次数: 0
Imaging in vasculitis. 脉管炎的成像
IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000001055
Orrin M Troum, Olga L Pimienta, Alvin Wells

Purpose of review: Systemic vasculitides are characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. Their classification is based on the size of the blood vessels involved - large, medium, or small. Vasculitis early diagnosis and reliable monitoring are crucial to establish a treatment plan and prevent serious complications. Based on these considerations and depending on the location of the affected vessels, the importance of imaging modalities including ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), computed tomography (CT), computed tomography angiography (CTA), and [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) has progressively increased. In addition to physical exam and laboratory data, these imaging tools offer complementary information about vascular changes occurring in vasculitis.This review summarizes the different imaging modalities being utilized to diagnose and monitor vasculitis.

Recent findings: The most recent update for the use of imaging in vasculitis is referenced in the 2023 European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines in 2021. Recent advances in PET imaging in large vessel vasculitis include improved technological imaging acquisition and the use of novel radiotracers for cellular and immune targets. FDG-PET has now been demonstrated to have high sensitivity and specificity to detect temporal arteritis.

Summary: Imaging plays a significant role in the evaluation of vasculitis and continues to gain importance in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity. Differences exist between the ACR guidelines, which advocates for temporal artery biopsy, and the EULAR guidelines, which favors imaging modalities for the initial evaluation and diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis (LVV). Prerequisites for appropriate clinical management utilizing imaging in patients with vasculitis are the availability and access to skilled clinicians to interpret the images and the cost of these techniques not being prohibitive.

审查目的:全身性血管炎以血管发炎为特征。其分类依据是受累血管的大小--大、中、小。血管炎的早期诊断和可靠监测对于制定治疗方案和预防严重并发症至关重要。基于这些考虑,并根据受累血管的位置,超声波成像(US)、磁共振成像(MRI)、磁共振血管成像(MRA)、计算机断层扫描(CT)、计算机断层扫描血管成像(CTA)和[18F]-氟-2-脱氧-d-葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描(FDG-PET/CT)等影像学模式的重要性逐渐增加。除了体格检查和实验室数据外,这些成像工具还提供了有关脉管炎血管变化的补充信息。本综述总结了目前用于诊断和监测脉管炎的不同成像模式:2023 年欧洲风湿病学协会联盟 (EULAR) 的建议和 2021 年美国风湿病学会 (ACR) 的指南中提到了血管炎影像学应用的最新进展。大血管炎 PET 成像的最新进展包括改进了成像采集技术,并针对细胞和免疫靶点使用了新型放射性核素。FDG-PET目前已被证明在检测颞动脉炎方面具有很高的灵敏度和特异性。摘要:影像学在脉管炎的评估中发挥着重要作用,在诊断和监测疾病活动方面的重要性也在不断增加。ACR指南主张进行颞动脉活检,而EULAR指南则倾向于采用影像学模式对大血管脉管炎(LVV)进行初步评估和诊断,两者之间存在差异。对血管炎患者进行适当的影像学临床管理的先决条件是有熟练的临床医生来解读影像,而且这些技术的费用不会过高。
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引用次数: 0
The role of neutrophil extracellular traps in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. 中性粒细胞胞外捕获器在炎症性风湿病中的作用。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000001054
Norio Hanata,Mariana J Kaplan
PURPOSE OF REVIEWDysregulation in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and degradation has been reported in several inflammatory rheumatic diseases. This review summarizes the recent advances in the understanding the role of NETs in the context of inflammatory rheumatic diseases.RECENT FINDINGSNET formation is enhanced in peripheral blood of patients with large vessel vasculitis and polymyalgia rheumatica. NETs are detected in affected organs in autoimmune conditions, and they might play pathological roles in tissues. Several understudied medications and supplements suppress NET formation and ameliorate animal models of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. NETs and anti-NET antibodies have potential utility as disease biomarkers.SUMMARYGrowing evidence has suggested the contribution of NET dysregulation to the pathogenesis of several inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Further research is warranted in regard to clinical impact of modulating aberrant NET formation and clearance in inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
综述目的据报道,在几种炎症性风湿病中,中性粒细胞胞外捕获物(NET)的形成和降解发生了失调。本综述总结了最近在了解中性粒细胞胞外捕获物在炎症性风湿病中的作用方面取得的进展。最新发现大血管炎和多发性风湿性关节炎患者的外周血中中性粒细胞胞外捕获物的形成增强。在自身免疫性疾病的受影响器官中检测到 NET,它们可能在组织中发挥病理作用。一些未被充分研究的药物和补充剂可抑制 NET 的形成,并改善炎症性风湿病的动物模型。越来越多的证据表明,NET失调是多种炎症性风湿病发病机制的重要因素。关于调节炎症性风湿病中异常 NET 的形成和清除对临床的影响,还需要进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
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Current opinion in rheumatology
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